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Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science)
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 08523681     EISSN : 24430765     DOI : 10.21776/ub.jiip
Core Subject : Education,
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Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan (JIIP) is a journal published and managed by the Faculty of Animal Husbandry Universitas Brawijaya. JIIP is a peer-reviewed journal published three times a year. JIIP now actively using Open Journal System (OJS). JIIP mediates the dissemination of researchers various disciplines of animal science, such as animal feed and nutrition; animal reproduction, genetics, and production; social and economic; and animal products science and technology.
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Articles 462 Documents
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Pidan Quail Eggs: Comparative Study of the Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Coconut Fibre Ash and Quicklime as Natural Alkalis Novia, Deni; Melia, Sri; Jamarun, Novirman; Habibburrahman
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.14

Abstract

Pidan eggs can be made into less safe food because of the ingredients used in making them. Coconut fibre ash and quicklime are natural ingredients with alkaline pH values that can be used to make pidan eggs. This research aimed to compare the influence of ash coconut fibre and quicklime yang on egg quail's physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The study employed a methodological approach utilizing a fully randomized design comprising five treatments with four replications each. The treatments involved varying ratios of coconut fibre ash to quicklime: A (90:10), B (70:30), C (50:50), D (30:70), and E (10:90). Diversity analysis revealed that the duration of alkaline fermentation significantly affected (P<0.05) the moisture content, pH value, calcium content, sensory attributes of the albumen and yolk color, and texture. However, it did not significantly impact the aroma of pidan quail eggs. The best research results were a ratio of coconut fibre ash to quicklime of 10:90 with a pH value of 10.53, moisture content of 70.74%, calcium content of 0.51%, sensory value of albumen color of 3.80 (blackish brown), egg yolk color of 4.24 (dark green/dark), aroma of 3.04 (smells of ammonia), and texture of 3.84 (slightly dense).
Effect of Fermented Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) as a Feed Additive on the Phytochemical Content and Production Performance of Isa Brown Laying Hens Kasri, Kasri; Radiati, Lilik Eka; Sjofjan, Osfar
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.11

Abstract

The overuse and continuous administration of antibiotics have led to the emergence of resistance, posing challenges in eradicating pathogenic bacteria in poultry digestive tracts. This concern has prompted breeders to seek alternatives, such as turmeric. Turmeric, known for its ability to combat disease-causing microorganisms in the digestive tract and improve livestock performance, is one such herb. This study aimed to assess the impact of fermented turmeric on the phytobiotic content and production performance of laying hens. In the initial phase, turmeric underwent anaerobic fermentation at room temperature for seven days, followed by analysis of curcuminoids and flavonoids. An in vivo study was subsequently conducted with 120 laying hens aged 50 weeks divided into five experimental groups: P0 (basal feed without fermented liquid turmeric) and T1--T4 (basal feed supplemented with fermented liquid turmeric). The results revealed a significant decrease in the curcumin and flavonoid contents after fermentation. Feed consumption increased significantly (P<0.05) but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on hen-day production, egg mass, FCR, or IOFC. numcially decreased FCR values. This study demonstrated that incorporating liquid turmeric into basal feed enhanced production performance while reducing FCR in laying hens. The effect of fermented liquid turmeric on feed consumption was sixty-four percent, and the feed conversion ratio was twenty-four percent. These findings suggest that fermented turmeric can effectively serve as a feed additive in poultry production systems, offering a natural alternative and potentially contributing to sustainable and healthy poultry farming practices
Assessment of Animal Welfare and Handling Procedures in the Slaughter of Sacred Animals During Eidul-Adha in Samarinda City Wibowo, Ari; Suhardi, Suhardi; Fanani, Anhar Faisal; Aprylasari, Dede; Rahman, Kamal; Anjani, Fandini Melia; Chaijan, Manat; Panpipat, Worawan; Kim, Siriporn Riebroy
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.3

Abstract

The term "Qurban," originating from Arabic, denotes "close" and constitutes one of the annual religious rituals practiced by Muslims, involving the ritual slaughter of various livestock, including camels, goats, cows, sheep, and buffaloes. Nonetheless, concerns have arisen regarding the welfare and comfort of these animals during the slaughtering process. This research aimed to investigate welfare-oriented procedures employed in the slaughter of sacrificial animals and to identify and analyse the stress factors affecting them. The study was conducted across nine mosques in nine sub districts in Samarinda city on July 10-11, 2023, and involved a sample of 115 slaughtered cattle. The observational indicators included instances of falling and slipping, vocalization, states of consciousness and unconsciousness, and duration until death. The findings revealed that 36.52% of the animals experienced falls or slips, their vocalization levels reached 15.65%, surpassing the anticipated threshold of 5%, consciousness and unconsciousness indicators were observed in 56.09% of the cases, and the longest duration until death fell within the range of 10-12 minutes. These findings highlight a lack of consideration for animal welfare during sacrificial animal slaughtering practices in Samarinda city mosques.
Effect of Feeding Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia) Meal in A Diet Containing Lemuru Fish Oil on the Performance and Egg Quality of Japanese Quail Haerul, Muhammad; Hermana, Widya; Sumiati
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.2

