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Potensi Masalah Hukum Dalam Tanda Tangan Elektronik Dalam Pembuktian Hukum Acara Perdata Indonesia Fauzi, Irvan; Rifai, Anis; Shebubakar, Arina Novizas
Jurnal Bedah Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Bedah Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Boyolali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36596/jbh.v8i1.1047

Abstract

Abstract Electronic signatures are currently often used on digital-based documents which basically can be said to be in the form of non-paper documents which can be debated in the process of proving civil procedural law because they are not in accordance with the types of evidence where the requirements are in physical form. Therefore the author raises issues such as what is the legal basis for the validity of electronic signatures in making agreements between parties in the technological era? how is the legal force of proving electronic signatures in Indonesian civil procedural law? The research method in this scientific journal uses a normative juridical approach using existing data through Open Source. The results of the research found that the legal basis for electronic signatures is regulated in the Electronic Transactions Act which provides a definition in the form of part of an electronic agreement for parties to agree together through the existence of an electronic system in preparing, analyzing, collecting, processing, storing , convey and be able to disseminate information electronically. Electronic signing as a form of electronic data on an agreement document in civil procedural law can be a potential problem if it is used as evidence in a proving trial process in court. Where electronic signing is a paperless transaction. This of course raises problems when the proof process is not in accordance with what is regulated in Article 1866 of the Civil Code, in this case it means that the evidence in the form of electronic data submitted is considered to have no legal force of proof, therefore it does not rule out the possibility that judges and other parties will reject it as evidence. Suggestions for the future are that the court can accommodate evidence in the form of electronic signatures. electronic data submitted is considered to have no legal force of proof, therefore it does not rule out the possibility that judges and other parties will reject it as evidence. Suggestions for the future are that the court can accommodate evidence in the form of electronic signatures Abstrak Tanda tangan elektronik saat ini sering dipakai pada dokumen yang berbasis digital yang pada dasarnya dapat dikatakan sebagai bentuk dari dokumen non-kertas yang dapat menjadi perdebatan dalam proses pembuktian hukum acara perdata karena tidak sesuai dengan jenis-jenis alat bukti yang mana persyaratannya dalam bentuk fisik. Oleh sebab itu penulis mengangkat permasalahan seperti bagaimanakah dasar hukum keabsahan dari tanda tangan elektronik dalam melakukan perjanjian antara para pihak di era teknologi? bagaimana kekuatan hukum pembuktian tanda tangan elektronik dalam hukum acara perdata Indonesia? Metode penelitian pada jurnal ilmiah ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan memakai data-data yang ada melalui Open Source. Hasil dari penelitian menemukan dasar hukum dari tanda tangan elektronik diatur pada Undang-Undang Transaksi Elektronik yang memberikan definisi berupa bagian dari suatu perjanjian elektronik bagi para pihak secara bersama-sama untuk bersepakat melalui adanya sistem secara elektronik dalam mempersiapkan, menganalisis, mengumpulkan, mengolah, menyimpan, menyampaikan dan dapat untuk menyebarkan suatu informasi secara elektronik. Penandatanganan Elektronik sebagai bentuk dari data elektronik pada suatu dokumen perjanjian dalam hukum acara perdata ini dapat menjadi potensi masalah apabila digunakan sebagai bahan bukti di dalam sebuah proses persidangan pembuktian di pengadilan. Yang mana adanya penandatanganan secara elektronik merupakan transaksi tanpa kertas. Hal ini tentu menimbulkan permasalahan pada saat proses pembuktian yang tidak sesuai dengan yang diatur dalam pasal 1866 KUH Perdata, dalam hal ini berarti bukti berupa data elektronik yang diserahkan dianggap tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum pembuktian, oleh karenanya tidak menutup kemungkinan hakim dan pihak lain akan menolaknya sebagai alat bukti. Saran kedepannya agar pengadilan dapat mengakomodir alat bukti berupa tanda tangan elektronik.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terkait Upaya Pemohon dan Termohon Atas Putusan Arbitrase Menurut Perundang-undangan di Indonesia Muspardi, Muspardi; Rifai, Anis; Suartini, Suartini
Jurnal Bedah Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Bedah Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Boyolali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36596/jbh.v8i1.1096

