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Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 14125269 EISSN : 23546700 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia (JAI) merupakan salah satu sarana penyebarluasan informasi hasil-hasil penelitian serta kemajuan iptek dalam bidang akuakultur yang dikelola oleh Departemen Budidaya Perairan, FPIKâ€“IPB. Sejak tahun 2005 penerbitan jurnal dilakukan 2 kali per tahun setiap bulan Januari dan Juli. Jumlah naskah yang diterbitkan per tahun relatif konsisten yaitu 23â€“30 naskah per tahun atau minimal 200 halaman.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 569 Documents

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Growth and survival of giant gourami juvenile immersed in different doses of recombinant growth hormone Alimuddin, ,; Etoh, Sumie; Pramana Putra, Handika Gilang; Carman, Odang
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan benih ikan gurami (Osphronemus goramy) melalui imersi dengan hormon pertumbuhan rekombinan ikan gurami (r-OgGH). Imersi dengan larutan mengandung badan inklusi dilakukan dengan dosis r-OgGH berbeda, yakni 0 mg/L (kontrol), 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, dan 30 mg/L, sekali seminggu selama tiga minggu. Ikan dipelihara selama lima minggu dalam akuarium dengan kepadatan 5 ekor/L, dan ikan diberi pakan naupli Artemia dan cacing sutera dua kali sehari secara ad libitum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata bobot tubuh ikan perlakuan 30 mg/L (0,34 g) adalah sekitar 75% lebih tinggi (p<0,05) daripada perlakuan 10 mg/L (0,24 g) dan kontrol (0,19 g). Kelangsungan hidup tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan 30 mg/L (100%), diikuti oleh perlakuan 20 mg/L (96%), perlakuan 10 mg/L (94%), dan kontrol (94%). Dengan demikian, imersi menggunakan hormon pertumbuhan rekombinan dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan gurami.Kata kunci: protein rekombinan, hormon pertumbuhan, imersi, Osphronemus goramy ABSTRACTThis study was aimed at enhancing the growth of giant gourami Osphronemus goramy fry by immersion with recombinant giant gourami growth hormone (r-OgGH). Immersion with solution containing inclusion bodies with different doses of r-OgGH, 0 mg/L (control), 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, and 30 mg/L was performed on weekly basis for the first three weeks of experimental period. Fish were reared for five weeks in glass aquaria at a stocking density of 7 fish/L, and fed with Artemia nauplii and blood worm twice a day ad libitum. The results showed that the average body weight of 30 mg/L r-OgGH treated fish (0.34 g) was 75% higher (p<0.05) than those of 10 mg/L (0.24 g) and control (0.19 g). The highest survival was obtained at 30 mg/L r-OgGH immersed fish (100%), followed by 20 mg/L (96%) and 10 mg/L treated fish (94%), and control (94%). The results indicate that immersion with recombinant growth hormone could be applied to enhance the growth and survival of giant gourami juvenile.Keywords: recombinant protein, growth hormone, immersion, Osphronemus goramy

Effect of molases addition on survival and growth of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Fab. larva treated with SKT-b Vibrio probiotic bacteria Widanarni, ,; Saputra, Wira H; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTProbiotic bacteria SKT-b Vibrio that belong to heterotrophic bacteria have been tested can suppress the growth of pathogenic Vibrio harveyi in tiger shrimp larvae. One of the most important energy sources of heterotrophic bacteria is organic carbon such as sucrose and glucose found in molasses. