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All Journal Jurnal Adabiyah Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Khazanah Pengabdian Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab 'A Jamiy: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Loghat Arabi: Jurnal Bahasa Arab & Pendidikan Bahasa Arab DEVELOPMENT : Journal of Community Engagement Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran International Journal of Religion Education and Law Madani: Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal Dedication : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Innovative and Creativity Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Teknik (IDENTIK) AT-TAKLIM: Jurnal Pendidikan Multidisiplin Ulil Albab Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah Lentera: Journal of Islamic Studies Al-Kalimat: Journal of Linguistic and Arabic Teaching
Mohamad Harjum
Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Uslūb Majāz Aqlī Dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur’an: Kajian Struktural Dan Hermeneutis Zaputra, Mario Mega; Harjum, Mohamad; Miswar, Andi
Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Teknik Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): IDENTIK - Januari
Publisher : CV. SINAR HOWUHOWU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70134/identik.v3i1.1082

Abstract

Background: Majāz aqlī is one of the prominent rhetorical devices in the Qur’an, characterized by attributing an action to an agent other than its actual doer. When interpreted literally, this linguistic phenomenon may lead to misunderstanding and theological inaccuracies, making it necessary to examine its structural mechanisms and interpretive functions. Purpose of the Study: This study aims to analyze the structural patterns of Majāz aqlī and to examine its hermeneutical significance in Qur’anic interpretation. Methods: This research employs a qualitative library-based approach using a bayani linguistic framework. The data are derived from classical balaghah treatises, classical Qur’anic commentaries, and contemporary tafsir works. The analysis focuses on identifying patterns of attribution (isnād) and examining their implications for interpretation. Results: The study finds that Majāz aqlī in the Qur’an operates through systematic attribution to causes, places, objects, and instruments. Each structural pattern serves specific rhetorical and interpretive functions, such as emphasizing causality, highlighting outcomes, and enriching expressive meaning. Conclusions: Understanding Majāz aqlī is essential for preventing literalistic misinterpretation and theological error. This study demonstrates that Majāz aqlī functions not merely as a rhetorical ornament, but as a hermeneutical mechanism that bridges linguistic structure and theological meaning in Qur’anic interpretation.
Eksplorasi Gaya Bahasa Majāz Mursal sebagai Strategi Retorika dalam Dakwah Digital Berbahasa Arab Rahmayanti, Sri; Haniah, Haniah; Harjum, Mohamad; Fadillah Amin, Nur; Hamzah, Nur; Husnul Khatimah, A.
Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Vol 8 No 02 (2025): Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/masbyw37

Abstract

In the digital era, social media has become a strategic medium for disseminating Islamic da’wah with broad and transboundary reach. This condition requires the application of effective rhetorical strategies, one of which is the use of majāz mursal. This study aims to identify the forms of majāz mursal found in Arabic digital da’wah discourse and to explain their contribution to the effectiveness of da’wah communication. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a discourse analysis and Arabic rhetorical (balāghah) framework. The research data consist of five Arabic digital da’wah contents purposively selected from TikTok and Instagram platforms, including short motivational videos, kalām ḥikmah (words of wisdom), and da’wah captions. Data were collected through content documentation and semi-structured interviews with ten informants. Data analysis was conducted through several stages, namely identifying majāz expressions, classifying the types of majāz mursal based on semantic relationships, and interpreting their rhetorical functions within the context of digital da’wah. The findings indicate that majāz mursal with sababiyyah, musabbabiyyah, kulliyyah, and juz’iyyah relationships are dominantly employed to clarify moral messages, enhance linguistic aesthetics, and strengthen the persuasive power of da’wah. Therefore, the use of majāz mursal can be considered an applicative and effective rhetorical strategy in digital da’wah practices.
Uslub Al-Tasybih: Kajian Struktur dan Fungsinya dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur’an Saeed, Azhar Syauqy RM; Miswar, Andi; Harjum, Mohamad
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 3, No 10 (2025): November
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18228918