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of feeding bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia) meal ina diet containing Lemuru fish oil on performance and on egg quality in quails. This study used a layerof 160 quail with a Coturnix-Coturnix japonica strain aged 8 weeks. A completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments, four replications and ten quail per replication was used in this experiment. The treatments consisted of R1 = basal diet without bawang dayak meal (control diet), R2 = basal diet containing 0.1% bawang dayak meal, R3 = basal diet containing 0.2% bawang dayak meal, and R4 = basal diet containing 0.3% bawang dayak meal. The variables observed were quail performance, egg physical quality, and cholesterol egg yolk level. The data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Tukey test. The results showed that the use of bawangdayak meal had no significant effect (p>0.05) on quail performance or egg physical quality but had a significant effect (p<0.05) on cholesterol in the egg yolk. In conclusion, feeding bawang dayak meal up to 0.3% in a diet containing lemuru fish oil did not negatively impact quail productivity and can increase feed efficiency. Feeding 0.3% bawang dayak meal can reduce cholesterol in egg yolks.
Detection of the TYR Gene as a Candidate Causal Mutation for Albinism in Taro Cattle Reza, Muhammad Aulia; Noor, Ronny Rachman; Jakaria, Jakaria; Margawati, Endang Tri
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.12

Abstract

Bali Cattle are known as cattle with a unique coat color pattern. At Taro village was found different coat colors of Bali cattle, namely Taro cattle perform white coat color. The TYR gene has a vital role in producing coat color. This research was aimed to determine mutations that caused of the white color in Taro cattle. Two methods of PCR and PCR-RFLP were applied in this study. PCR method followed by sequencing used 29 DNA samples consisted of 17 Taro cattle, 12 DNA samples of 3 breeds cattle as comparison while RFLP method applied 56 DNA samples (17 Taro; 31 wild Bali; 4 Simental, 4 PO/Ongole descendant). All DNA were collected from fresh blood, and extracted by using DNA Extraction Kit. Amplification of TYR (exon 5) gene was conducted using forward and reverse primers to get polymerase chain reaction products with lengths of 320 bp and sequenced with Sanger method (services). PCR-RFLP was conducted with enzyme restriction of AciI. Determination of TYR gene diversity was analyzed through sequencing data. TYR gene sequencing was analyzed by using Bioedit and Mega11 software to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNP genotyping was analyzed from PCR-RFLP. The results showed that the TYR gene (exon 5) of Taro cattle was found with 320 bp length. SNP was obtained at one position c.1467 T>C. This SNP has never been reported yet on the ensemble website. This finding suggests that a specific genetic marker for albinism in Bali cattle needs to be more explored
Identification of Market Demand for Omega-3 Eggs in Bogor Regency Soesanto, Iman Rahayu Hidayati; Yani, Ahmad; Tanti, Ariyani
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.4

Abstract

The egg market is a crucial sector in the food industry. Eggs are not only an affordable and highly nutritious source of protein but also offer nutritional variations that can be tailored to consumer needs. Increasingly knowledgeable consumers and easily accessible information have opened new opportunities for the development of innovative food products that meet public health needs. One such product is omega-3-enriched eggs. This study aimed to identify the demand for omega-3 eggs in Bogor Regency. The survey method was used from August 22-23, 2023. The survey results indicate that most consumers are willing to purchase omega-3 eggs in large quantities, with 50% of respondents willing to pay Rp. 3000 per egg. These findings reflect high interest in increasing omega-3 fatty acid intake through accessible products. Furthermore, 37% of respondents often shop for eggs at supermarkets, indicating a significant opportunity for product placement in major retail stores. Practical packaging with plastic mica was also preferred by 70% of respondents due to its practicality and efficiency. Thus, omega-3 eggs can be developed in Bogor Regency because they meet market needs and offer promising business opportunities.
Application of the DNA Molecular Markers RM20A and RM241 on King Grass (Pennisetum purpuphoides) and Dwarf Elephant Grass (Pennisetum pupureum cv. Mott) Islami, Romi Zamhir; Ari Zindhi, Muhammad Amrullah; Mansyur; Susilawati, Iin
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.02.15