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of molasses addition on the survival and growth rate of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon larvae treated with SKT-b Vibrio probiotic bacteria. This experiment was done both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro tests performed by growing bacteria in media containing molasses, fish meal and premix. Whereas in vivo tests performed with the addition of molasses to shrimp larva culture media inoculated with SKT-b Vibrio bacteria which included five treatments: the control treatment without bacteria and molasses addition (K), the addition of bacteria without molasses (B), the addition of molasses 1 ppm and bacteria (MB1), the addition of molasses 3 ppm and bacteria (MB3), and the addition of molasses 5 ppm and bacteria (MB5). The result of in vitro tests showed the SKT-b Vibrio bacteria can grow on molasses media with a population reached 0,41 × 108 CFU/ml. In vivo test results showed that treatment MB3 gave the highest survival (93.3%) and growth weight (35.94%), but were not significantly different from control result in the survival and growth weight that respectively were 83.3% and 30.38%.Keywords: probiotic bacteria, SKT-b Vibrio, molasses, tiger shrimp larvae ABSTRAKBakteri probiotik Vibrio SKT-b yang tergolong bakteri heterotrof telah diuji dapat menekan pertumbuhan Vibrio harveyi yang bersifat patogen pada larva udang windu. Salah satu sumber energi yang paling penting bagi bakteri heterotrof adalah karbon organik seperti sukrosa dan glukosa yang terdapat pada molase. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan molase terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan larva udang windu Penaeus monodon Fab. yang diberi bakteri probiotik Vibrio SKT-b. Penelitian dilakukan secara in vitro dan in vivo. In vitro yaitu menumbuhkan bakteri pada media yang mengandung molase, tepung ikan dan premix. In vivo yaitu penambahan molase pada media pemeliharaan udang yang diberi bakteri probiotik Vibrio SKT-b, yang meliputi lima perlakuan yakni: perlakuan kontrol tanpa penambahan bakteri maupun molase (K), penambahan bakteri tanpa molase (B), penambahan molase 1 ppm dan bakteri (MB1), penambahan molase 3 ppm dan bakteri (MB3), penambahan molase 5 ppm dan bakteri (MB5). Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan bakteri Vibrio SKT-b dapat tumbuh pada media molase dengan populasi mencapai 0,41×108 CFU/mL. Hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan perlakuan MB3 menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup (93,3%) dan pertumbuhan bobot (35,94%) tertinggi, namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol yang menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan bobot berturut-turut 83,3% dan 30,38%.Kata kunci: bakteri probiotik, Vibrio SKT-b, molase, larva udang windu

Pengembangan pemakaian hasil samping agroindustri berbahan dasar jagung sebagai alternatif bahan baku pakan ikan kerapu tikus Cromileptes altivelis Suprayudi, Muhammad Agus; Yaniharto, Dedy; Abidin, Hasan; Priyo Utomo, Nur Bambang; Jusadi, Dedi; Setiawati, Mia
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the use of by product of corn ethanol industry, DDGS (distiller dried grain with soluble) and hominy as feed raw material on digestibility and the growth performance of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis juvenile. Three experimental diets containing isoprotein (48%) but different in DDGS contain were used. Diet A containing 0% of DDGS and hominy while diet B and C containing 10.13% (6.13% of DDGS and 4% of hominy) and 19.05% (15.05% of DDGS and 4% of hominy). Reduce of fish meal level in the diet was happen as a consequence of balancing amino acid. For digestibility experiment and Cr2O3 at level of 0.05% was used as a tracer. The feces were daily collected 30‒60 minutes after feeding for 14 days. Dry matter and protein were used as digestibility parameters. Completely randomized design with three treatments and two replicates was used in this experiment. Humpback grouper with an average weight of 11‒14 g were reared at floating net cages (FNG) of 3×2×1.5 m3. The stocking density for each cage was 167 fish/FNG and reared for six months. For digestibility measurement 30 fish were held in cylindrical fiber tank filled with 800 L of sea water. Fish were fed three times daily at satiation level. For maintaining net in a clean condition net was changed in every ten days. Feed consumption, digestibility of protein and total, growth performance indicator i,e specific growth rate, feed efficiency protein and lipid retention were used as evaluating parameters. The results showed that the fish fed with diet containing DDGS (6.13%) dan hominy (4%), at the level of 10.13% (diet B), shows similar growth performance indicators with the fish fed diet A (0% of DDGS and hominy) and the