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Borax Content of Meatballs in Market X Area Surabaya Indonesia Zukrisningtyas, Liza Fajrin; Narwati, Narwati; Hermiyanti, Pratiwi; Marlik, Marlik
International Journal of Advanced Health Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 6 (2023): December
Publisher : Forum Ilmiah Teknologi dan Ilmu Kesehatan (FORITIKES)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijahst.v3i6.302

Abstract

Borax was still utilized in the process of making food, one of which was making meatballs. Meatball traders added borax to extend the short shelf life of meat and increase the chewy texture, as well as to give the meatballs a more white color. The research objective was to analyze the borax content of meatball samples in market X Surabaya, Indonesia in 2023. Analytical observational research method, the variables studied were the physical quality of meatballs and the borax content in meatballs. The object of this research was 12 meatballs sold by all vendors in Market X Surabaya, Indonesia. The results of the organoleptic test researched obtained 4 meatball samples (34%) with good assessment criteria, most of the 7 meatball samples (58%) with sufficient assessment criteria, and 1 meatball sample (8%) with poor assessment criteria. Laboratory test results 1 meatball sample (8%) contained borax, with physical characteristics of chewy texture, pale gray color, tart taste, and fishy smell. The conclusion of this studied was that 1 out of 12 samples had physical characteristics of meatballs containing borax and borax content was related to the organoleptic test with a significant valued of p-value = 0. 032. Suggestions for traders to used alternative ingredients to replaced borax, namely carrageenan (seaweed) to improved the physical quality of meatballs in terms of texture, color, and smell.
Detection of Borax by Rapid Test Method in Crackers Sold in the Market, Jenangan District Ervalia Zamilanti, Zilca; Narwati, Narwati; Marlik, Marlik; Rusmiati, Rusmiati; Nurmayanti, Demes
International Journal of Advanced Health Science and Technology Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): June
Publisher : Forum Ilmiah Teknologi dan Ilmu Kesehatan (FORITIKES)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijahst.v4i3.332

Abstract

Boraks merupakan bahan tambahan yang dilarang karena berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan manusia. Boraks dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada sistem saraf pusat, fungsi ginjal dan hati, bahkan kematian. Penggunaan boraks pada kerupuk ditemukan di Pasar Surakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan boraks pada kerupuk yang beredar di Pasar Kecamatan Jenangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji organoleptik dan uji kualitatif boraks dengan penelitian deskriptif. Objek penelitian ini adalah produk kerupuk yang dijual di Pasar Kecamatan Jenangan dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling berdasarkan jumlah kerupuk dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 21 kerupuk. Uji organoleptik meliputi pemeriksaan menggunakan indra manusia dengan mengamati tekstur, warna, bau, dan rasa kerupuk. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa dari 21 sampel kerupuk yang diperiksa, 3 sampel memiliki warna agak kusam, dan 7 sampel sulit dihancurkan. Uji kualitatif boraks dengan metode rapid test mengacu pada uji boraks kurkumin. Hasil uji kualitatif boraks menunjukkan bahwa 14,3% sampel masih menggunakan boraks dalam pengolahan kerupuk. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya perubahan warna kertas kurkumin dari kuning menjadi merah bata. Pemanfaatan boraks masih terdapat pada kerupuk dengan ciri tekstur sulit dihancurkan dan warna terlihat kusam. Oleh karena itu, masyarakat diimbau untuk lebih memahami ciri-ciri kerupuk yang mengandung boraks untuk menjaga kesehatannya.
Potential of Noni Leaf Extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) As Aedes aegypti Mosquito Repellent Nurmayanti, Demes; Fithriyah, Lailatul; Ngadino, Ngadino; Sulistio, Irwan; Wardoyo, Slamet; Marlik, Marlik; Setiawan, Mahawiraja
Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 1: MARCH 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30597/mkmi.v20i1.27652