Abstract

This article examines in depth the structure and function of uslub al-tasybih in Qur'anic interpretation using the approach of 'ilm al-balagah. Tasybih, as one form of uslub al-bayan, plays an important role in clarifying meaning, embellishing expression, and strengthening the divine message within the text of the Qur'an. This study analyzes the pillars of tasybih (musyabbah, musyabbah bih, adat al-tasybih, and wajh al-syibh) and elaborates its rhetorical functions, which are classified into six forms: bayan imkan al-musyabbah, bayan hal al-musyabbah, bayan miqdar hal al-musyabbah, taqrir hal al-musyabbah, tazyin al-musyabbah, and taqbih al-musyabbah. The study employs a library research method, drawing on classical and contemporary works of Qur'anic exegesis.
MENYIBAK LAPISAN MAJĀZ ‘AQLĪY: KAJIAN TEORETIS DAN PEMBAGIANNYA Suci Nur Fadillah Yunus; Muhammad Harjum; M. Fatkhul Ulum
Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah (Januari 2026)
Publisher : PT. Saha Kreasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64788/ar-rasyid.v2i1.284

Abstract

The Arabic language possesses rich meanings and structures that allow the conveyance of messages both literally and figuratively. One important aspect in the study of balāghah is majāz ‘aqlī, which refers to the attribution of an action to a party that is not the actual doer, and can be understood through reason and logical consideration. This study aims to describe the definition, elements, and classification of majāz ‘aqlī, as well as its application in the Qur’anic text. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on library research, with data sources including classical balāghah texts and relevant journal articles. The results show that majāz ‘aqlī consists of four main elements: musnad, musnad ilayh, ‘alāqah, and qarīnah, and can be classified into several types based on the pattern of attribution, such as zamāniyyah (time), makāniyyah (place), sababiyyah (cause), al-maṣdariyyah (verbal noun), al-maf‘ūliyyah (object noun), and al-fā‘iliyyah (subject noun). Understanding majāz ‘aqlī enables readers to distinguish between literal and figurative meanings, comprehend implicit messages, and interpret Qur’anic verses accurately. This study contributes to enriching contemporary Arabic balāghah studies, particularly in stylistic expression and attribution of meaning, and supports the development of Arabic linguistic studies in Indonesia.
Fungsi Uslūb al-Qashr sebagai Penegasan Makna Nur Amirah Rifkah; Mohamad Harjum; Fatkhul Ulum
Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah (Januari 2026)
Publisher : PT. Saha Kreasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64788/ar-rasyid.v2i1.304

Abstract

The science of balaghah has an important role in understanding the beauty and accuracy of the meaning of the Arabic language, especially through the study of 'ilm al-ma'ani. One of the main discussions in this branch is uslūb al-qashr, which is a language style that functions to limit and affirm meaning through certain specializations. The study of qashr is important because this language style is widely used in Arabic texts, especially Al-Qur'an, to strengthen meaning and straighten understanding. This research aims to describe the concept of qashr systematically, including the meaning, elements, division, and customs or language tools used in its formation. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive with a literature study approach to classical and contemporary balaghah literature. Research results show that qashr functions as an effective rhetorical tool in affirming the meaning through the restriction of nature or maushuf, both in essence and idhafi. Qashr is divided into qashr haqiqi and qashr idhafi which includes qashr ifrad, qashr qalb, and qashr ta'yīn, and is realized through several qashr customs such as nafy wa istitsnā', lafaz innamā, the use of the letter 'athaf, and the introduction of sentence elements. The conclusion of this study confirms that the understanding of uslūb al-qashr is very important in the analysis of Arabic texts because it contributes greatly to the affirmation of the meaning and rhetorical power of language.
MENGUAK RAHASIA MAKNA HAKIKI DAN MAJAZI DALAM KALAM KHABAR Rinikmawati H; Mohamad Harjum
AT-TAKLIM: Jurnal Pendidikan Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 12 (2025): At-Taklim: Jurnal Pendidikan Multidisiplin (Edisi Desember)
Publisher : PT. Hasba Edukasi Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71282/at-taklim.v2i12.1388