growth performance indicator was higher when being compared to those fish fed diet C (containing 19.05% of DDGS (15.05%) and hominy (4%)) (p<0.05). More over the inclusion of DDGS and hominy at the level of 10,13% give no negatif impact to feed palatability (shown by total feed consumption value) and digestibility of protein. The increasing level of DDGS and hominy more than 10% reduced palatability and protein digestibility. Based on this research, DDGS and hominy can be used up to 10% in the feed formulation of humpback grouperKeywords: digestibility, growth performance, DDGS, hominy, humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelisABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan limbah jagung dari industri etanol dalam bentuk distillate dried grain with soluble (DDGS) dan homini sebagai bahan baku pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan kerapu bebek Cromiliptes altivelis. Ikan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah juvenil ikan kerapu bebek berukuran 11‒14 g. Ikan dipelihara dalam karamba jaring apung yang berukuran 3×1,5×2 m3 dengan kepadatan 167 ekor/jaring. Ikan diberi pakan sampai kenyang sebanyak dua kali sehari. Untuk menjaga agar jaring tetap bersih maka dilakukan pergantian jaring setiap satu sampai dua minggu sekali. Ikan dipelihara selama lima bulan dan setiap bulan dilakukan sampling. Tiga macam pakan digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan kadar protein 47% dan rasio energi protein 10 kkal/g protein. Pakan A adalah pakan yang tidak mengandung DDGS dan homini, pakan B mengandung DDGS 6,13% dan 4% (total 10,13%), dan pakan C mengandung DDGS 15,05% dan Homini 4% (total 19,5%). Untuk mengevaluasi ketercernaan nutrien maka kromium oksida (Cr2O3) digunakan sebagai penelusur. Penelitian ketercernaan dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan fiber dengan volume 800 L. Rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan dua ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai ketercernaan nutrien tidak berbeda sampai total kadar DDGS dan homini 10,13% (pakan B) dan peningkatan DDGS serta homini sampai 19,05% (pakan C) menurunkan nilai ketercernaan. Ikan yang diberi pakan dengan DDGS sebesar 10,13% (pakan B) memiliki nilai efisiensi pakan, sintasan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, konsumsi pakan dan retensi protein yang sama dengan pakan tanpa DDGS (pakan A), akan tetapi nilai-nilai tersebut lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan ikan yang diberi pakan B (p<0,05). Retensi lemak ikan yang diberi pakan B memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan ikan yang diberi pakan A dan C. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa DDGS dan homini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan kerapu bebek sampai level 10,13% (DDGS 6,13% dan homini 4%).Kata kunci: pertumbuhan, ketercernaan, DDGS, homini, ikan kerapu bebek, Cromileptes altivelis

Genetic variability of the fifth generation of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus using microsatellite DNA markers Satriani, Gloria Ika; Soelistyowati, Dinar Tri; Hardianto, Dian; Aliah, Ratu Siti
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTFifth generations of Nile tilapia from several strains have been produced by using selective breeding program in Main Centre for Freshwater Aquaculture Development (MCFAD) Sukabumi, West Java. This research was aimed to evaluate the impact of family selection program of some highly economic traits on its genetic variability using microsatellite DNA markers. The total of 180 specimens have been collected from fifth generation of nine reciprocal mating between three families selected from fourth generation of Nile tilapia and were screened for genetic variability at three microsatellite loci (UNH 123*, UNH 172*, UNH 216*). The results showed that the amount of genetic variability on fifth generations of Nile tilapia from three strains was ranged between 33 to 100% and the highest genetic distance relationship between families was 0.3875. This research approved that females and males issued from the family which have more amount of genetic variability and higher distance to others could be considered as genetic materials to produce the next generation.Keywords: microsatellite DNA, genotype, genetic variability, genetic distance, Oreochromis nilotiocus ABSTRAKBeberapa strain ikan nila generasi kelima telah dihasilkan dalam program pemuliaan di Main Centre untuk Freshwater Aquaculture Development (MCFAD) Sukabumi, Barat Jawa. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh seleksi famili terhadap performa karakter ekonomis penting berdasarkan keragaman genetiknya menggunakan penanda microsatellite DNA. Spesimen dari 180 individu generasi kelima hasil persilangan resiprokal antara tiga famili generasi keempat dianalisis dengan penanda tiga microsatellite loci (UNH 123*, UNH 172*, UNH 216*). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik ikan nila generasi kelima berkisar antara 33 sampai 100% dan hubungan kekerabatan genetik antar famili yang paling jauh adalah 0,3875. Individu betina dan jantan yang berasal dari famili dengan tingkat keragaman genetik dan kekerabatan yang lebih tinggi dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai sumber genetik berkualitas untuk menghasilkan generasi berikutnya.Kata kunci: microsatellite DNA, genotipe, keragaman genetik, jarak genetik, Oreochromis nilotiocus

Improvement of survival and development of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei larvae by feeding taurine enriched rotifers Jusadi, Dedi; Ruchyani, Syarifah; Mokoginta, Ing; Ekasari, Julie
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present experiment was to study the most optimum taurine enrichment concentration of rotifers in improving Pacific white shrimp larva Litopenaeus vannamei survival and development. White shrimp larvae at sixth naupliar stage were reared in 12 units of 500 L fibre glass tanks with a stocking density of 125 ind/L. Starting from zoea two stage (Z-2), the larva was provided with rotifers with different taurine enrichment concentration according to the treatments, i.e. 0 mg/L enrichment medium (A), 25 mg/L (B), 50 mg/L(C), and 100 mg/L (D). The results show that different taurine concentration in the enrichment media increased taurine level in rotifers. Furthermore, the administration of taurine enriched rotifers up to 50 mg/L significantly improved larval survival and may accelerate larval development. The experimental results also concluded that a concentration of 50 mg/L is the most optimum taurine enrichment concentration of rotifers for the improvement of white shrimp larval survival and developmental stage.Keywords: taurine, rotifer, white shrimp, enrichmentABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsentrasi optimum taurin melalui pengayaan pada rotifera terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan perkembangan stadia larva udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei. Larva udang vaname stadia naupli-6 dipelihara dalam 12 tangki fiberglass volume 500 L dengan kepadatan 125 ind/L. Dimulai sejak stadia zoea 2 (Z-2) larva diberi rotifera yang diperkaya dengan taurin dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda sesuai dengan perlakuan, yaitu 0 mg/L media pengkaya (A), 25 mg/L (B), 50mg/L (C), dan 100mg/L (D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengayaan taurin pada konsentrasi yang berbeda menyebabkan peningkatan kandungan taurin rotifera. Sementara pemberian rotifera yang diperkaya taurin hingga 50 mg/L meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup dan mempercepat perkembangan stadia larva udang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian rotifera yang diperkaya taurin dengan konsentrasi 50 mg/L menghasilkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi (53,5%) dan perkembangan larva yang tercepat (p<0,05) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.Kata kunci: taurin, rotifera, udang vanname, pengayaan

Fermentation of Azolla sp. leaves and the utilization as a feed ingredient of tilapia Oreochromis sp. Utomo, Nur Bambang Priyo; ., Nurfadhilah; Ekasari, Julie