Abstract

Kata Latin arbitrase menunjukkan otoritas untuk membawa suatu tindakan ke suatu kesimpulan sesuai dengan tingkat keahlian seseorang. Suatu persepsi dapat timbul bahwa seorang arbiter atau majelis arbitrase tidak lagi terikat oleh prinsip-prinsip hukum ketika menyelesaikan suatu sengketa dan hanya akan fokus pada pencapaian penyelesaian yang disetujui bersama. Arbiter atau panel sebenarnya menerapkan hukum seperti hakim atau pengadilan, bertentangan dengan kepercayaan umum. Arbitrase adalah mekanisme hukum untuk menyelesaikan sengketa perdata yang terjadi di luar sistem peradilan adat, sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Makalah ini mengeksplorasi upaya hukum yang tersedia dalam menanggapi keputusan arbitrase yang final dan mengikat. Artikel ini terutama akan mengkaji Pasal 70 Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang pengaturan arbitrase dan alternatif penyelesaian sengketa. Selain itu, ini akan mengeksplorasi aturan terkait mengenai proses peninjauan kembali dengan alasan membatalkan hasil arbitrase. Karena pendekatan yuridis normatif diambil untuk penelitian, sumber sekunder memberikan informasi awal. Data primer berasal dari teks hukum primer, sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari bahan hukum sekunder. Berdasarkan temuan jurnal ini, dengan syarat yang diatur dalam Pasal 70 UU No. 30 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, Putusan Arbitrase dapat diajukan ke Pengadilan Negeri untuk Pembatalan Putusan Arbitrase. Menurut penelitian yang dipaparkan dalam jurnal ilmiah ini, sesuai dengan ketentuan yang dituangkan dalam Pasal 70 UU No. 30 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, Putusan Arbitrase dapat diajukan ke Pengadilan Negeri untuk membatalkan putusan tersebut.
Tinjauan Yuridis Akibat Hukum Bagi Debitor Yang Melakukan Wanprestasi Atas Kesepakatan Perdamaian Adithio, Stephano Ranno; Rifai, Anis; Shebubakar, Arina Novizas
Jurnal Bedah Hukum Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Bedah Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Boyolali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36596/jbh.v8i2.1116

Abstract

Perjanjian merupakan kesepakatan antara kreditur dan debitur, namun ada saja kegagalan dari salah satu pihak terutama debitur dalam melaksanakan kewajiban yang sebelumnya telah disetujui, dan kegagalan itu disebut perbuatan wanprestasi atau kelalaian. Adapun perbuatan debitur yang melakukan wanprestasi dapat terlihat dari putusan nomor 03/Pdt.Sus-Pembatalan Perdamaian/2020/PN. Niaga.Jkt.Pst jo Nomor 118/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Oleh karenanya penulis ingin mengangkat permasalahan seperti bagaimanakah akibat hukum bagi debitur yang telah melakukan wanprestasi terhadap perjanjian perdamaian? dan bagaimana upaya hukum kreditur akibat dari debitur yang telah melakukan wanprestasi terhadap perjanjian perdamaian pada perkara Perkara Nomor 03/Pdt.Sus-Pembatalan Perdamaian/2020/Pn.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Jounto Nomor 118/Pdt.Sus-Pkpu/2018/Pn.Niaga.Jkt.Pst? Metode penelitian pada tulisan ilmiah ini menggunakan analisis secara yuridis normatif dengan memakai data-data hukum dengan cara Open Source. Hasil dari penelitian menemukan pertama, akibat hukum debitur wanprestasi ialah dapat dibatalkannya suatu perjanjian Nomor 118/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst, dikarenakan debitur terutang telah lalai melaksanakan kewajibannya pada pembayaran tahapan pembayaran kedua, dimana debitur seharusnya membayar kewajiban sebesar Rp.4.500.000.000,- namun hanya dibayarkan Rp.1.000.000.000,- yang tentunya masih sangat kurang dari pembayaran yang telah ditentukan dalam akta perdamaian. Sehingga hal ini membuat kreditur melaksanakan pembatalan perjanjian perdamaian sesuai dengan Pasal 5 ayat ke 2 perjanjian perdamaian yang menyatakan perjanjian perdamaian dapat berakhir dengan sendirinya dalam hal telah terjadi wanprestasi oleh debitur. Hasil penelitian yang kedua, kreditur dapat mengajukan permohonan ke pengadilan niaga atas wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh pihak debitur dalam melakukan pembayaran hutang, adapun total hutang yang masih belum dibayarkan sebesar Rp.28.766.385.000,- dari Rp.41.266.385.000,- . Oleh karenanya berdasarkan dengan Pasal 170 Ayat 1 dari Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU, kreditur dapat menuntut suatu pembatalan dari adanya akta damai atau perjanjian damai yang telah disahkan, dikarenakan pihak debitur lalai.
Tinjauan Hukum terhadap Prosedur Pengembalian Barang (Retur) dengan Alasan Berubah Pikiran pada Layanan 'Garansi Bebas Pengembalian' di Marketplace Shopee Saputra, M. Bilal; Rifai, Anis; Lutfi, Anas
Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton
Publisher : Lembaga Jurnal dan Publikasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35326/pencerah.v10i3.5316

