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All Journal Hukum Islam Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Tawazun: Journal of Sharia Economic Law DAYAH: Journal of Islamic Education Al Ahkam Mu'amalat: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syari'ah El-Iqtishady Iqtishaduna : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah DIKTUM: JURNAL SYARIAH DAN HUKUM Indonesian Journal of Islamic and Social Science (IJISS) Jurnal Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam (JSEI) Usrotuna: Journal of Islamic Family Law JTA International Journal of Islamic Finance (IJIF) Landraad Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Al Ikhlas
Fahmi Makraja
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Religion Humanities Astronomy Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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PRAKTIK GALA UMONG  DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARIAH Makraja, Fahmi; Kefi Miftachul Ulum; Rangga Suganda; Rodhotun Nimah; Maulida Khairunnisa
Jurnal Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam Vol 3 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam
Publisher : FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN EKONOMI ISLAM IAI ALMUSLIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71025/q82fp508

Abstract

Abstract: The practice of gala umong carried out in the community is an alternative option in solving the economic problems they face. The fundamental reason for implementing gala umong among the community is because the process of carrying out the contract is very short and does not require a long time. Gala umong is a term often heard in Acehnese society which means pawn of rice fields. Gala umong is almost practiced throughout the entire Aceh region, including Gampong Pusu Ingin Jaya, Manggeng District, Southwest Aceh Regency. The practice of gala umong is carried out as an alternative in order to solve the economic problems they face. Gala gatherings are held between neighbors or close relatives. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by further exploring the practice of gala umong among the community. The results of this research show that the gala umong held in Pusu Ingin Jaya Village had a very big impact on the community's economic sector. The positive impact is that rice field owners can earn money in the near future to finance their daily needs, start a business and pay educational costs. The negative impact felt by rahin and murtahin is increasing social inequality and reducing farmers' livelihoods due to their rice fields being used as collateral. When viewed from a sharia economic perspective, the implementation of the gala umong that occurred in Pusu Ingin Jaya Village was not in accordance with the binding elements in it. There are some pledge requirements that have not been fulfilled, namely there is no written evidence and no witnesses. Keywords: Pawn, Akad Rahn, Gala umong,   Abstrak Praktik gala umong yang dilakukan di tengah masyarkat merupakan salah satu pilihan alternatif dalam meneyelesaikan permasalahan ekonomi yang dihadapinya. Alasan fundamental dilaksanakannya gala umong dikalangan masyarakat adalah karena proses pelaksanaan akadnya yang sangat singkat dan tidak memerlukan waktu yang lama. Gala umong merupakan sebutan yang sering terdengar di masyarakat Aceh yang berarti gadai sawah. Gala umong hampir dipraktikkan diseluruh wilayah Aceh termasuk Gampong Pusu Ingin Jaya Kecamatan Manggeng Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Praktik gala umong dilakukan sebagai alternatif dalam rangka menyelesaikan permasalah ekonomi yang dihadapinya. Gala umong dilakukan antar tetangga ataupun kerabat dekat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan menelusuri lebih jauh praktik gala umong di kalangan masyarkat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, gala umong yang dilakukan di gampong Pusu Ingin Jaya sangat sangat berdampak pada sektor perekonomian masyarakat. Dampak positifnya adalah para pemilik sawah dapat memperoleh uang dalam waktu dekat untuk membiayai kebutuhan sehari-hari, mudal usaha dan membayar biaya pendidikan. Adapun dampak negatifnya yang dirasakan oleh rahin dan murtahin adalah meningkatnya kesenjangan sosial dan mengurangi mata pencaharian petani akibat sawahnya dijadikan barang jaminan. Apabila dilihat dari perspektif ekonomi syariah pelaksanaan gala umong yang terjadi di gampong Pusu Ingin Jaya belum sesuai dengan unsur yang mengikat didalamnya. Terdapat sebagian dari syarat-syarat gadai yang belum terpenuhi yaitu tidak ada bukti tertulis dan tidak ada saksi.   Kata Kunci: Gadai, Akad Rahn, Gala umong
ANALISIS TERHADAP AKAD MUSYARAKAH MUTANAQISAH DAN PROBLEMATIKANYA DALAM PRAKTIK PERBANKAN SYARIAH Makraja, Fahmi; Elya Fitriyani; Nisa Afifah; Khadijatul Musanna
Jurnal Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam
Publisher : FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN EKONOMI ISLAM IAI ALMUSLIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71025/nfd6x974