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to study the effect of incubation period on the nutritional content of Azolla sp. meal fermented by Trichoderma harzianum, and its optimum supplementation level in the feed of tilapia Oreochromis sp. In incubation period treatments, fermentation of Azolla meal was performed in two, six, eight, and ten days (AF2, AF6, AF8, AF10) using Trichoderma harzianum as the fermentor. The fish used in this study was tilapia Oreochromis sp. with an average weight of 10.59±1.29 g. The design of the feeding treatments was repeletting commercial feed with Azolla leaves by with different supplementation levels, i.e. 0% (A/control), 30% (B), 60% (C), and 90% (D). Faecal collection for digestibility measurement was conducted for 15 days and fish growth rate was observed for 40 days. Azolla meal fermented for two days (AF2) showed the best results among the other treatments with a crude fiber decrease of 37.19% and protein increase of 38.65%. The results of this study indicate that fermentation can increase the nutritional quality of Azolla meal and its most optimal supplementation level in the diet of tilapia is 30%.Keywords: crude fiber, Azolla sp., tilapiaABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu fermentasi daun mata lele Azolla sp. menggunakan kapang Trichoderma harzianum serta dosis optimal dalam pakan ikan nila Oreochromis sp. Proses fermentasi tepung daun mata lele dilakukan selama dua, enam, delapan, dan sepuluh hari (AF2, AF6, AF8, AF10). Ikan uji pada penelitian ini menggunakan ikan nila Oreochromis sp. dengan bobot rata-rata 10,59±1,29 g yang ditebar sebanyak 6 ekor/akuarium berukuran 50×45×30 cm3. Sebagai pakan perlakuan yakni repeletting daun mata lele dengan pakan komersil pada tingkat suplementasi 0% (A/kontrol), 30% (B), 60% (C), dan 90% (D). Pemeliharaan ikan uji dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan feses ikan untuk uji ketercernaan selama 15 hari dan mengamati pertumbuhan ikan selama 40 hari. Tepung daun mata lele yang difermentasi selama dua hari (AF2) memiliki hasil yang paling baik di antara perlakuan lainnya yakni dengan penurunan serat kasar sebesar 37,19% dan peningkatan protein sebesar 38,65%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi dapat meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi daun mata lele serta dosis optimal pemanfaatan tepung daun mata lele fermentasi dalam pakan ikan nila adalah sebesar 30%.Kata kunci: serat kasar, Azolla sp., ikan nila

Production of giant gourami Osphronemus goramy Lac. juvenile with different rate of water exchange Budiardi, Tatag; Ginting, Rona Albrettico Nemanita; Hadiroseyani, Yani
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTGiant gourami Osphronemus goramy Lac. is one of the most important fresh water fish commodities with increasing production level every year. Water quality management through a proper water exchange both in quantity and quality can be one of the alternatives to support the elevating production. This research was conducted from July to August 2010 at the Aquaculture Production Technology and Management Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University. The juvenile used was 0.84±0.011 cm in length and 0.017±0.001 cm in weight which reared in nine units of aquaria with a size of 60×29×33 cm3. Silk worm was used as the feed and provided daily at satiation. Water exchange was performed twice a day at a level depending on the treatment, namely 75% (50% at morning and 25% at evening), 100% (50% at morning and evening) and 125% (75% at morning and 50% at evening) of total water volume. Water exchange at 75%, 100%, and 125%/day resulted in survival rates of 94.11±0.63%; 91.89±2.02%; and 93.89±0.75%; specific growth rates of 7.43±0.15%, 8.58±0.24%, and 9.97±0.18%. Growth rate in length of 1.06±0.06 cm, 1.33±0.04 cm, and 1.55±0.01 cm; coefficient of variation in length of 11.31±1.43%, 9.35±1.46%, and 6.90±2.30%; feed efficiency of 12.47±0.30%, 14.32±1.05%, and 19.67±0.54%. The financial benefits resulted of the process were worth of IDR.351,903.00; IDR.402,302.00; and IDR.464,715.00; whereas R/C ratio of 1.71; 1.80; dan 1.90; BEP of 1,845 unit, 1,645 unit, and 1,517 unit; payback period (PP) of 0.97 years, 0.85 years, and 0.74 years; and the cost production as much as IDR.79.90; IDR.82.70; and IDR.82.90/individual, respectively. The treatments were significantly different on several parameters, such as specific growth rate, length of growth rate, feed efficiency at p<0.05. The results of this experiment showed that 