Abstract

Model pengembalian barang (retur) yang diterapkan marketplace Shopee pada layanan garansi ‘bebas pengembalian’ membuat Pembeli dapat secara bebas membatalkan transaksi jual-beli tanpa perlu persetujuan Penjual. Penulisan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian klausula syarat dan ketentuan ‘garansi bebas pengembalian’ Shopee dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan model penelitian yuridis-normative. Penelitian yuridis-normative berfokus dalam meneliti teori, asas, peraturan perundang-undangan, yurisprudensi, perjanjian/kontrak dan dokumen hukum lainnya sehingga objek dari penelitian hukum normative selalu berupa law in text books atau hukum yang tertulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Praktik model pengembalian barang atau retur produk di dalam layanan program ‘garansi bebas pengembalian’ pada platform aplikasi Shopee senyatanya telah menyediakan ruang bagi Pembeli untuk melakukan tindakan pemutusan perjanjian jual-beli secara sepihak dengan Merchant atau Penjual yang menjadi mitra marketplace Shopee. Pasal 1338 ayat (2) KUHPerdata mengisyaratkan pembatalan perikatan/perjanjian harus melalui kesepakatan para pihak sementara dalam praktik ‘bebas pengembalian’ Shopee, pihak merchant/penjual tidak dilibatkan padahal pihak Penjual yang paling dirugikan dari adanya pengajuan pengembalian barang yang dilakukan oleh Pembeli. Sehingga kesimpulannya praktik pengembalian barang (retur) pada layanan ‘bebas pengembalian’ milik Shopee tidak sesuai dengan Pasal 1338 KUHPerdata dan Pasal 69 ‘PP PMSE’.
HAK SEWA TANAH UNTUK BANGUNAN OLEH WARGA NEGARA ASING (WNA) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGUASAAN HAK ATAS TANAH DI INDONESIA Carona, Nina; Rifai, Anis; Shebubakar, Arina Novizas
LITIGASI Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/litigasi.v25i1.10632

Abstract

Land plays a crucial role in the life of Indonesian society and economy, particularly in tourist destinations like Bali. The establishment of businesses by foreign nationals in Bali, especially in the region of Badung Regency, has raised concerns regarding regulations governing land ownership. The Land Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Agrarian Affairs and Government Regulation Number 46 of 1996 strictly regulate land ownership by both Indonesian citizens (WNI) and foreign nationals (WNA), particularly in terms of land lease for building purposes. However, there remain uncertainties concerning the understanding of land lease agreements for buildings, including time limitations, lease extension, and the status of buildings constructed on leased land after the lease agreement expires. This study employs a normative juridical research method with a legislative approach to provide a better understanding of land ownership for WNAs in business development in Bali and Indonesia as a whole. Keywords:     Land Ownership, Land Lease for Building Purposes, Land Lease Agreements, Ease Agreements.
Sinergitas Aparat Penegak Hukum Dalam Memberantas Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Indonesia Sururoh, Yeni Lin; Sadino, Sadino; Rifai, Anis
JISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Vol 7, No 2 (2023): JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan) (Maret)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58258/jisip.v7i2.4923

Abstract

Currently, investigations into criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia are carried out by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), the Police and the Attorney General's Office. The three institutions have the authority to investigate corruption. This is regulated in Article 3 paragraph (1) Memorandum of Understanding Between the Corruption Eradication Commission, the Attorney General's Office, and the Police Number: SPS-97/01-55/03/2017, Number: KEP-087/A/JA/03/2017, Number : B/27/III/2017 dated 29 March 2017 However, in practice, these provisions do not work as they should, such as overlapping duties and authorities. There are 3 discussions of issues that are focused on in this study, namely how is the system for eradicating corruption in Indonesia's current positive law? what is the concept of a synergy system carried out by law enforcement officials (KPK, Police and Prosecutors' Office) in eradicating criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia? And what is the strategy of the Indonesian government in eradicating criminal acts of corruption in the future? The conclusion in this study is that the government together with the legislature has created a legal instrument that is used to eradicate criminal acts of corruption which is embodied by Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Laws -Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes. Several integration systems that can be carried out by the Attorney, Police and Corruption Eradication Commission in eradicating corruption include establishing an inter-institutional interaction system, establishing an operational work system and mechanism as well as establishing a monitoring and development system. The Indonesian government's strategy to prevent corruption in the future can be carried out through the integrity system within the scope of the KPK, the Police and the Attorney General's Office. Besides that, the KPK also has a special strategy in Corruption Eradication for the vision of Indonesia free from corruption, this strategy is known as the Trisula strategy, namely law of enforcement, law of prevention and law of education.
Legal Analysis of The Determination of Corruption Suspects Land Compensation For The Construction of The Padang Toll Road Rahmardiko, Tegha Arjuharrido; Rifai, Anis; Lutfi, Anas
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Vol. 5 No. 01 (2024): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jist.v5i01.858