Abstract

Dengue fever is transmitted every year by the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Indonesia. One way to prevent this is by using repellents, such as the noni leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.). The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of the noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf extract as a repellent against Aedes aegypti. The study employed a post-test research design with only a control group, using concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, and 37.5%, and 25 mosquitoes with 6 repetitions. The technique for data collection involved counting mosquitoes that perched on hands. The study was conducted from November 2022 to May 2023. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Anova One Away Post Hoc and the power protection formula. The research on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that perched for 6 hours showed that the noni leaf extract concentration of 37.5% had an average of 2.5 tails perched. The concentration of the noni leaf extract is 37.5%, according to the Pesticide Committee standard (1995). The average protection power for 6 hours is 90.86%. The study also suggests investigating the side effects of use and the addition of an HPMC gelling agent. However, for concentrations of 12.5% and 25%, the protective power is less than 90%. This study shows that concentrations of 37.5% are effective for repelling Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Further research can be conducted using old or yellowed leaves, as well as for repelling culex and Anopheles mosquitoes.
Peningkatan Hygiene Dan Sanitasi Depot Air Minum Di Kelurahan Jemur Wonosari Kecamatan Wonocolo Kota Surabaya Marlik, Marlik; Kriswandana, Ferry; Thohari, Imam; Nurmayanti, Demes
Lumbung Inovasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/linov.v9i1.1530

Abstract

Air minum bersumber PDAM yang dikonsumsi masyarakat belum memenuhi persyaratan apabila diminum/dikonsumsi secara langsung oleh masyarakat. Upaya peningkatan kualitas air minum melalui Depot Air Minum (DAM) melalui Penyuluhan Kesehatan Masyarakat bertujuan untuk mendorong dan mengkondisikan pengusaha atau pengelola Depot Air Minum melakukan upaya perbaikan kualitas air minum sehingga mampu menyediakan air minum yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan di masyarakat di Kelurahan Jemur Wonosari, Surabaya, dengan cara meningkatkan hygiene dan sanitasi Depot Air Minum. Pendekatan kegiatan PKM melalui sosialisasi dan penyuluhan yang diberikan kepada 15 pemilik Depot Air Minum dan masyarakat sekitar selanjutnya menggunakan metode analisis data secara deskriptif dan paired t-test. Sebagai indikator keberhasilan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan Kesehatan masyarakat ini adalah terjadinya perubahan perilaku pengelola/pengusahan Depot Air Minum sehingga akan meningkatkan hygiene sanitasi DAM, sehingga dapat menghilangkan kontaminasi Coliform dan E. coli dalam air minum yang diidentifikasi melalui pemeriksaan rutin kualitas air minum setiap 6 bulan dan pemeliharaan peralatan Depot secara rutin. Dengan demikian masyarakat akan mendapatkan kualitas air minum yang memenuhi persyaratan dan terhindar dari resiko penyakit akibat penyediaan air minum yang kurang sehat. Meningkatnya kepercayaan masyarakat akan kualitas air minum yang dihasilkan oleh Depot Air Minum akan memberikan keuntungan finansial bagi pengusaha/pengelola. Improving Hygiene and Sanitation of Drinking Water Depots in Jemur Wonosari Village, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City Abstract: Drinking water sourced from PDAM consumed by the community does not meet the requirements if it is drunk/consumed directly by the community. Efforts to improve the quality of drinking water through Drinking Water Depots (DAM) through Public Health Education aim to encourage and condition entrepreneurs or managers of Drinking Water Depots to make efforts to improve the quality of drinking water so that they are able to provide drinking water that meets health requirements in the community in Jemur Wonosari Village, Surabaya , by improving hygiene and sanitation at the Drinking Water Depot. The approach to PKM activities is through socialization and counseling given to 15 Drinking Water Depot owners and the surrounding community, then using descriptive data analysis methods and paired t-test. As an indicator of success in implementing this public health education activity, there is a change in the behavior of the management/operator of the Drinking Water Depot so that it will improve the sanitation hygiene of the DAM, so that it can eliminate Coliform and E.coli contamination in drinking water which is identified through routine checks of drinking water quality every 6 months. and routine maintenance of Depot equipment. In this way, people will get quality drinking water that meets the requirements and avoid the risk of disease due to unhealthy drinking water supplies. Increasing public confidence in the quality of drinking water produced by the Drinking Water Depot will provide financial benefits for entrepreneurs/managers.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Desa Barengkarajan, Kecamatan Krian, Kabupaten Sidoarjo Dalam Implementasi PHBS Dalam Program Percepatan ODF (Open Devecation Free) Melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mewujudkan Pencegahan Penyakit Menular Tahun 2024 Suryono, Hadi; Marlik, Marlik; Winarko, Winarko; Nurmayanti, Demes
Lumbung Inovasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/linov.v9i3.2088