125% daily water exchange improved the production performance of giant gourami juvenile cultured at a density of 20 fish/L. For production purpose, rearing giant gourami fish 2 cm in size at a density of 20 fish/L was found as the optimum condition through 125%/day water exchange.Keywords: water exchange, survival rate, growth, gourami fishABSTRAKIkan gurami Osphronemus goramy Lac. merupakan salah satu komoditas penting ikan air tawar dengan produksi yang cenderung meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pengelolaan kualitas air dengan penggantian air yang tepat secara kualitas dan kuantitas dapat menjadi salah satu jawaban dalam meningkatkan produktivitas budidaya ikan gurami. Benih ikan yang digunakan dalam penelitian berukuran panjang rata-rata 0,84±0,011 cm dan bobot tubuh rata-rata 0,017±0,001. Wadah yang digunakan berupa akuarium berukuran 60×29×33 cm3 sebanyak sembilan unit, dengan kepadatan 20 ekor/L. Pakan yang diberikan berupa cacing sutra secara at satiation. Perlakuan berupa pergantian air yaitu: 75% (50% pagi dan 25% sore), 100% (50% pagi dan 50% sore) dan 125% (75% pagi dan 50% sore) dari total volume air pemeliharaan. Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pergantian air berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap laju pertumbuhan bobot dan panjang, serta efisiensi pakan, sedangkan kelangsungan hidup dan koefisien keragaman panjang tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (p>0,05). Laju pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan tertinggi (p<0,05) diperoleh pada perlakuan pergantian air 125%, yaitu laju pertumbuhan bobot 9,97±0,18%, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak 1,55±0,01 cm, dan efisiensi pakan 19,67±0,54%. Kelangsungan hidup benih ikan gurami berkisar antara 91,89‒94,11. Pemeliharaan benih ikan gurami dengan mengganti air 125%/hari juga memberikan keuntungan tertinggi, yakni Rp464.715,-. Dengan demikian, pendederan benih ikan gurami sebaiknya dilakukan dengan pergantian air 125%/hari.Kata kunci: pergantian air, kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan, ikan gurami

Cloning and sequencing of VP19-encoding gene of white spot syndrome virus from Situbondo’s isolate Alim, Sahrul; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Ali, Muhamad
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTWhite spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most dangerous shrimp pathogen and give a very bad impact to the shrimp industry in many countries, including Indonesia. Furthermore, the vaccine usage is less effective since the local WSSV suspected to have some mutation and have differences in sequence from the one that used for recombinant vaccine production so far. Therefore, it is necessary to produce recombinant vaccine for immunization of local shrimp according to WSSV isolates from Indonesia. Viral protein 19 (VP19) is an important WSSV envelope proteins because of its involvement in the systemic infection of shrimp, so it can be developed as a recombinant vaccine. The objectives of this study are to obtain VP19-encoding gene of WSSV from Situbondo, Indonesia. This research conducted through several stages, DNA genome isolation of Penaeus monodon infected with WSSV, amplification of VP19-encoding gene, isolation of VP19-encoding gene, ligation of VP19-encoding gene into pGEM-T Easy vector, transformation to Escherichia coli, recombinant vector screening, vector isolation using mini preparation technique, vector verification, and sequencing. The result of cloning shows that the size of VP19-encoding gene from Situbondo isolates is similar to VP19-encoding gene from the abroad one, which is 366 bp. However, the sequence result shows that there are some differences on bases and amino acid. However, the result of sequencing shows there are difference of five base and three amino acid arranged VP19 sequence the Situbondo isolate with isolate from several countries. The similiarity of the Situbondo isolate sequence with the other isolate (from Indonesian and other countries) was only 98%. This difference indicates the importance of making a vaccine from a local WSSV genes especially Situbondo isolate.Keywords: white spot syndrome virus, VP19, Penaeus monodonABSTRAKWhite spot