Abstract

  The Musyarakah Mutanaqisah (MMQ) contract, as one of the increasingly popular financing products in Islamic banking, offers a unique alternative to asset ownership that is in line with sharia principles. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the MMQ contract, highlight its Sharia foundations, and identify and explore the issues that arise in its implementation in the field. The research methods used include literature review and qualitative analysis of fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), Islamic banking regulations, and practices observed in several Islamic banks. The analysis shows that, in theory, MMQ is built on three basic contracts that do not conflict with each other: the syirkah or musyarakah contract for partnership, the ijarah contract for lease, and the sale and purchase contract for transfer of ownership. The combination of the three forms an innovative financing structure. However, in practice, several crucial issues arise. One of these is the issue of al-Ijarah al-Mawsuqah bil-Bay', or lease followed by a promise of sale, which some contemporary scholars still debate its validity. Nevertheless, the DSN-MUI has issued a fatwa permitting this scheme under certain conditions and terms
Komparasi Hukum Pada Fatwa Cryptocurrency di Malaysia dan Timur Tengah Makraja, Fahmi; Mirza Al Fajri
Al-Muamalat Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 9 No 1 (2024): Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Syari'ah
Publisher : IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/muamalat.v9i1.8807

Abstract

Abstract Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that is used as a means of exchange for online transactions. The use of Cryptocurrency has become a hot issue in the world, considering the significant current of change in digital technology, so an in-depth study regarding Cryptocurrency law is very necessary. This research discusses legal comparisons on Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East. The aim of this research is to analyze and compare the legal status of Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East. The method used in this research is a comparative juridical approach. The research results show that there are differences between Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East, these differences are based on different legal reasons. In Malaysia, a study of sharia law explains that Cryptocurrency does not meet the criteria as a currency. In Egypt, the use of Cryptocurrency has the potential to damage the economic order considering that the transaction exchange medium used is not in accordance with Sharia law. In Pakistan, Cryptocurrency is against the terms of money set by FATT. In Saudi Arabia, Cryptocurrency opens up opportunities for illegal transactions and is contrary to Islamic economic rules. And Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's group gave a signal that it would allow the use of Cryptocurrency, but other groups opposed the use of Cryptocurrency as a medium of exchange or commodity. Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Malaysian Fatwa, Middle East
URGENSI MAQASID SYARIAH DALAM MENILAI TREN THRIFTING: SEBUAH SOLUSI ATAU ANCAMAN Fahmi Makraja; Elya Fitriyani; Nisa Afifah; Tajul Iflah; Raihan Putri
Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i1.61732

Abstract

Abstrak Tren thrifting, atau jual beli pakaian bekas, telah menjadi fenomena global yang populer, terutama di kalangan generasi muda. Fenomena ini didorong oleh berbagai faktor, mulai dari isu keberlanjutan lingkungan, ekonomi, hingga ekspresi gaya hidup. Namun, di balik popularitasnya, thrifting memunculkan berbagai pertanyaan etis dan moral, terutama ketika dianalisis dari perspektif Maqasid Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji urgensi Maqasid Syariah sebagai kerangka evaluasi yang komprehensif untuk menilai tren thrifting. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan studi pustaka, tulisan ini menganalisis fenomena thrifting dengan menimbang maslahat (manfaat) dan mafsadat (kerugian) yang ditimbulkannya. Hasil Penelitian ini menjawab bahwa berdasarkan analisis menggunakan Maqasid Syariah, tren thrifting memiliki dua sisi yang kontras. Sebagai solusi, thrifting sejalan dengan prinsip hifz al-mal (menjaga harta) karena menawarkan akses sandang yang terjangkau dan mengurangi limbah tekstil. Hal ini juga mendukung hifz al-bi'ah (menjaga lingkungan) dengan mempromosikan ekonomi sirkular. Namun, sebagai ancaman, thrifting berpotensi merusak hifz al-mal makro karena mengancam industri tekstil lokal. Selain itu, aspek hifz al-nafs (menjaga jiwa/kesehatan) dapat terabaikan jika pakaian bekas tidak disanitasi, dan dapat mendorong perilaku israf (pemborosan) yang bertentangan dengan etika Islam. Dengan demikian, thrifting adalah solusi hanya jika dilakukan secara etis dan bertanggung jawab. Kata Kunci: Thrifting, Maqasid Syariah, Keberlanjutan, Ekonomi Sirkular, Etika Islam.   Abstract The trend of thrifting, or buying and selling used clothing, has become a popular global phenomenon, especially among the younger generation. This phenomenon is driven by various factors, ranging from environmental sustainability issues, economics, to lifestyle expressions. However, behind its popularity, thrifting raises various ethical and moral questions, especially when analyzed from the perspective of Maqasid Syariah. This study aims to examine the urgency of Maqasid Syariah as a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing the thrifting trend. Using a qualitative approach and literature review, this paper analyzes the thrifting phenomenon by weighing the maslahat (benefits) and mafsadat (drawbacks) it entails. The findings of this study indicate that, based on an analysis using Maqasid Syariah, the thrifting trend has two contrasting sides. As a solution, thrifting aligns with the principle of hifz al-mal (preserving wealth) by offering affordable clothing and reducing textile waste. It also supports hifz al-bi'ah (preserving the environment) by promoting a circular economy. However, as a threat, thrifting has the potential to undermine macro hifz al-mal by jeopardizing the local textile industry. In addition, the aspect of hifz al-nafs (preserving life/health) can be neglected if used clothing is not sanitized, and can encourage israf (wasteful) behavior that is contrary to Islamic ethics. Thus, thrifting is a solution only if it is done ethically and responsibly. Keywords: Thrifting, Maqasid Syariah, Sustainability, Circular Economy, Islamic Ethics.
IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS DIGITAL DAN KONVENSIONAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI SDN 32 REJANG LEBONG Wijaya, Asep; Makraja, Fahmi
Jurnal Tarbiyah Almuslim Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Tarbiyah Almuslim
Publisher : Fakultas Tarbiyah IAI Almuslim Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71025/ggfw2s84

