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Analysis of the Legal Substance of Indonesia's Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT): Balance of Rights and Obligations Based on National Interest Mira Nila Kusuma Dewi; Nurul Miqat; Sahlan; Sunardi Purwanda
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 002 (2024): Pena Justisia (Special Issue)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i3.5619

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Indonesia's Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) Law: Protection of National Interests and Balance of Rights and Obligations of Investors. This research is a type of normative research that will examine and analyze the Bilateral Investment Treaty which provides a balance between rights and obligations based on Indonesia's national interests. The data collection technique through primary legal materials, secondary and tertiary legal materials that have been collected is invertarily, processed and studied in depth so that an overview of the legal issues being studied is obtained. Data analysis is legal material that has been processed and then analyzed using qualitative methods with content analysis techniques. The results of this study conclude that Indonesia's BIT which is in force until now generally still uses the old BIT model which often causes problems with other parties in the agreement, one of which is a lawsuit through ICSID filed by investors from countries that are partners in the Agreement. Sometimes the value of claims sued by investors is sometimes too large to burden the state's finances. This is what encourages the Indonesian side to review the content of the BIT that has been made. Many BITs have been stopped and some have been amended to avoid an imbalance of rights and obligations between investors and the state. Indonesia's BIT that will be created or is currently in force can be amended by including clauses that contain human rights values, environmental protection, sustainability and economic benefits
Restorative Justice Approaches in Criminal Law: Effectiveness and Societal Perceptions in Contemporary Legal Systems I Made Artana; Tomi Apra santosa; Ahmad Aswar Roa; Andi Bustamin Daeng Kunu; Nurul Miqat
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i1.6459

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the restorative justice approach in the contemporary criminal law system and examine public perception of its application. Restorative justice is an alternative approach to the retributive criminal law system that emphasizes the restoration of relationships between perpetrators, victims, and society through dialogue, mediation, and shared responsibility. In recent decades, this approach has been widely adopted in various countries in response to the limitations of the conventional criminal system in resolving conflicts in an ongoing manner. The research methods used include qualitative studies through legal policy analysis, case studies, and empirical literature review on restorative justice programs in a number of jurisdictions. The results of the study show that the restorative justice approach has significant effectiveness in reducing recidivism rates, increasing victim satisfaction, and strengthening social cohesion. However, public perceptions of this approach still vary, influenced by factors of legal culture, the level of public trust in law enforcement agencies, and the understanding of the concept of inclusive justice. This study recommends the need for strengthening regulations, training for law enforcement officials, and public education as a prerequisite for the effective integration of restorative justice in the modern criminal justice system
Dampak Perkawinan Anak Dibawah Umur Terhadap Perceraian Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 Miqat, Nurul
Lex Librum : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 2016: Volume 2 Nomor 2 Juni 2016
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Sumpah Pemuda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46839/lljih.v2i2.69