Abstract

Sarana prasarana pembuangan tinja harus dimiliki setiap rumah, dari data kejadian diare pada balita Desa Barengkrajan, Kecamatan Krian, Kabupaten Sidoarjo dari tahun 2020 sampai 2022 terjadi peningkatan. Jumlah kasus di tahun 2020 ada 1.147 kasus, tahun 2021 terdapat 1.164 kasus, terjadi peningkatan 43 kasus pada tahun 2022 jadi total kasus diare sebanyak 1.207. Berdasarkan survei di rumah penduduk jarak air bersih dengan sumber pencemar kurang dari 10 meter, masih banyak keluarga yang tidak memiliki jamban keluarga. Buang air besar bagi warga yang tidak memiliki jamban dilakukan di sembarang tempat. Faktor perilaku orangtua memiliki peran penting meningkatnya kasus diare. Faktor perilaku dipengerahi pengetahuan ibu rumah tangga yang masih rendah, sehingga sikap dan tindakan dalam penerapan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat juga rendah.  Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan di Desa Barengkrajan, Kecamatan Krian, Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Peserta pengabdian masyarakat adalah masyarakat yang tidak memiliki jamban dan masuk dalam kategori PJBS yang buruk, dengan jumlah 25 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan dan sosialisasi peningkatan pengetahuan PHBS, melakukan monitoring dan choaching dalam mengimplementasikan PHBS terutama kepemilikan jamban keluarga. Waktu pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan bulan Maret - Oktober 2024. Hasil evaluasi pretest dan posttest menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang PHBS dan penggunaan jamban sehat. Nilai rata-rata pretest adalah 41,75, sementara nilai posttest meningkat menjadi 75. Monitoring dan Coaching menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang telah menerima bantuan lebih aktif dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan dan menggunakan jamban sehat. Program ini didukung oleh tenaga puskesmas dan kader kesehatan yang terus memberikan pendampingan. Secara keseluruhan, program PKM ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di Desa Barengkrajan, serta menurunkan angka kejadian diare pada balita. Program ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model bagi desa-desa lain dalam upaya meningkatkan sanitasi dan kesehatan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya dalam program percepatan ODF melalui pembangunan jamban sehat dan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang jamban dan pengaruhnya bagi kesehatan manusia. Enhancing Community Knowledge in Barengkarajan Village, Krian Subdistrict, Sidoarjo Regency on PHBS Implementation in the Accelerated ODF (Open Defecation Free) Program through Community Empowerment to Achieve Infectious Disease Prevention in 2024 Abstract Every house must have faecal disposal facilities, according to data on the incidence of diarrhea among toddlers in Barengkrajan Village, Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency from 2020 to 2022 there has been an increase. The number of cases in 2020 was 1,147 cases, in 2021 there were 1,164 cases, there was an increase of 43 cases in 2022 so the total number of diarrhea cases was 1,207. Based on surveys in people's homes, the distance between clean water and sources of pollution is less than 10 meters, there are still many families who do not have a family toilet. Residents who do not have toilets defecate in any place. Parental behavioral factors play an important role in increasing cases of diarrhea. Behavioral factors are influenced by housewives' low knowledge, so attitudes and actions in implementing clean and healthy living behavior are also low. Community service is carried out in Barengkrajan Village, Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency. Community service participants are people who do not have toilets and are included in the poor PJBS category, with a total of 25 people. The methods used in this activity are counseling and socialization to increase PHBS knowledge, monitoring and coaching in implementing PHBS, especially family toilet ownership. The community service period will be carried out in March - October 2024. The results of the pretest and posttest evaluation showed an increase in community knowledge about PHBS and the use of healthy latrines. The average pretest score was 41.75, while the posttest score increased to 75. Monitoring and Coaching showed that people who had received assistance were more active in maintaining environmental cleanliness and using healthy latrines. This program is supported by community health center staff and health cadres who continue to provide assistance. Overall, the PKM program has succeeded in increasing awareness and clean and healthy living behavior in Barengkrajan Village, as well as reducing the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. It is hoped that this program can become a model for other villages in efforts to improve sanitation and public health. This community service activity aims to contribute to the Surabaya Ministry of Health's Health Polytechnic in the ODF acceleration program through the construction of healthy latrines and increasing public knowledge about latrines and their impact on human health.
DETERMINAN PERILAKU SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS MOJO SURABAYA (Studi Pendekatan Teori Health Belief Model) Ramadhani, Laila Fauziah; Setiawan, Setiawan; Suryono, Hadi; Marlik, Marlik; Rusmiati, Rusmiati
JPP JURNAL KESEHATAN POLTEKKES PALEMBANG Vol 17 No 2 (2022): JPP (Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jpp.v17i2.1344