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguak rahasia makna hakiki dan majazi dalam Kalam Khabar. Kalam Khabar merupakan bagian dari pembahasan Ilmu Ma'ani dalam disiplin Balaghah. Ilmu Balaghah sendiri adalah ilmu yang membahas keindahan susunan kata bahasa Arab agar perkataan sesuai dengan tujuannya. Kalam Khabar didefinisikan sebagai perkataan yang mengandung kemungkinan benar (sesuai kenyataan) atau dusta (tidak sesuai kenyataan). Secara umum, tujuan pengungkapan Kalam Khabar dibagi menjadi dua makna hakiki (tujuan sebenarnya): Faidah al-Khabar: Memberi tahu kepada lawan bicara mengenai hukum yang terkandung dalam pembicaraan karena mereka belum tahu sama sekali. Lazimul Khabar (Lazimul Faidah): Memberi tahu bahwa si pembicara mengetahui hukum yang terkandung di dalamnya, diucapkan kepada orang yang sudah tahu isinya agar tidak mengira si pembicara tidak tahu berita tersebut. Selain itu, Kalam Khabar juga memiliki Makna Majazi (tujuan tersirat/kiasan) yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan makna lain. Beberapa tujuan majazi tersebut antara lain: Al-Fakhr (kebanggaan), Izhar al-Dha'f (menampakkan kelemahan), Al-Tahassur (penyesalan), dan Al-Istirham (memohon belas kasih). Adapun macam-macam Kalam Khabar diklasifikasikan berdasarkan keadaan mitra tutur (mukhatab) dan cara penyampaiannya: Khabar Ibtida'i: Digunakan ketika mukhatab bebas (tidak tahu) dari hukum, disampaikan tanpa penguat (taukid). Khabar Thalabi: Digunakan ketika mukhatab ragu-ragu, disampaikan dengan satu taukid. Khabar Inkari: Digunakan ketika mukhatab mengingkari isi berita, wajib disertai penguat (satu atau lebih) sesuai tingkat keingkarannya.
USLUB AL-KINAYAH: MAKNA ẒĀHIR DAN MAKNA BĀṬIN Iyasyah Latuconsina; Muhammad Harjum; M. Fatkhul Ulum
AT-TAKLIM: Jurnal Pendidikan Multidisiplin Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): At-Taklim: Jurnal Pendidikan Multidisiplin (Januari 2026)
Publisher : PT. Hasba Edukasi Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71282/at-taklim.v3i1.1601

Abstract

This study aims to analyze kināyah as a rhetorical device in Arabic balāghah, particularly within ʿilm al-bayān, in order to explain its forms, functions, and applications in the Qur’an, Hadith, and classical Arabic literature. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method using documentation techniques, with data sourced from clas-sical rhetorical works and primary religious texts. Data analysis is conducted by identifying kināyah expressions, examining their literal meanings, and interpreting their implied meanings based on contextu-al, linguistic, and theological perspectives. The results indicate that kināyah functions not only to beautify language but also to maintain politeness, convey sensitive meanings indirectly, and enrich semantic depth. Moreover, kināyah plays a strategic role in religious and liter-ary discourse by presenting ethical messages in a refined manner, demonstrating that it is an essential rhetorical element in effective Arabic communication.
Minimalisme, Verbositas, Dan Keseimbangan: Analisis Perbandingan Antara Ijaz, Ithnab, Dan Musawah Dalam Struktur Kalam Arab Sitti Sarkiah; Abdul Rachman Arsyad; Mohamad Harjum
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v5i2.2017