Abstract

Feed, as the main element that provides livestock nutrition, is composed of two components, namely, concentrate and forage. Examples of commonly used forages are king grass and dwarf elephant grass. These grasses are very familiar among farmers because they have good crude protein (CP) content; specifically, the CP content of king grass is 13,50% (Siswanto et al., 2016), and the CP content of dwarf elephant grass is 14,35% (Erleli, 2020). Forage production can be disrupted by weather factors. In the dry season, the production of king grass and dwarf elephant grass decreases by 50%. As a result, there is a forage crisis in the dry season. To overcome this, genetic improvement of king grass and dwarf elephant grass is possible. Previous research has succeeded in finding primers RM20A and RM241, each of which can lead to new traits in rice plants, namely, leaf rolling and plant height. This primer can be applied to king grass and dwarf elephant grass to increase the production potential of these plants and increase plant resistance in the dry season. This research uses the PCR technique to amplify primers from the template DNA of king grass and dwarf elephant grass. Optimization was carried out via several procedures due to species differences among rice, king grass and dwarf elephant grass. The results revealed that the RM241 primer could not be amplified at all in king grass plants and was amplified only in dwarf elephant grass. Moreover, the RM20A primer produced better results, where amplification could occur in both plants. This may be due to several factors, such as the condition of the DNA template, the condition of the materials and the possibility of human error. Amplification of the two primers also revealed that they were polymorphic, indicating that these two primers could not accurately amplify SSRs in king grass and dwarf elephant grass. This also causes many smears in the visualization of the PCR results. Overall, this research was able to determine the plant height and leaf rolling characteristics of king grass and dwarf elephant grass.
Effects of the Commercial Yogurt Starter on the pH, aw, TPC, TotalBacteria of Lactic Acid, Yeast Mold Numbers and Organoleptic inFermented Sausages Susilo, Agus; Widati, Aris Sri; Evanuarini, Herly; Apriliyani, Mulia Winirsya; Rahayu, Premy Puspitawati; Tyas, Dewi Septi Ayuning; Rafly, Raihan; Pramudita, Ananda Diah
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.03.3

Abstract

Yogurt culture has never been used as a probiotic to produce fermented sausages. The microorganisms that make up the starter culture play a role in the release of bioactive peptides during sausage production. This research aimed to determine the effect ofyogurt starters on chicken meat and the best percentage of fermented chicken sausage made with yogurt starters as lactic acid bacteria. The variables used are pH, water activity, total plate number, total LAB, yeast mold number, and organoleptic tests. The research method was experimental via a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The yogurt starter addition amounts used were 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. The data were analyzed via analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there is a significant effect, it will be tested via Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). The results revealed that there was a highly significant difference(P<0.01) in pH and that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and organoleptic aroma, taste and texture. Moreover, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in water activity, total plate number, yeast mold number, or organoleptic tests on the color of fermented sausage
Effect of Thermo-mechanically Fermented Soybean Meal on Nutrient Digestibility and Carboxymethyl Cellulase Activity of Jawa Super Chicken Yano, Aan Andri; Suprayogi, Wara Pratitis Sabar; Darmawan, Muhammad Arif; Saputro, Wahyu Subagio; Saraswati, Pramita Nindya; Setyono, Wahyu; Akhirini, Novi
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.03.1

Abstract

In poultry, amino acids are sourced mainly from soybean meal (SBM). However, nutrient absorption and digestion are quickly reduced in the presence of antinutritional factors (ANFs), thus impairing poultry growth performance. Here, we experimented to determine the effects of fermented SBM with A. niger and B. subtilis on nutrient digestibility and carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity of Jawa Super (Joper) chicken. The experiment was completed from November 2022 to January 2023 on the poultry farm of the Animal Science Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Indonesia. A total of 36 1-d-old Joper male chicks were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments; Control diet without fermented SBM (CON), fermented SBM with B. subtilis (P1), and fermented SBM with A. niger (P2) in a completely randomized design. The nutrient digestibility and CMCase activities were analyzed in response to a modified feeding using fermented SBM. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to analyze data using SPSS® Statistics 25 for Windows. There was a significant difference in the digestibility of crude protein (CP), dry matter (DM), crude fat, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and organic matter (OM) between the control and treatment groups (P < 0.05). However, crude ash and fibre digestibilities are relatively similar (P > 0.05). Following the insignificant result of fiber digestibility, CMCase activities did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). To conclude, feeding Joper chicken with fermented SBM seems promising in achieving optimized digestibility of nutrients due to significant results, especially in CP digestibility. Additionally, within the treatment groups, B. subtilis (P1) demonstrated slightly better performance compared to A. niger (P2).
Effects of Supplementing Concentrate on Cumulative Gas Production of Ration-Based Natural Grass Eva, Eva Icahyaningrum; Kusmartono; Mashudi; Ndaru, Poespitasari Hasanah
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2024.034.03.7

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with concentrate on the cumulative in vitro gras production of rations made from natural grass. Natural grass is the primary source of fibre in livestock diets, especially for ruminant animals, and thrives in tropical regions. The high fibre content in field grass can have a positive effect on the digestive process. The following treatments were applied: T1 (40% natural grass + 60% concentrate-C1), T2 (40% natural grass + 60% concentrate-C2), T3 (40% natural grass 60% concentrate-C3), and T4 (40% natural grass + 60% concentrate-C4). The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) involving four treatments and three replications. The variables observed were cumulative gas production, potential of degradation (b) and rate of degradation (c) values. The results revealed that the treatments significantly affected (P<0.05) cumulative gas production, with the highest value occurring in the T5 treatment (155.6 ml/500 g DM), followed by the T4, T3, T2 and T1 treatments (147.8, 138.0, 129.0 and 91.6 ml/500 mg DM, respectively), and potential gas production; however, the treatments did not significantly affect the b and c values. It can be concluded that, based on the research results, the concentrate containing the highest proportion of tofu waste had the highest cumulative gas production.

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