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This paper intends to examine and analyse the determination of suspects by the high prosecutor's office in the land acquisition corruption case in the Padang - Sicincin Toll Road construction project. Research using a normative juridical approach reveals that legal instruments fail to show justice, where the determination of the suspect in this case is detrimental to the people. Therefore, according to the author, it is necessary to re-analyze the procedure for naming suspects by law enforcement officials so that legal certainty can be found and the decision to designate suspects does not harm the people. The results of this study showed that there are no definite legal provisions on how the prosecutor's office can determine a suspect. Choosing the suspect so far is still in a grey area because there are no explicit provisions regarding "preliminary evidence" to determine the suspect. On the other hand, the panel of judges, in their considerations, decided that the subsidiary charges were not proven and had not been legally and convincingly proven guilty of committing a criminal act. On the other hand, the panel of judges, in their considerations, decided that the subsidiary charges were not proven and had not been legally and convincingly proven guilty of committing a criminal act.
Langkah Hukum dalam Mendukung Proses Pemulihan Aset Perbankan BUMN Pasca Kasus Korupsi Latifansyah, Muhammad Anzar; Rifai, Anis; Sadino, Sadino
Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 27 No 2: Juni - November 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/aijih.v27i2.514

Abstract

This study aims to identify obstacles and formulate strategic measures to optimize asset recovery in the State-Owned Enterprises Banking sector post-corruption cases. This research employs a normative legal research method with a comparative approach, where the collected legal materials are analyzed qualitatively to describe the problems and answer the research objectives. The results show that asset recovery faces multidimensional challenges, including weaknesses in the legal framework, limitations in the capacity and integrity of law enforcement officers, lack of facilities and infrastructure, and efforts by the accused to avoid asset recovery. Optimizing asset recovery requires a comprehensive strategy encompassing the enactment of the Bill on Criminal Asset Forfeiture, strengthening the legal and institutional framework, enhancing the capacity and integrity of law enforcement, improving facilities and infrastructure, optimizing the civil route, and strengthening international cooperation. Therefore, it is recommended that the Government, Directors of State-Owned Enterprises Banking, the Asset Recovery Center, and law enforcement agencies undertake various optimization efforts, such as accelerating the enactment of the Bill on Criminal Asset Forfeiture, increasing the budget, strengthening corruption prevention systems, enhancing the competence of law enforcement officers, and strengthening international cooperation. Furthermore, the Public Prosecutor is expected to maximize the use of Article 18 of Law Number 31 of 1999 in indictments, enabling judges to issue optimal rulings for asset recovery in the State-Owned Enterprises Banking sector post-corruption cases.
OPTIMALISASI PROGRAM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL DALAM RANGKA PENDAFTARAN PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH BERDASARKAN DARI SURAT EDARAN MENTERI ATR BPN NO.5/SE-400.HK.02/II/2022 Akhir, Muhammad Rhobiul; Fuad, Fokky; Rifai, Anis
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.705

Abstract

The transition process in the process of buying and selling land requires the active participation of land buyers in the JKN-KIS program, so the buying and selling process will take quite a long time and seem complicated. The purpose of this study is to find out the legal consequences and obstacles encountered in implementing Circular Letter Number 5/SE-400.HK.02/II/2022 Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency in transferring land rights. This study uses empirical research using two research approaches, namely Sociology of Law and Legislation. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the implicit law of Circular Number 5/SE-400.HK.02/II/2022 Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency in the transfer of land rights is a delay in the completion and ownership of documents. Certificates, lack of legal certainty, emergence of disputes between PPAT and BPN, violation of legal standards regarding the implementation of BPJS requirements and the effect of ineffective service processes and no relevant rights between BPJS ownership and registration of land ownership. . The obstacles faced were complaints from PPAT that not all customers were registered as active BPJS participants and there was an exception for land certificates of 25% because the buyer did not meet the requirements as an active BPJS participant.
ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF COURT DECISIONS ON CUSTOMARY LAND DISPUTES IN INDONESIA Rijal, Nur; Fuad, Fokky; Rifai, Anis
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.708

Abstract

Customary land is one of the sources of agrarian conflicts that often occur in Indonesia. The government has attempted to resolve land disputes by involving the judiciary. However, the implementation of court decisions often does not meet the expectations of indigenous peoples, so the conflict continues. This study aims to analyze the implementation of court decisions on customary land claims in Indonesia. The method used is normative legal research with a case approach. This study uses secondary data from court decisions and related documents. The results of the research show that the implementation of court decisions on customary land disputes in Indonesia still faces various obstacles. Some of these obstacles include the ignorance of indigenous peoples about court decisions, the slow execution of decisions, and the lack of support from the government in enforcing court decisions. This study recommends the need for efforts to increase awareness of indigenous peoples regarding court decisions, accelerate the execution of decisions, and increase support from the government in enforcing court decisions. In addition, there is a need to formulate clear and firm regulations regarding the implementation of court decisions on customary land disputes in Indonesia.