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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vegetalika Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Agrointek Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Planta Tropika Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Jurnal Biologi Tropis jurnal Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) Agroscript: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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The Effects of Urea Fertilizing Techniques on Growth and Yield of Corn (Zea mays) in Vertisol Playen, Gunungkidul Heny Alpandari; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 3 (2019): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.32147

Abstract

Corn production can be increased by proper urea fertilizers. Fertilization techniques commonly used by farmers are broadcast or buried into soil. But in both of these techniques can make to lose urea faster, because nature of urea is easily changed to ammonium (NH4+), then changed to ammonia (NH3) which leads to volatilization or leaching. This study aims to compare urea fertilization techniques commonly used by farmers and their effects on the growth and yield of corn in Vertisol on rainy season. The research method used was a single factor in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four blocks as replications. The treatments were without urea (N1), buried urea into soil (N2), and broadcast of urea (N3), with a urea dose of 348 kg/ha obtained from soil sampling analysis. The observation of parameters (1) Climatic condition, (2) physical and chemical characters of soil, (3) Plant height, (4) Effect N fertilization on root and shoot, (5) Chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity, (6) observations of harvested. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% levels, and continued Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at test level of 5%. The results showed that fertilization affecteds all parameters. Buried into soil (N2) and broadcast (N3) technique was significantly different only in leaf N content that is 3,31% (N2), 2,16% (N3) and also in higher plant, but not significantly different in other variables. Based on this research, farmers still use broadcast techniques because they are more efficient in terms of time and energy.
The Effect of Urease Inhibitors Coated Urea on the Growth, Physiological Activities and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Inceptisol Jogonalan, Klaten Fransisca Christiana Dewi; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.32367

Abstract

An approach to minimize the loss of nitrogen (N) evaporating from urea is by inhibiting urease activity by urea coating with N- (n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and N- (n-propyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NPPT). The effect of urease inhibitor to minimize N loss has not been done in inceptisol soil. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of urease inhibitor coated urea on growth, physiological activity and yield of maize in Inceptisol Jogonalan, Klaten, Indonesia. The treatment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replications namely N0 (without fertilizer), N1 (urea + NBPT 348 kg ha-1) and N2 (urea + NBPT 278 kg ha-1). All treated plants was fertilized once in one growing season 3 weeks after planting (WAP). Observations were done on several variables: soil physicochemical characteristics, plant physiological activity as well as growth and yield of maize. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and then the mean comparisons were done by using Least Significance Difference (LSD) test at 5%. The results showed that fertilization affected all observed variables. The effect of urea-coated urea inhibitor urease (NBPT+NPPT) compared with N0 (control) showed very optimum result, especially in N2 treatment. The urea coated with NBPT + NPPT (urease inhibitors) was more effective at lower dose of 278 kg ha-1 and tended to provide better results indicated by the growth and yield of maize in Inceptisol, Jogonalan, Klaten. The better growth as well as the higher yield of maize that was indicated by seed weight of 11,45 tons ha-1 and 100-seed weight of 37.75 g were obtained from N2 treatment as compared to other treatments. The hybrid maize (P35) has an optimum yield potential of 12.1 tons of dry pipes per hectare.
The influence of urease and nitrification inhibitor on loss of N and oil palm harvest in peat Aldy Slamet Riyadi; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Eko Hanudin
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2020): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.36823

Abstract

Oil palm is one of intensively planted in Indonesia, large-managed for industrial oil palm. This study aimed to know the influences of urease and nitrification inhibitor on loss of N and oil palm harvest in peat. The research was conducted at Sukamandang Village Coconut Plantation, Seruyan Tengah District, Seruyan Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. The research used a single factor of field experimental method with Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). Urea and ZA fertilizer were used in this study with the following treatment: N0= Without N, N1= Urea (195 kg.ha-1 N), N2= Urea + 0.12% NBPT-NPPT (195 kg.ha-1 N), N3= Urea (156 kg.ha-1 N), N4= Urea + 0.12% NBPT-NPPT (156 kg.ha-1 N), N5= Ammonium Sulfate (427 kg.ha-1 N), N6= Ammonium Sulfate + 0.8% DMPP (427 kg.ha-1 N), N7= Ammonium Sulfate (324 kg.ha-1 N), N8= Ammonium Sulfate + 0.8% DMPP (324 kg.ha-1 N). The research result indicated that the use of NBPT and DMPP inhibitors did not affect N levels in the leaves and the free fatty acids. Urea + NBPT treatment had no N loss for about 30%–50% which was lower than urea without N, whereas ammonium sulfate + DMPP had smaller N loss than all treatments without N fertilization. Fertilization using urea + NBPT and ammonium sulfate + DMPP increased the production of FFB and yield of oil palm.
Effects of Urease Inhibitor and Nitrification Inhibitor on the Nitrogen Losses, Physiological Activity, and Oil Palm Yield on Red-Yellow Podzolic Melisa Melisa; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Eko Hanudin
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.37291