syndrome virus (WSSV) merupakan patogen yang paling serius menyerang udang windu dan telah menghancurkan industri udang windu di berbagai negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Penggunaan vaksin WSSV yang didesain berdasarkan isolat WSSV luar negeri kurang efektif karena diduga WSSV yang menyerang udang Indonesia telah mengalami mutasi dan memiliki perbedaan sekuen. Untuk itu, penggunaan isolat WSSV asal Indonesia, khususnya Situbondo sebagai cetakan dalam memproduksi vaksin rekombinan untuk imunisasi udang di Indonesia sangat perlu dilakukan. Viral protein-19 (VP19) merupakan protein pembungkus WSSV yang penting karena keterlibatannya dalam infeksi sistemik pada udang, sehingga dapat dikembangkan sebagai vaksin rekombinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gen penyandi protein permukaan VP19 virus WSSV isolat Situbondo. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah isolasi DNA genom udang windu yang terinfeksi WSSV, amplifikasi gen penyandi protein VP19, isolasi gen penyandi protein VP19, ligasi gen penyandi protein VP19 ke dalam plasmid pGEM-T Easy, transformasi plasmid, skrining plasmid rekombinan, isolasi plasmid dengan teknik mini preparation, verifikasi plasmid dan pengurutan. Hasil pengklonan menunjukkan bahwa ukuran gen penyandi protein VP19 isolat Situbondo sama dengan ukuran gen penyandi protein VP19 isolat asing yaitu 366 pb. Namun hasil pengurutan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan lima basa dan tiga asam amino penyusun sekuen VP19 isolat Situbondo dengan isolat dari beberapa negara lain. Kemiripan sekuen isolat Situbondo dengan isolat lain (dari Indonesia sendiri maupun dari negara-negara lain) hanya sebesar 98%. Adanya perbedaan ini mengindikasikan pentingnya pembuatan vaksin dari gen WSSV lokal khususnya isolat Situbondo.Kata kunci: white spot syndrome virus, VP19, Penaeus monodon

Growth performance of pearl goldfish juvenile carassius auratus cultured in 3 ppt salinity with different exposure time of electric field Nirmala, Kukuh; Armansyah, Rizky; Priyadi, Agus
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTGrowth rate of pearl goldfish juvenile Carassius auratus relatively slow to reach market size which will take approximately three months. To accelerate its growth can be done by providing exposure of the fish to low-power electric fields (10 V) via 3 ppt salinity water, with the goal of providing the close isoosmotic conditions, and also to streamline the flow of electricity from the electrodes to the body of the fish. This study aims to calculate the survival and growth rate of pearl goldfish juvenile of S sizes (2‒4 cm of body length) which were maintained at 3 ppt salinity water and treated by different exposure time of electric field (zero, two, four, and six minutes before feeding) with 10 volt electric power. Fish were cultured at a density of 2 fish/L in the (20×30×20 cm3) aquaria in volume of 6 L of water. Test fish had an average body length of 4.11±0.05 cm and the average body weight of 2.89±0.05 g. Exposure time of electric field were zero, two, four, and six minutes before the fish are fed, performed every day as much as three times i.e. morning, afternoon, and evening. The research design used was completely randomized design with four treatments, namely 0, 2, 4, and 6 (time for exposure is zero/control, two, four, and six minute) with three replications. The results show test fishes exposed to 10 volt electrical field for zero, two, four, and six minutes, have no significant effect on survival rate (P>0.05). For growth performance, four minute exposure treatment gives the best results compared to controls (P<0.05), supported by an increase in the percentage of the ratio of gut length to body length of the fish and higher feed efficiency.Keywords: long exposure to the electric field, growth performance, pearl goldfishABSTRAKPertumbuhan benih ikan hias maskoki mutiara Carassius auratus relatif lambat, karena untuk mencapai ukuran jual memerlukan waktu sekitar tiga bulan. Untuk mempercepat pertumbuhannya dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian paparan medan listrik berdaya rendah (10 V) ke air media budidaya yang dinaikkan salinitasnya menjadi 3 ppt, dengan tujuan memberikan kondisi