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All Journal JURNAL LITIGASI (e-Journal) FIAT JUSTISIA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum LEGALITY Jurnal Selat Jurnal Hukum Respublica Jambe Law Journal Bina Hukum Lingkungan Recital Review Riau Journal of Empowerment Jurnal Sains Sosio Humaniora WAJAH HUKUM JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Mendapo: Journal of Administrative Law DATIN LAW JURNAL Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) Administrative and Environmental Law Review AS-SIYASI JOURNAL OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Prosiding Seminar Nasional Program Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh Jurnal Citizenship Virtues Bina Hukum Lingkungan Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Riau Law Journal Jurnal Karya Abdi Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi JURNAL PENGABDIAN PENDIDIKAN MASYARAKAT (JPPM) Journal of Constitutional Law Society (JCLS) Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum Journal of Law and Legal Reform Indonesian State Law Review (ISLRev) JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies)
Eko Nuriyatman
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jambi
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Journal : Journal of Constitutional Law Society (JCLS)

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WOMEN'S FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF DIGITAL CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT PEREMPUAN DALAM BINGKAI HUKUM KONSTITUSI DIGITAL Fatimah, Siti; Nuriyatman, Eko; MS, Nuruzzaman
Constitutional Law Society Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Pusat Studi Konstitusi dan Perundang-undangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36448/jcls.v4i2.109

Abstract

The digital transformation has reshaped the landscape of freedom of expression, creating new opportunities for participation while also exposing women to structural, normative, and cultural challenges. In Indonesia, although Article 28E of the 1945 Constitution guarantees these rights, the digital environment remains unsafe due to weak legal safeguards, gender-blind regulations, and entrenched patriarchal norms. Online gender-based violence or OGBV, including cyber harassment, doxing, and non-consensual image distribution, continues to silence women, while the misuse of the Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) Law has frequently criminalized victims instead of providing protection. This article employs a normative-conceptual and comparative legal approach to assess these gaps. Case studies, such as the criminalization of women under the ITE Law, reveal how existing frameworks fail to address gender-specific vulnerabilities. A comparative perspective with the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Australia’s Online Safety Act 2021 highlights best practices for safeguarding women’s digital rights through strong data protection and proactive victim-centered mechanisms. The study argues for gender-responsive digital constitutional reform in Indonesia, including legal clarification, enhanced digital literacy, strengthened data protection, and progressive constitutional interpretation. Such reforms are essential to transform formal guarantees into substantive protections and ensure that women’s freedom of expression is meaningfully realized in a democratic digital society. This article offers a unique contribution by integrating Indonesian case studies of women’s criminalization under the ITE Law with comparative perspectives from the EU’s GDPR and Australia’s Online Safety Act. Unlike existing literature that remains largely descriptive, this study provides a prescriptive-analytical framework for gender-responsive digital constitutional reform. It bridges constitutional law, digital rights, and gender justice, presenting concrete pathways to transform formal guarantees into substantive protections for women’s freedom of expression.
Co-Authors Abd Aziz, Hartinie Afif Syarif Afriyana Usman, Nursina Afrizal Nehemia Toscany Agus Irawan Ardiyanti, Dwi Arrie Budhiartie Arrie Budhiartie Ashilsyah, Maulidhiyo Aprarel Bela Dhyta, Nova Dita Rizqi Adelia Dwi Arita Deli, Mutia Dwi Suryahartati Elita Rahmi Eria Blencisca, Tara Fauzani Raharja, Ivan Fauzi Syam Fitria Fitria Hapsa Hapsa Haq, Muhammad Izzul Hartati Hartati Haryadi Haryadi Helmi Helmi Hernanda, Trias Ismi Fadjriah Hamzah Ivan Fauzani Raharja Izzati, Tazkiya Isya Kadir, Nor Aida binti Ab Kamid Kamid Kurnia Putra, Akbar Kurniawan, Dwi Agus Latifah Amir Lili Naili Hidayah Mujib, M Misbahul Mukhlash Abrar Mulia, Jingga Muskibah Muskibah Naili Hidayah , Lili Nisa, Firda Khoirun Nur Haida, Rendi Syaputra Nuruzzaman MS Permatasari, Bunga Permatasari, Bunga Purwaningdyah Purwaningdyah Putri Ayu, Endang Rahardja, Ivan Fauzani Rahman, Rofi Aulia Rakhmawati, Dessy Ratna Dewi Repindowaty Harahap, Rahayu Rodiyah - Rts Fanny Inayah Rustian Mushawirya Ruswandi , Melia Rizki Saputra , Benny Siti Fatimah Sitompul, Meline Gerarita SITTA SARAYA Sri Wahyu Kridasakti Sukamto Satoto Syamsir Syamsir Taefur, Mohamad Azkal Teguh Yuwono Wahyu Nugroho Wedhatami, Bayangsari Widya Cholid Wahyudin Windarto Windarto Yuhana, Ersa Yuherman Yuherman Zulham Adamy