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis paru yaitu penyakit yang menular akibat kuman mycobacterium tuberculosis dan dapat mengenai paru-paru serta menyebar ke organ tubuh lainnya. Berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Mojo, kasus tuberkulosis paru tahun 2019-2020 mengalami penurunan (15%) dan tahun 2020-2021 mengalami peningkatan (17%). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis hubungan determinan perilaku penderita tuberkulosis paru terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru di wilayah Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya. Metode: Desain penelitian ini yaitu case control. Besar sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 39 kasus dan 39 kontrol menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu pengisisan kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat melalui uji mantel haenszel. Hasil: Mayoritas reponden mempunyai determinan perilaku baik mencakup persepsi kerentanan (52,6%), persepsi keseriusan (55,1%), persepsi manfaat (57,7%), persepsi hambatan (61,5%), persepsi isyarat dalam bertindak (57,7%), dan persepsi efikasi diri (53,8%). Determinan perilaku kurang baik yang berisiko terhadap tuberkulosis paru yaitu persepsi kerentanan berisiko 1,36 kali, persepsi keseriusan berisiko 4,07 kali, persepsi manfaat berisiko 1,11 kali, persepsi hambatan berisiko 1,24 kali, persepsi isyarat dalam bertindak 1,37 kali, dan yang bukan berisiko terhadap tuberkulosis paru yaitu persepsi efikasi diri. Kesimpulan: bahwa sebagian besar mempunyai determinan perilaku baik (53,87%) dan determinan perilaku kurang baik berisiko 2,31 kali lebih besar mengalami kejadian tuberkulosis paru.
The Effect Of Carbon Monoxide Gas Exposure Levels On Oxygen Saturation In Parking Attendants Dewi Lia Listyawati; Rachmaniyah; Marlik; Khambali; Edza Aria Wikurendra
Window of Health : Jurnal Kesehatan Vol 7 No 3 (July 2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/woh.v7i2.1281

Abstract

Parking attendants are susceptible to health problems due to their ongoing exposure to vehicle-related air pollution. A significant contaminant called carbon monoxide (CO) binds to hemoglobin 200 times more strongly than oxygen, forming carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and causing a decrease in blood oxygen saturation. This study aims to investigate how CO exposure affects the oxygen saturation levels of parking attendants at Surabaya's Kapasan Market. The study uses a cross-sectional methodology and quantitative analysis. Thirteen people made up the study's sample size, including all parking attendants at Kapasan Market in Surabaya. The concentration of CO gas, the workday length, and the oxygen saturation levels were the variables examined. The Spearman's rank correlation test was used to examine the data. The average CO gas level was 3.53 PPM, the average workday for the attendants was 7.5 hours, and the average oxygen saturation was 95%, according to the findings. CO levels and oxygen saturation showed a strong correlation (p = 0.010), as did work time and oxygen saturation (p = 0.005). It is advised that parking attendants take frequent breaks from their duties to breathe in fresh air, take vitamins and supplements, eat a healthy diet, and engage in little physical activity.
Personal Hygiene, Sanitasi Lingkungan Dan Keberadaan Bakteri E.Coli Pada Air Rendaman Tahu Lidya Nurdiyati Sri Winarie; Narwati Narwati; Rachmaniyah Rachmaniyah; Marlik Marlik; Ernita Sari
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Kesehatan
Publisher : UPPM Poltekkes Kemenkes Ternate