mendekati isoosmotik, dan juga untuk mengefektifkan arus listrik dari elektroda ke tubuh ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan benih ikan maskoki mutiara ukuran S (2‒4 cm) yang dipelihara pada media bersalinitas 3 ppt yang diberi perlakuan lama waktu pemaparan medan listrik (nol, dua, empat, dan enam menit sebelum ikan diberi pakan) dengan daya 10 volt. Ikan dipelihara dengan kepadatan 2 ekor/L dalam akuarium berukuran 20×30×20 cm3 dengan volume air 6 L. Ikan uji yang digunakan memiliki panjang rata-rata 4,11±0,05 cm dan bobot rata-rata 2,89±0,05 g/ekor. Pemberian paparan medan listrik dilakukan selama nol, dua, empat, dan enam menit sebelum ikan diberi pakan, dilakukan setiap hari sebanyak tiga kali yaitu pagi, siang, dan sore hari. Rancangan penelitian terdiri atas empat perlakuan, yaitu 0, 2, 4, dan 6 (lama paparan nol/kontrol, dua, empat, dan enam menit) yang diulang masing-masing tiga kali ulangan. Hasil pemaparan arus listrik 10 volt selama nol, dua, empat, dan enam menit, tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada kelangsungan hidup (p>0,05). Untuk kinerja pertumbuhan, perlakuan paparan empat menit memberikan hasil yang terbaik dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05), didukung oleh peningkatan persentase nilai rasio panjang usus terhadap panjang tubuh ikan serta nilai efisiensi pakan yang lebih tinggi.Kata kunci: lama paparan medan listrik, kinerja pertumbuhan, ikan maskoki mutiara

Screening of probiotics bacteria from coral reef using co-culture method for controlling vibriosis in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) larvae Sasanti, Ade Dwi; ., Widanarni; ., Sukenda
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTThis study was carried out to obtain bacteria isolates from coral reef using co-culture method which potentially inhibit Vibrio harveyi growth. A total of 110 isolates were isolated from Acropora sp., Merulina sp., Hystrix sp., Poecillophora sp., Porites sp., and Haliophora sp., and were screened for their antagonistic activity against V. harveyi in in vitro and in vivo test. Five candidate probiotics (5H1 candidate probiotics isolated from Acropora sp., 11I and 11G isolates isolated from Hystrix sp. and 13B and 13G1 isolates isolated from Poecillophora sp., was able to inhibit growth of V. harveyi MR5339 RFR up to 101‒102 cfu/mL. Two isolates (13B and 13G1) were not pathogenic at concentration 106 cfu/mL bacteria and could increase of survival rate of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) larvae in in vivo test. Survival rate of tiger shrimp larvae that treatment with 13B and 13G1 were 86,67% and 88,33%, and have a significant different with positive control (61,67%). Partial sequencing of 16S-rRNA showed that 13G1 isolate was similar to V. alginolyticus.Keywords: vibriosis, Vibrio harveyi, tiger shrimp, probiotic, coral reefABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri probiotik asal terumbu karang dengan metode kultur bersama untuk pengendalian penyakit vibriosis pada larva udang windu (Penaeus monodon). Sebanyak 110 isolat berhasil diisolasi dari Acropora sp., Merulina sp., Hystrix sp., Poecillophora sp., Porites sp., dan Heliophora sp. dan dilakukan penapisan untuk melihat aktivitas kemampuannya melawan Vibrio harveyi MR 5339 RfR dalam uji in vitro dan in vivo. Sebanyak 56 isolat menghasilkan daya hambat terhadap V. harveyi MR5339 RfR pada metode kultur bersama. Lima isolat kandidat probiotik (isolate 5H1 diisolasi dari Acropora sp., isolat 11I dan 11G diisolasi dari Hystrix sp., serta isolat 13B dan 13G1 yang diisolasi dari Poecillophora sp.), mampu menekan pertumbuhan V. harveyi MR5339 RfR hingga 101–102 cfu/mL. Kedua isolat (13B dan 13G1) terbukti tidak bersifat patogen pada konsentrasi 106 cfu/mL dan mampu meningkatkan sintasan larva udang windu pada uji in vivo. Nilai sintasan larva pada perlakuan yang diberi kandidat probiotik 13B dan 13G1 berturut-turut adalah 86,67% dan 88,33%, namun berbeda nyata dengan kontrol positif (61,67%). Hasil analisis sekuen sebagian gen 16S-rRNA menunjukkan bahwa isolat 13G1 termasuk spesies V. algynoliticus.Kata kunci: vibriosis, Vibrio harveyi, udang windu, probiotik, terumbu karang

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