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan tiga konsep utama dalam struktur kalām Arab yaitu Ījāz, Iṭnāb, dan Musāwah sebagai bagian dari kajian balāghah. Ketiganya tidak hanya berperan dalam memperindah gaya bahasa, tetapi juga menentukan efektivitas makna dalam komunikasi linguistik Arab. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka. Ījāz merujuk pada penyampaian makna yang padat dan ringkas; Iṭnāb menunjukkan ekspansi makna dengan penambahan yang memiliki tujuan estetis dan argumentatif; sementara Musāwah menekankan keseimbangan antara jumlah lafaz dengan kedalaman makna. Hasil kajian menegaskan bahwa ketiga konsep tersebut memperlihatkan fleksibilitas bahasa Arab serta nilai estetikanya dalam membentuk komunikasi retoris yang efektif dan bermakna.
Uslub al-Kināyah antara Ketertutupan Makna dan Kekuatan Sugesti: Studi Retoris terhadap Gaya Bahasa Arab Abdul Mushawwir; Dr. Hj. Haniah, Lc., M.A.; Dr. Mohammad Harjum, M.Ag.
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v5i2.2043

Abstract

Uslub al-kināyah merupakan salah satu gaya bahasa dalam ilmu balāghah yang memiliki fungsi komunikatif tinggi dalam menyampaikan makna secara halus dan tidak langsung. Dalam konteks bahasa Arab, khususnya dalam Al-Qur’an, gaya ini digunakan untuk mengungkapkan nilai-nilai moral dan spiritual tanpa menimbulkan kesan vulgar. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji pengertian, klasifikasi, dan fungsi kināyah, serta menelaah penerapannya dalam ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa kināyah tidak hanya memperindah gaya bahasa, tetapi juga menjadi sarana retoris dan edukatif yang memperkuat pesan dalam komunikasi klasik Arab. Pemahaman terhadap kināyah sangat penting untuk mengungkap makna tersirat dalam teks-teks keislaman, sekaligus memperkaya wawasan linguistik dan tafsir.
Mengurai Keindahan Isti’arah: Analisis Struktur Retoris dan Fungsinya dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur’an Megawati, Megawati; Harjum, Mohammad; Mardan, Mardan
El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat  Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Studies of isti‘ārah in balāghah often limit themselves to formal definitions and classifications, so that its rhetorical function and role in interpreting the Qur’an have not been comprehensively explored. Previous studies generally treat isti‘ārah as a linguistic ornament, without linking it deeply to the formation of meaning and spiritual messages in verses. This weakness prompted this study to present an approach that emphasizes the integration between the structure of isti‘ārah and its rhetorical function in the interpretation of the Qur'an. The purpose of this study is to explain the concept, form, and function of isti‘ārah and its contribution in clarifying meaning, strengthening moral messages, and displaying the beauty of the language of the Qur'an. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive method through literature study and text analysis of Qur'anic verses. The results show that isti‘ārah plays an important role as a pedagogical, rhetorical, and aesthetic medium in the interpretation of the Qur'an. In conclusion, isti‘ārah is a primary instrument for meaning formation, not merely a figure of speech.
Co-Authors Abdul Mushawwir Abdul Rachman Arsyad Abdullah Abdullah Adji Saputra Cendana Afifuddin Andi Abdul Hamzah, Andi Abdul Andi Miswar Andi Putri Aunillah Filayati Anwar Abd Rahman Apriliyanti, Bunga Baso Pallawagau Dr. Hj. Haniah, Lc., M.A. Fadillah Amin, Nur Fatkhul Ulum Firdaus Firdaus Haniah Haniah Harisah, Afifuddin Husni Mubarak Husnul Khatimah, A. Iyasyah Latuconsina Kamaluddin Abunawas Kastang, Aprilia Khaerun Nisa Nuur Khaliq, Muh Fihris Lisa Natalia, Lisa Lukman Saraji M. Fatkhul Ulum Mardan Megawati - Moh Rafli Muhammad Nur Abduh Muhammad Saleh Muhammad Saleh MUHAMMAD YUSUF Muhsin Najmuddin Abd Safa Noor Aziziah Nur Amirah Rifkah Nur Hamzah Nurkhalis A Gaffar Nuur, Khaerun Nisa Rahman, Anwar Abd. Rinikmawati H Saeed, Azhar Syauqy RM Sitti Sarkiah Sri Rahmayanti, Sri Sriwahyuni Suci Nur Fadillah Yunus Ulum, M. Fatkhul Wahyudi, Awal Yamin, Yelsa Putri Zaputra, Mario Mega