Abstract

UU No.1 tahun 1974 mengatakan bahwa "perkawinan adalah ikatan lahir dan batin antara seorang pria dan seorang wanita sebagai suami istri dengan tujuan membentuk keluarga (rumah tangga) yang bahagia dan kekal berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang maha Esa". Bagi perkarwinan yang boleh melangsungkan perkawinan adalah mereka yang telah memenuhi batasan usia untuk melangsungkan perkawinan, seperti yang tertera dalam Pasal 7 ayat I UU No.l Tahun 1974. Batas usia untuk melangsungkan perkarwinan itu pria sudah berusia 19 (Sembilan Belas )dan wanita sudah berusia 16 (enam belas) Tahun. Secara eksplisit ketentuan tersebut dijeiaskan bahwa setiap perkawinan yang dilakukan sebelum batas umur tersebut maka disebut "Perkawinan dibawah umur" atau biasa pula dikenal dengan istilah pernikahan dini. kata Kunci: Anak di bawah Umur, Perkawinan. Abstract: Law number 1 of 1974 Regading Marriage states that "marriage is a spiritual and the physical bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife, with the aim to establish a happy and everlasting family (household) upon the divinity of God. According to the article 7 paragraph 1 of law No.1 of 1974, marriage is allowed for thosewhose have met the age limit, which for man is 19(nineteen) years old and for woman is 16(sixteen) years old. Subsequently, the provision explicitly explained that any marriages performed before the age limit so called "under age marriage" or also commonly known as early marriage. Daftar Pustaka Buku: Ida Bagoes Mantra. 2008, Filsafat Penelitian dan Metode Penelitian Sosial, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta. Komaria,. 2010, Hukum Perdata, Univ Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang Moch Isnaeni, Hukum perkawinan Indonesia, 2016, Surabaya Muhammad Abdulkadir, 2010, Hukum Perdata Indonesia, Citra Aditya, Bandung Nasution, 1988, Metode Naturalosti Kualitatif. Tarsito, bandung R.Subekti, 1985, Pokok-Pokok Hukam Perdata, Intermasa, Jakarta. Riduan Syahrani, 1992, Seluk beluk Dan Asas-asas Hukum Perdata, Alumni, Bandung Simanjuntak, 2008. Hukum Perdata Indonesia, Jakarta, Djambatan Sugiyono. 2007. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan, pendekaton kuantitatif kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta, bandung Taufiqurrahman Syahuri. 2015. Legalisasi Hukum perkawinan Di Indonesia. Jakarta. Prenadamedia Group Zainuddin Ali.2006. Hukum Perdata Islam Di Indonesia. Sinar grafika, Jakarta Peraturan Perundang-undangan : Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata Undang-Undang Perkawinan No 1. Th 1974
Penerapan Prinsip Keadilan Dalam Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) Atas Pembatalan Akta Hibah Oleh Pengadilan Razaq, Abdu; Susilawati, Susi; Miqat, Nurul; Crystalia, Mega
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 4 No. 11 (2025): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, November 2025
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v4i11.4908

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the application of the principle of justice in the legal accountability of Land Deed Officials (PPAT) concerning the annulment of deed of gift (hibah) by courts in Indonesia. The increasing number of annulments of gift deeds by the Supreme Court reflects a tension between the legal certainty of authentic deeds and substantive justice for the parties involved, particularly the heirs. This research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory, conceptual, and case approach. Data were collected through library research on primary legal materials such as legislation and court decisions, as well as secondary legal materials including books, journals, and expert opinions. The analysis was conducted qualitatively using a deductive method to interpret land law norms within the concrete cases of deed annulment. The findings reveal that the application of Aristotle’s distributive and corrective justice principles serves as the foundation for assessing the validity and fairness of gift deeds. Courts may annul formally valid deeds if they are proven to violate the principle of proportionality and harm the heirs’ rights, affirming that substantive justice prevails over administrative certainty. In this context, PPATs are not merely administrative officials but also act as guardians of substantive justice in land law practices. The study underscores the need for policy reform and the strengthening of PPAT professional ethics to ensure that deed-making procedures consider moral and social aspects of justice. Further research is recommended to adopt an empirical approach to evaluate public perceptions of justice in gift and land practices.
The Fate of Indigenous Peoples' Rights Recognition After the Enactment of the National Criminal Code Sunardi Purwanda; Nurul Asyikeen Binti Abdul Jabar; Rudini Hasyim Rado; Nurul Miqat
Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (November, 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcls.v9i2.36636

Abstract

This recognition requires further regulation through a Government Regulation and serves as a procedural requirement for being acknowledged as indigenous peoples. The purpose of this article is to provide us an overview of how the recognition requirements for indigenous peoples as outlined in legislation, both before and after the enactment of the Criminal Code. Additionally, it examines the struggles of indigenous peoples in Ecuador, who have organized themselves into indigenous groups to fight for the rights that have been taken away from them. This research employs a statutory approach, a comparative approach, and an interdisciplinary approach in law commonly referred to as socio-legal research. As a result of this, indigenous peoples often find themselves in a weak position relative to the dominant authority of the state. The government needs to provide political recognition affirming that indigenous peoples are equal legal subjects with the state and possess the capacity to act legally to represent their interests as indigenous groups. With the enactment of the National Criminal Code set for 2026, this recognition may pave the way for indigenous peoples to become equal parties when engaging with the state in matters of customary criminal law. Additionally, the indigenous movement in Ecuador serves as a significant point of reflection. Their ability to unite indigenous peoples and nations under a national framework has profoundly influenced the political and legal landscape.