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency can increase by adding N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and N-(n-propyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NPPT) as urease inhibitor in urea fertilizer and adding 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate (DMPP) as nitrification inhibitor in ammonium sulfate (ZA) fertilizer. The research objectives were to examine the effectiveness of urease inhibitor (NBPT and NPPT) and nitrification inhibitor (DMPP) on the physiological activity and oil palm yield on red-yellow podzolic. Field experiment was done using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) of single factor and three replications as block. The single factor was nine fertilization treatments of urea with or without urease inhibitor, and ZA with or without nitrification inhibitor. The use of urease inhibitors decreases the amount of volatilization and N loss fertilizer. The higher dose of broadcasting N fertilizer (on the same type of fertilizer) resulted in the higher amount of N loss and volatilization. All fertilization treatments did not have any significant influence to the width and the length of opening stomata, nitrate reductase activity (NRA), N concentration in oil palm leaf, Oil Extraction Rate (OER), and Free Fatty Acid (FFA). Meanwhile, The oil palms at yellow red podzolic applied with urea 195 kg/ha combined with 0.12% of NBPT-NPPT resulting in higher fresh fruit bunch productivity.
The Contribution of Calcium to Changes in Leaf Anatomical Character of Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) under Drought Stress Novi Yulanda Sari; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.42447

Abstract

The research was purposed  (1) to know the effects of drought stress on changes in leaf anatomical character of oil palm seedlings (2) to know the contribution of calcium in cell compactness and increase the structural strength of leaf tissue so that oil palm seedlings were more tolerant to drought stress. This experiment was laid out following a split plot design with three blocks as replication. Main plot consists of drought stress levels, that are field capacity (FTSW 1.00), moderate drought stress (FTSW 0.35) and severe drought stress (FTSW 0.15). The fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) is a method for evaluating gradually increasing drought stress based on the amount of water loss due to transpiration. Meanwhile, subplot consists of four doses of calcium (Ca), that are of 0.0 g/seedlings, 0.04 g/seedlings, 0.08 g/seedlings, and 0.12 g/seedlings. Calcium fertilizer used is calcium sulfate (CaSO4) pure analysis. Leaf anatomical character was observed including the epidermal length and epidermal width; hypodermal length and hypodermal width; palisade cell length and palisade cell width; sponge cell length and sponge cell width; mesophyll tissue thickness; xylem and phloem diameter. The results showed that moderate and severe drought stress reduced epidermal cell length, upper hypodermal cell width, mesophyll thickness, palisade width and phloem diameter of leaf vessels. The applications of calcium to the leaf of oil palm seedlings under drought stresses were able to increased in the sponge cell length at a Ca dosage of 0.04 g/seedlings; increased lower hypodermal width and diameter phloem at a Ca dosage of 0.04 g/seedlings; and increased diameter xylem of leaves vessel at a Ca dosage of 0.12 g/seedlings.
Morphological characters of root and yield of three cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clones in the field with dead-end trench Canggih Nailil Maghfiroh; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2020): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.51284

Abstract

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a perennial crop originated from tropical regions, divided into Criollo, Forastero, and Trinitario. Demand for cocoa has increased, but the productivity is still low. The increase in production could be achieved by improving crop management and using superior clones. RCC-70, RCC-71, and KKM-22 are recommended as the superior cocoa clones. Dead-end trench can reduce erosion and surface run-off as well as improve rooting and soil organic matter sequestration. The objectives of this research were to study the effects of dead-end trench application on morphological characters of roots and yields of three cocoa clones and to determine which cocoa clone(s) performed a signifificant yield increase with the application of dead-end trench. The research was conducted in August 2018–April 2019 at Pagilaran Ltd. cocoa plantation in North Segayung Production Unit, subdistrict Tulis, Batang, Central Java. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications as block. The first factor was dead-end trench application (with and without dead-end trench application) and the second factor was cocoa clones (RCC-70, RCC-71, and KKM-22). This study showed that application of dead-end trench and clones significantly increased root fresh weight, root dry weight, seed fresh weight, and seed dry weight, but had no significant effect on fruit diameter, fruit length, root length, and root surface area. RCC-70 clone, coupled with the application of dead-end trench, resulted in the highest seed dry weight compared to RCC-71 and KKM-22 clones.
Effects of auxin and cytokinin levels on the success of air layering in tea plant clones of GMB 7 and GMB 9 using husk charcoal, cocopeat and moss media Ika Betty Widyastuti; Prapto Yudono; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2020): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.53019

