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<![CDATA[PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KAYU SAWIT DENGAN PERLAKUAN KOMPREGNASI MENGGUNAKAN TANIN RESORSINOL FORMALDEHIDA ]]>
<![CDATA[Okti Rachmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwantiningsih Sugita]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.3.181-190
<![CDATA[Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil producers in the world. The availability of oil palm trunk as a waste of the final crop-harvesting is enormous, inexpensive, and can be a source of sustainable alternative wood for various applications if it can be utilized properly. The weaknesses of oil palm wood characteristics are low in specific gravity, as well as physical and mechanical properties compared to other biomaterial especially wood. This paper studies the oil palm wood quality improvement through compregnation technique using tannin recorcinol formaldehyde (TRF). The study was carried out by coating sample surface of oil palm wood (5 cm × 5 cm × 2 cm) with TRF adhesive composition 1:0.05:0.05 (v/v/v) and followed by cold pressing for 10 mins at 10 kg/cm2 pressure and then followed by hot pressing at 120oC and pressure of 12 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes. Density, hardness, thickness swelling as well as formaldehyde emission, were measured and compared to controls. Results showed that the compregnated wood significantly increased its density by 104.61%, and its hardness by six folds, and the thickness swelling decreased by 85.98%. The compregnated oil palm wood has also increased in strength quality, i.e from strength class V to III.]]>
<![CDATA[10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.129-138 ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>;
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.113-128
<![CDATA[The use of wood filler is vital in wood finishing. However, the most commercial wood fillers available in the market are made of chemical solvent-based resins, such as polyurethane and nitrocellulose. These products contain volatile organic compounds. This study examines performance of alternative and commercial wood fillers. The alternative wood fillers were made from the mixture of putty powder and organic resins, i.e. shellac, acrylic and polyvinyl acetate. The wood fillers were tested on tusam, jabon and rubber wood by assessing their physical, mechanical and chemical performances in comparison with the most commercial wood filler, i.e. nitrocellulose wood filler. Samples of three wood species were treated by spreading them with various wood filler solutions. Weight and dimensional changes due to treatment were determined in wet and dry sample conditions. Chemical and scratch resistance of the wood filler films were also tested to determine their chemical and mechanical performance. Color similarity of the wood filler treated samples and control were evaluated using the CIELab color system. The effect of treatment were varied according to wood species. Tusam samples possess greater weight and dimensional gains than those of jabon and rubber wood samples. All organic wood filler formula could effectively protect wood from water intrution, comparable to that of the commercial wood filler (WF). The organic wood fillers had higher scratch resistance, less chemical resistance, and better color appearance than the commercial WF.]]>
<![CDATA[PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK KAYU MERBAU UNTUK PEREKAT PRODUK LAMINASI BAMBU ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[I.M. Sulastiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Jasni]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.89-100
<![CDATA[The report describes the useof adhesive made frommerbau wood extract (Intsia Spp.) which is allowed tocopolymerize with resorcinol, formaldehyde under alkaline conditions, and tapioca as an extender. The adhesive was used to manufacture three-ply composite board consisting of a back and core layers made from sengon (Falcataria mollucana), and jabon (Anthocephalus chinensis), while the face layer was made either one of three bamboo species, namely, andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea), mayan (Gigantochloa robusta Kurz.), and bitung (Dendrocalamusasper Schult. F.). Result shows that physical-mechanical properties of the composite board with using adhesive by formula (% of weightratio) Merbau extract :Resorcinol 50%: Formaldehyde 37%:Extender=100 : 10 : 10 : 5) were similar with to those of products made of synthetic phenolic adhesive and classified as an exterior quality type with E or 0 F**** typesof low formaldehyde emission.]]>
<![CDATA[KEMUNGKINAN PENGGUNAAN NANO KARBON DARI LIGNOSELULOSA SEBAGAI BIOSENSOR ]]>
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Djeni Hendra]]>;
<![CDATA[Buchari]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhirudin Maddu]]>;
<![CDATA[Mamat Rachmat]]>;
<![CDATA[Muji Harsini]]>;
<![CDATA[Bunga Ayu Safitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Teddi Heriyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Saptadi Darmawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.111-125
<![CDATA[In the forest products field, the nano technology that can be developed is among others nano carbon derived from lignocellulosic stuffs. In relevant, this paper observes information and technology on the charcoal processing from lignocellulosic stuffs into nano carbon. The lignocellulosic stuffs used in this research consisted of teak wood, further carbonized into charcoal at 400-500 C using drum kiln and then purified by re-carbonizing it at 800 C for 60 minutes by using steam and sodium hydroxide (KOH) 15% as activation agent. Prior to purification, the charcoal sustained the doping (intercalation) process with Nicel and re-carbonize again at 900 C for 60 minutes. The qualities and structure of all the resulting carbon were evaluated using nano scale device pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrophotomtry (PyGCMS), scanning electron microscope-energy disverse spectrophotometry (SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and examined as well of their dielectric characteristics. Result show charcoal was examined of its physical and chemical properties. Manufacture of biosensor by using molecularly imprinted polimer (MIP) system based on carbon paste and optimizing. Results show that nano carbon from lignocellulose can be made for biosensor with MIP system. Optimized formulation were mixed with15% MIP, 45% carbon and 40% parafine with nernst factor of 49 mV/decade and limit detection of 1.02x10-6 M at pH4.]]>
<![CDATA[PENENTUAN DAN APLIKASI FORMULA PEREKAT NABATI DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI PADA LAMINASI KAYU JABON ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdurachman]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Rohmah Pari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 39 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2021.39.2.99-105