Abstract

  Abstract This research aims to determine the application of digital learning media and conventional learning media in PAI lessons at SDN 32 Rejang Lebong. This research uses a qualitative method, where the PAI teacher at SDN 32 Rejang Lebong is the primary source and books or journals are the secondary sources. Then the data collected was analyzed using the interactive model from Miles & Huberman. The results of the research show that the maximum application of digital learning media and conventional learning media has been carried out by PAI teachers. However, the application of digital learning media is only carried out when the material is difficult to explain and limited facilities are also other causes. The hope is that the school will provide more digital media to make it easier for teachers to teach. Meanwhile, conventional learning media is optimal, which is carried out by PAI teachers by taking advantage of the environment, but you need to pay attention when using this, there are not many students, a maximum of 15 students is enough so that the media can function optimally.   Keywords: Digital Learning Media, Conventional Learning Media, PAI   Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan media pembelajaran digital dan media pembelajaran konvensioanal pada pelajaran PAI di SDN 32 Rejang Lebong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yang mana guru PAI SDN 32 Rejang Lebong menjadi sumber primer dan buku ataupun jurnal yang menjadi sumber sekundernya. Kemudian data yang dikumpulkan di analisis dengan interactive model dari Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam penerapan dari media pembelajaran digital dan media pembelajaran konvensional maksimal yang sudah dilakukan oleh guru PAI. Namun pada penerepan media pembelajaran digital hanya dilakukan ketika materi sulit untuk dijelas serta fasilitas yang terbatas juga menjadi penyebab lainya. Harapannya pihak sekolah memberikan lebih banyak media digital agar memudah guru dalam mengajar. Sedangkan media pembelajarn konvensional sudah optimal yang dilakukan oleh guru PAI dengan memanfaat sekitar namun perlu di perhatikan ketika menggunakan ini siswanya tidak banyak, cukup maksimal 15 siswa agar media dapat berfungsi dengan optimal.         Kata kunci : Media Pembelajaran Digital, Media Pembelajaran Konvensional, PAI  
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL ASSURE BERBASIS VIDEO YOUTUBE DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN MATERI FATHU MAKKAH  DI TPA AL-FITRAH YOGYAKARTA Fatur Rahman; Fahmi Makraja; Mohammad Riefyal Moulana
Jurnal Tarbiyah Almuslim Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Tarbiyah Almuslim
Publisher : Fakultas Tarbiyah IAI Almuslim Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71025/xzaq2r47