Abstract

The research aimed to propagate tea plants by air layering in order to obtain new plants with shorter immature plants period (TBM), which is 1.5 years, by utilizing wasted branches from routine clean pruning activities in tea plantations. The research was conducted from August 2018 to January 2019 at tea plantation of PT. Pagilaran, Batang, Central Java. Experiment using single factor treatment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The treatment was layering media, consisting of husk charcoal, moss, and cocopeat, which were applied on GMB 7 and GMB 9 clones. The results showed significant effects of the layering media on the levels of auxin and cytokinin in GMB 7. The highest levels were found in the husk charcoal and moss media. Analysis of sucrose, glucose and total sugar as well as the physiological analysis of the air layering roots showed no significant difference in the fresh weight, dry weight, volume, surface area, diameter, and length of the roots. Husk charcoal resulted in the highest success rate of the air layering in GMB 7, which was 100%. Meanwhile, GMB 9 showed significant difference only in the auxin levels. There was no significant effect of layering media on the analysis of sucrose, glucose and total sugar as well as on the physiological analysis of the air layering roots. Both husk charcoal and moss media resulted in the highest success rate of the air layering in GMB 9, which was 58.33%.   
The improvement of microclimate and soil characteristics in cocoa-tree agroforestry patterns Ramces Sitohang; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.67292

Abstract

Shade trees are used in agroforestry pattern for production and service aspects. Cocoa-tree agroforestry pattern is expected to improve atmospheric and rhizosphere zone in cacao plantations. However, the information related to this is still quite limited. This study was conducted using a nested design, with types of shade trees as nest. Shade trees used were Falcataria moluccana, Cocos nucifera, and Cassia spectabilis, and without shade was used as control. Variables observed were light, air temperature, humidity, soil temperature, soil texture, bulk density, permeability, and moisture content. Soil chemical properties were also observed, including organic C, pH, total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B and content of available P, K, Ca, Mg, and B. The results showed that cacao agroforestry pattern using F. moluccana and C. spectabilis was able to improve the microclimate characteristics and soil fertility. However, F. moluccana showed lower soil fertility than C. spectabilis. F. moluccana and C. spectabilis shade trees were able to optimize light plants from 33 % to 34 %, and from 38 % to 39 %, respectively. F. moluccana could provide optimal air and soil temperature of 30 ⁰C to 32 ⁰C and 27 ⁰C, respectively. Meanwhile, C. spectabilis could provide optimal air and soil temperature of 29 ⁰C to 31⁰C and  26 ⁰C to 27 ⁰C, consecutively. Cocoa-tree agroforestry pattern using C. Spectabilis shade trees could optimize soil moisture content, pH, total N, and P, and availabilities of K, Ca, Mg, and B in soil.
Yield and yield components of superior cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L.) clones rejuvenated by ring budding technique Resti Utari Wahyudi; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Didik Indradewa
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.71385

Abstract

The ring budding technique gave a higher suitability for rejuvenation of cocoa plants compared to side cleft grafting it can be combined with the use of superior clones for optimal production. However, information related to this is still limited. The research aimed to determine the effects of ring budding technique on yield components and yields of three types of superior cocoa clones. The experiment was arranged in a Nested Design. The first factor is the type of vegetative propagation technique, consisting of side cleft grafting and ring budding. The second factor was clones, which consisted of clones KKM 22, RCC 70 and RCC 71. Clones were nested in vegetative propagation. The research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 at the Pagilaran Company. Observations were made on several yield component variables. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at the 5%. The results showed that the number of pods and the weight of beans per cocoa stand were significantly higher in the ring budding technique than the side cleft grafting. This condition caused the dry bean weight per hectare much higher as well. The three cacao clones, which were rejuvenated by ring budding, gave a good response and high yields. Meanwhile, only KKM 2 gave good response and high yield after treated with side cleft grafting technique, while  RCC 70 and RCC 71 clones gave low yields. The KKM 22 clone is the best option in terms of rehabilitation with ring budding and side cleft grafting.
Yield and yield components of superior cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L.) clones rejuvenated by ring budding technique Resti Utari Wahyudi; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Didik Indradewa
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.71385