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32763/3q8ayb63

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kampung Tahu Tinalan Kota Kediri merupakan sentral industri tahu yang dalam penerapan personal hygiene ditemukan penjamah yang merokok dan penjamah tidak menggunakan alat pelindung diri yang lengkap seperti penutup kepala, sarung tangan serta pakaian kerja. Sanitasi lingkungan Industri Rumah Tangga Pangan (IRTP) dengan kondisi kotor, tak terawat, berdebu, tidak difasilitasi sarana cuci tangan dan suplai air yang digunakan adalah sumur bor dengan jarak < 10 meter dari septic tank dan kedalaman sumur < 5 meter. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui personal hygiene, sanitasi lingkungan dan keberadaan bakteri E.coli pada air rendaman tahu di Kampung Tahu Tinalan Kota Kediri. Metode: : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan personal hygiene penjamah seluruhnya sebanyak 12 penjamah (100,0%) adalah baik, sanitasi lingkungan sebagian besar sebanyak 8 sampel (66,7%) adalah kurang baik dan keberadaan bakteri Escherichia coli pada air rendaman tahu sebanyak 8 sampel (66,7%) adalah tidak memenuhi syarat. Kesimpulan: Personal hygiene penjamah dan sanitasi lingkungan IRTP berpotensi menyebabkan keberadaan bakteri E.coli pada air rendaman tahu yang dapat mempengaruhi keamanan pangan pada produk tahu yang dihasilkan sehingga berpotensi mengakibatkan foodborne disease bagi yang mengkonsumsinya.
Hubungan Sarana Sanitasi Dasar dengan Kejadian Stunting di Puseksmas Loceret, Nganjuk Eka Alicia Fibrianti; Imam Thohari; Marlik Marlik
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Kesehatan
Publisher : UPPM Poltekkes Kemenkes Ternate

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32763/c1jdm202

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronik yang mengakibatkan gagal tumbuh pada anak. Salah satu faktor utama penyebab kejadian stunting adalah sarana sanitasi dasar yang dapat mempengaruhi asupan gizi pada anak karena asupan gizi harus didukung dengan dengan hygiene sanitasi dan kondisi lingkungan yang memadai. Tujuan : penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuihubungan sanitasi dasar dengan kejadian stunting diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Loceret Kabupaten Nganjuk. Metode: Metode yang digunakan bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan analitik dandesaincase control. Sampel penelitian adalah balita di Puskesmas Loceret berjumlah 98 sampel. Observasi sarana sanitasi dasar rumah dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen dan dianalisismenggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil : Hasil penelitian dari 98 sampel diteliti bahwa71,4% sarana penyediaan air bersih, 48% sarana jamban, 15,3% sarana pengelolaan air limbah, 30,6% sarana pengelolaan sampah, 29,6% sarana pengelolaan makanan dan 42,9% sarana sanitasi dasar adalahmemenuhi syarat.Berdasarkan uji statistik,didapatkan hasil bahwa sarana penyediaan air bersih (p=0,180) dan sarana pengelolaan air limbah tidak signifikan (p=0,161). Sarana jamban (p=0,026), sarana pengelolaan sampah (p=0,028), sarana pengelolaan makanan (p=0,000) dan sarana sanitasi dasar signifikan (p=0,001). Kesimpulan :Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwaada hubungan sarana sanitasi dasardengan kejadian stunting.
Home Sanitation and Personal Hygiene as Risk Factors for Leprosy Incidents in Guluk-Guluk District, Madura Nur Laily Rizki Fajariyah; Imam Thohari; Marlik; Irwan Sulistio; Puspa Wardhani
Public Health Research Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Public Health Research Development
Publisher : Indonesian Association Environmental Health of West Kalimantan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/phrd.v1i1.4