Abstract

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the YouTube video-based ASSURE model in improving students' understanding of Fathu Makkah material at TPA Al-Fitrah. The method used is descriptive analytical with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and learning outcome tests. The results showed that the application of the ASSURE model consisting of six stages (Analyze Learners, State Objectives, Select Methods, Utilize Media, Require Learner Participation, and Evaluate and Revise) was successfully implemented systematically. The YouTube video media used contains Islamic history narratives with interesting visualizations and a duration of 7-10 minutes, proven to be able to increase students' interest in learning and understanding. The average pre-test score of 45% increased to 82% in the post-test. Observations and interviews showed an increase in participation and enthusiasm for learning. Technical constraints such as device and connection limitations are overcome through adaptive strategies. The conclusion of this study is that the YouTube video-based ASSURE model is effective as an alternative to learning Islamic history in the TPA environment, and is able to significantly improve understanding of the material.
ABORSI DI PERSIMPANGAN HUKUM DAN AGAMA: Perspektif Politik Hukum Kesehatan dan Islam di Indonesia Maulida Khairunnisa; Kefi, Kefi Miftachul Ulum; Fahmi Makraja; Rodhotun Nimah
Usrotuna: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Usrotuna: Journal of Islamic Family Law
Publisher : Taskuliah Edukasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The majority of people consider abortion as an act of murder because the fetus in the mother's womb has the right to live. Pregnancy outside of marriage in Indonesia continues to increase every year, often resulting in unwanted children, including those resulting from rape. This condition often leads to unsafe abortion because the child is considered a burden. This study aims to explain the political view of health law on abortion in Indonesia as well as the Islamic perspective. This type of research is a literature study with a normative juridical approach. The research is descriptive-analytical by describing relevant concepts to be analyzed to produce conclusions. Data were collected through analysis of legislation such as the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, Government Regulation No. 61 of 2014 on Reproductive Health, and Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024 as the implementation of the Health Law, as well as secondary sources in the form of books, journals, and other scientific articles. The results show that the politics of health law is an effort by policymakers to protect women and their reproductive health through the regulation of safe, quality, and responsible abortion. The act of abortion is strictly regulated and can only be performed by qualified health personnel in cases of indications of medical emergencies or pregnancy due to rape that has the potential to cause psychological trauma. However, abortion without medical reasons remains prohibited, both in Indonesian positive law and in the perspective of Islamic law. In conclusion, the politics of health law in Indonesia has an important role to play in balancing the protection of women's health with legal constraints and religious values, although social and ethical challenges remain significant issues. [Mayoritas masyarakat menganggap aborsi sebagai tindakan pembunuhan karena janin dalam kandungan ibu memiliki hak untuk hidup. Kehamilan di luar perkawinan di Indonesia terus meningkat setiap tahunnya, sering kali menghasilkan anak yang tidak diinginkan, termasuk akibat pemerkosaan. Kondisi ini sering berujung pada aborsi tidak aman karena anak dianggap sebagai beban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pandangan politik hukum kesehatan terhadap aborsi di Indonesia serta perspektif Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif-analitis dengan menggambarkan konsep-konsep yang relevan untuk dianalisis hingga menghasilkan kesimpulan. Data dikumpulkan melalui analisis peraturan perundang-undangan seperti Undang-Undang Dasar NRI 1945, Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, PP No. 61 Tahun 2014 tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi, dan PP No. 28 Tahun 2024 sebagai pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Kesehatan, serta sumber sekunder berupa buku, jurnal, dan artikel ilmiah lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa politik hukum kesehatan adalah upaya para pembuat kebijakan untuk melindungi perempuan dan kesehatan reproduksinya melalui regulasi aborsi yang aman, bermutu, dan bertanggung jawab. Tindakan aborsi diatur secara ketat dan hanya dapat dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan yang memenuhi syarat dalam kasus indikasi kedaruratan medis atau kehamilan akibat perkosaan yang berpotensi menyebabkan trauma psikologis. Namun, aborsi tanpa alasan medis tetap dilarang, baik dalam hukum positif Indonesia maupun dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Kesimpulannya, politik hukum kesehatan di Indonesia memiliki peran penting dalam menyeimbangkan perlindungan kesehatan perempuan dengan batasan hukum dan nilai-nilai agama, meskipun tantangan sosial dan etis tetap menjadi isu yang signifikan].
Co-Authors Abdul Mujib Afifah, Nisa Aidil Azhar Al Fajri, Mirza Deva Nabilah Elya Fitriyani Fatur Rahman fatur Rahman, fatur Fitri Yanti Fitriyani, Elya Imeldalius, Imeldalius Kefi Miftachul Ulum Kefi, Kefi Miftachul Ulum Khadijatul Musanna Maulida Khairunnisa Mirza Al Fajri Mohammad Riefyal Moulana Musanna, Khadijatul Nimah, Rodhotun Nisa Afifah Nur Hidayat Raihan Putri Ramlah Ramlah Rangga Suganda Rian Rahmad Ridha Aulia Riyan Auliyanda Safrizal Rodhotun Nimah Siti Sonya Nadzilla Suganda, Rangga Tajul Iflah Ulil Azmi Ulum, Kefi Miftachul Miftachul Wijaya, Asep