Abstract

The ring budding technique gave a higher suitability for rejuvenation of cocoa plants compared to side cleft grafting it can be combined with the use of superior clones for optimal production. However, information related to this is still limited. The research aimed to determine the effects of ring budding technique on yield components and yields of three types of superior cocoa clones. The experiment was arranged in a Nested Design. The first factor is the type of vegetative propagation technique, consisting of side cleft grafting and ring budding. The second factor was clones, which consisted of clones KKM 22, RCC 70 and RCC 71. Clones were nested in vegetative propagation. The research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 at the Pagilaran Company. Observations were made on several yield component variables. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at the 5%. The results showed that the number of pods and the weight of beans per cocoa stand were significantly higher in the ring budding technique than the side cleft grafting. This condition caused the dry bean weight per hectare much higher as well. The three cacao clones, which were rejuvenated by ring budding, gave a good response and high yields. Meanwhile, only KKM 2 gave good response and high yield after treated with side cleft grafting technique, while  RCC 70 and RCC 71 clones gave low yields. The KKM 22 clone is the best option in terms of rehabilitation with ring budding and side cleft grafting.
Co-Authors Aditya Herwin Dwiputra Ageng Kaloko Alam, Taufan Aldy Slamet Riyadi Alpandari, Heny Andi Nur Cahyo Anggraeni Marganingsih Annisa Khoiriyah Aprilia Ike Nurmalasari Arief Rahman Arizal Nur Hardiansyah Aryo Wijayanto Ayu Ainullah Muryasani Bambang Suwignyo Benediktus Dimas Surya Wirawan Benito Heru Purwanto Benny W.P. Brian Krisna BUDI SETIADI DARYONO Budiastuti Kurniasih Cahyo Wulandari Canggih Nailil Maghfiroh Deborah Gita Sakinah Dewa, Didik Indra Dewi, Fransisca Christiana DIAH RACHMAWATI Didik Indra Dewa Didik Indra Dewa Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Dody Kastono Dwi Nur Shinta Febriani Dyah Weny Respatie Eka Listia Eko Hanudin Eko Hanudin Eko Hanudin Endang Sulistyaningsih Farrasati, Rana Garusti, Garusti Hutagalung, St Novella Angelica Ika Betty Widyastuti Ika Betty Widyastuti Ika Irmayanti JAKA WIDADA Kaloko, Ageng Kartikawati, Rina Khairi, Alfassabiq Kurniasih, Budiastuti Lilis Suryani Lubis, Sutan Tarmizi Maghfiroh, Canggih Nailil Meksy Dianawati Melisa Melisa Muchammad Ambar Huda Muhdan Syarovy Nasrudin Nasrudin Novi Yulanda Sari Nurwita, Ardian Nuzul Hijri Darlan Okti Wulandari Pradiko, Iput Pradina Yenny Novitasari Prapto Yudono Prapto Yudono Prapto Yudono Prapto Yudono Prapto Yudono Prapto Yudono Prasetiyanto, Lukas Priyo Prianto, Sukirno Dwiasmoro Priyono Suryanto Purnomo Purnomo Putra, Sukmana Siswandana R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Ramces Sitohang Ramot Christian Ratnasani Ambarwati Siniwi Resti Utari Wahyudi Riyadi, Aldy Slamet Roberdi, Roberdi Rohlan Rogomulyo Rohman, Randi Abdur Rudi Hari Murti Ruslan Boy Sarlin Kusumaningrum Satiti Ratnasari Sigit Dwi Maryanto Silmia, Betha Siti Nurul Rofiqo Irwan Siti Subandiyah Sri Dewi HS, Endang Sri Trisnowati Sriyanto Waluyo Sriyanto Waluyo Sujadi Sujadi Sumaryanto Sumaryanto, Sumaryanto Supriyanta Supriyanta Suryana Riski Siregar Syarif, Afiya Nadhifah Thirafi, Dhaffa Agung Tohari Tohari Tohari Tohari Tony Liwang Toyip Toyip, Toyip Tri Rini Nuringtyas Tri Utami Utomo, Condro Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani Widyastuti, Ika Betty