Abstract

Leprosy is still a health problem in the Guluk-Guluk District. Factors that contribute to the increase in leprosy cases are home sanitation and personal hygiene. House sanitation that does not meet the requirements creates a conducive environment for leprosy bacteria, and inadequate personal hygiene increases the risk of leprosy transmission. This research aims to analyze the relationship between home sanitation and personal hygiene and the incidence of leprosy. This research uses a case-control design. The independent variables are home sanitation and personal hygiene, while the dependent variable is the incidence of leprosy. Data collection is done through interviews, observation, and measurement. The samples used were 30 case samples and 30 control samples. The research location is in the Guluk-Guluk Health Center Working Area. The research time is January - June 2024. Sampling used a simple random sampling technique via lottery. Data were analyzed using chi-square and odds ratio tests. The results show a relationship between house sanitation, ceilings, floors, ventilation, personal hygiene, cleanliness of hands and feet, and the incidence of leprosy. There is no relationship between temperature, humidity, and bed cleanliness with the incidence of leprosy.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abrelian Ari Ratmansyah Adrian Hilmy Prasetiyo Alfatur Hari Wicaksono Amalina, Avita Anisa, Anisatul Jannah Aries Prasetyo Bambang Bambang Barokatul Aulia Izza Bella Dwi Septiana Budi Yulianto Chairudina, Erin Dania Oktafia, Dhiya Darjati Darjati Darjati Darjati, Darjati Deffany Novitasari Putri Suwanta Demes Nurmayanti Desysaputri, Vera Dewi Lia Listyawati Dewi Randa Dinda Yully Lestari Edza Aria Wikurendra Eka Alicia Fibrianti Elmi Sumiyarsono Ervalia Zamilanti, Zilca Fadlilah, Hidayatul Fanny Putri Andari Ferdiansah Ananda Putra Ferry Kriswandana Ferry Kriswandana Ferry Kriswandana Ferry Kriswandana Firda Yusy Firda Yusy Annisa Firdausi, Riskya Ananda FITHRIYAH, LAILATUL Fitria Funny, Vianita Gracia Satyawestri Pribadi Hadi Suryono Hadi Suryono Hanifah Nailul Mukarromah Hermiyanti, Pratiwi Imam Thohari Imam Thohari Imelda Amitharia Jayanti Imelynia Pratiwi Suhari Irwan Sulistio Irwan Sulistio Iva Rustanti Eri Wardojo Khambali, Khambali Koerniasari . Koerniasari Koerniasari Laila Fauziah Ramadhani Laily Masruroh, Laily Lembunai Tat Alberta Lidya Nurdiyati Sri Winarie Liluk Noviyanti Lintang Lailattul Fadillah Lutfianawati, Ridha Fajar Mareta Ega Pramestari Margaretha . Margono Margono Miftakhul Jannah Milanti Nadia Fitri Mirasa, Yudied Agung Muhammad Ibrahim Al Aqib Muhammad Syahrul Rizal Mujayanto Narwati Narwati Narwati Narwati Narwati Narwati, Narwati Ngadino Ngadino Ngadino Ngadino, Ngadino Ngadino, Ngadino Nisrina Nuha Sholiha nur haidah Nur Laily Rizki Fajariyah Nur Laily Rizki Fajariyah Nur Mas&#039;Ula Nurhaidah Nurhaidah Nurmayanti, Demes Okta, Dhea Stya Oktafia Putri W Oktafia Putri W Oktavia, Jeny Elsa Pradevi Milafitri Farista Ananto Pramono, Aticobhita C Prasetiyo, Adrian Hilmy Pratiwi, Windri Khusuma Puspa Wardhani Puspa Wardhani Puspa Wardhani Putri Arida Ipmawati, Putri Arida Queeniza Ulya Yonata Rachmaniyah Rafif, Devina Yunizar Ramadhani, Laila Fauziah Ratih Lukmitarani Ridha fajar Lutfianawati Rohkmalia, Fitri Rokhmalia, Fitri Ruslan La Ane Rusmiati Rusmiati Rusmiati Rusmiati Rusmiati Rusmiati, Rusmiati Sari Putri Utami Sari, Ernita SASKIYYAH CITRA TUNGGA DEWI Setiawan Setiawan Setiawan Setiawan Setiawan Setiawan Setiawan, Mahawiraja Siti Surasri Slamet Wardoyo Sofi Karina Fridayanti Sri Anggraeni Sri Anggraeni Sugiana Sulistio, Irwan Suranta Sinulingga, Teguh Sutal, Virgilia Giustiniani Syntiya Rachmadani Putri Tamyis . Thohari, Imam TUNGGA DEWI, SASKIYYAH CITRA Utamy Aprilia Nur Wahyuni Vera Desysaputri Winarko Winarko Winarko Winarko winarko, winarko Wisnu Istanto Yudied Agung Mirasa Yudied Agung Mirasa Zilca, Ervalia Zamilanti Zukrisningtyas, Liza Fajrin