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Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAcĀ 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAcĀ 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Co-Authors Adelia Syalsabila Ahmad Randy Ahmad Rivaldi Aisya, Sitti Akhmad Darmawan Al Husna, Riezdqhy Amalina F. Anita Apriliana Anita Apriliana, Anita Anwar, Yaskinul Aprilia A Pratiwi Ardiansyah, DT Ariani, Novita Arif Prasetyo Arum, Elis Seftia Atila Sapitri Auliana B, Dian Aspiyani Chairul Saleh Cristina Martafola Daryadi A, Muhammad DEWI RAHMAWATI Dharma, Bodhi Dijan Sunar Rukmi Din Aminuddin Dina Hayati Putri Dwi Susanto Dwi Susanto Eko Heryadi eko heryadi, eko Eko Kusumawati Ervinda Yuliatin Eva Marliana, Eva Fitriani Fitriani Freminci Fudiantoro, Aldi Helda Sason Hendri Misak Heruddin - Husdiati Jamun, Rosalia Jusmaldi Jusmaldi Kadek Subagiada, Kadek Kristina - Kurniati, Reni Kusumawati, Eko Lariman Lariman Lariman, Lariman Linda Oktavianingsih Linda Oktavianingsih Linda Oktavianingsih Lintang Maula Rofi Lonita Lonita Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Maulidiyah Maysavitrie Citra Wijayanti Kristianto Megawati Misak, Hendri Mislan Mislan Mislan Muhaenal Muhammad Basrowi Muhammad Fauzi Arif Muhammad Fauzi Arif Muhammad Nurdin Mukhlis munasirah, Munasirah Murti, Sus Tri Nikmahtulhaniah Ayu Wulandari Nova Hariani Noviana Crisdayanti Nur Inayah Mbewu Nur Miati Oktaviani, Martha Patang, Nurfadilah A. Pitaloka Alif Savitri Primahana, Gian Pujianti, Eva Putri, Fiorhentina Rahayu, Ndaruning Tri Rahmatullah, Kukuh Risa Supriningrum Rosnah Rosnah Rosnah, Rosnah Salsabillah, Natasya Irma Nur Sapitri, Atila Sarah Sarah Sasmitha Siti Hadijah Sudrajat Sudrajat SUKIRNO Surianto Effendi Sus Tri Murti syafrizal Thirza Larence Hartono Utami, Alya Nindityas Waltrudis Dhiu Widya Fajariani Winata, Ari Yanti Puspita Sari Yanti Puspita Sari Yaskinul Anwar Yudistira Yudistira Yuliatin, Ervinda Zaini, Mulia