<![CDATA[The domestic need for phenolic-based wood adhesives is high, but the material is currently imported, then altenative adhesivesare needed. This paper studies the characteristics of mahogany tannins and effective formulation of alternative adhesives made frommahogany bark extracts of mixture tapioca flour and industrial flour as extender applied to composite or glued products. The barkof mahogany was cut to the size of 2 cm x 1 cm x 0.1 cm, extracted with hot water (70–80°C) with a ratio of 1:3 (w/w,material/water) for 3 hours with two repetitions. After extraction product was filtered, and the filtrate was copolymerized usingresorcinol and formaldehyde under alkaline and room temperature conditions to produce resin tannin resorcinol formaldehyde(TRF). The blend of tapioca flour and industrial flour (1:1, w/w) as an extender was used in the TRF application to manufacturecomposite products. The results showed that this mahogany bark liquid extract could be copolymerized to form a resin which thenapplied as a wood adhesive in a cold pressing process. The optimum adhesive formula was a mixture of 0.25 mol of resorcinol and1-mol formaldehyde, with a 15% extender, and a catalyst (NaOH 40%) of 4% of the total weight of the adhesive formulation.The characteristics of mahogany tannin adhesives resemble those of the exterior type phenolic group.]]>
<![CDATA[KUALITAS KAYU LAMINASI DENGAN PEREKAT TANIN DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.151-160
<![CDATA[Chemical components of polyphenols extraction products from mahogany wood (Swietenia macrophylla) andcopolymerized with resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline condition, resulting in a resin that can be used as an adhesive.This paper presents the use of tannin from mahogany bark extract copolymer as laminated wood adhesives. Researchmethods include adhesive formulations, testing of the physical-chemical properties of adhesives, manufacture and qualitytesting of the laminated products, and data analysis. The treatments imposed in this study were adhesive formulations,wood species used as raw materials, and types of products made. The results show that the copolymerized tannin extractfrom mahogany bark could be used as an adhesive in making laminated wood beams (glulam) and laminated boardsof the three wood species i.e. tusam (Pinus merkusii), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), and sengon (Falcatariamoluccana). The bonding quality and mechanical properties of both types of laminated products were comparable withthose of similar products glued with the imported exterior adhesive with low formaldehyde emission, and classified as F** or F *** with the adhesive ratio of T:R:F = (1:0.025:0.1)%, and T:K:F = (1:0.03:0.1)%.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH JENIS BAMBU, WAKTU KEMPA DAN PERLAKUAN PENDAHULUAN BILAH BAMBU TERHADAP SIFAT PAPAN BAMBU LAMINA ]]>
<![CDATA[I.M. Sulastiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 30 No. 3 (2012): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2012.30.3.199-207
<![CDATA[The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of bamboo species, pressing time and pre-treatment of bamboo strips on the properties of laminated bamboo board (LBB). Bamboo strips for LBB fabrication were prepared from mature culms (± 4 years old) of andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) and mayan bamboo (Gigantochloa robusta) collected from private gardens in West Java. The stript from each bamboo species were assigned into 3 groups iry pre-treatment methods, untreated, cold soaking in 7% boron solution for 2 hours, and bleached with 15% bydrogen perocide solution. The LBB was manufactured wring urca formaldeiryde (UF) added with wheat flour equal to 10% of UF. The cold pressing time applied were 4 hours and 5 hours. The results showed that the average density, moisture content and thickness swelling of laminated bamboo boards were 0.76 g) cum', 9.70% and 3.97% respectively. No delamination occurred in all samples using UF Jur, abich indicating high bonding quality. The average bonding strength (dry tests of laminated bamboo board made from andong was bigber (74.8 kg) cnl) than that of mayan bambou (67.9 kylen). Preservation and bleaching treatment of bamboo strips reduced the strength of 1.BB. Several properties of 1.BB were not significantly affected try bamino species esccept the compression strength. In general three-layer thick laminated bamboo board either made from andong or masan bambos hal strength values cumparable to wood strength clars 1. ubereas those stripe bleached witi 15% bydrogen perascide solution bad strength valuer similar to wood strength dair H. Laminated bamboo board is suitable for solid wood sulistitute and performs as alternative material for furniture, interior dezen and building materials.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH ARANG AKTIF DALAM CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKU TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 30 No. 3 (2012): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2012.30.3.236-243
<![CDATA[Formaldebyde emission andpbysical-mechanical properties of particleboard bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) could have negative effects to buman bealth, especially when used in a room with limited ventilation. To reduce formaldebyde emission, anadsorbentcan be applied to raw material as a mixture. This report describes the effect of active charcoal application on formaldehyde emission and physical-mechanical properties of the bonded particleboard. Results showed that application of active charcoal in particleboard production significant changed the product properties. Active charcoal addition as much as 20% of the particle weight to raw material could reduce formaldebryde emission andincreaseplrysical-mechanical propertiesof particleboard, and meet the Indonesian and Japanese Standards.]]>
<![CDATA[SINTESIS PEREKAT TANIN RESORSINOL FORMALDEHIDA DARI EKSTRAK KULIT POHON MANGIUM UNTUK PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BATANG SAWIT ]]>
<![CDATA[Okti Rachmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwantiningsih Sugita]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.1.33-46
<![CDATA[Oil palm trunk is lower in dimensional stability, density, physical, and mechanical properties than other wood species. Efforts to overcome the weakness of the oil palm trunk properties could be conducted through densification with hot pressing and chemical adhesive addition. This paper studies optimum composition of Tannin Resorcinol Formaldehyde (TRF) in its application for improving the quality of oil palm trunk. The tannins were water extracted at 75°C and further copolymerized with resorcinol and formaldehyde. TRF was studied through functional group analysis using infrared spectroscopy and cristallinity test using X-ray diffraction. The TRF adhesive was applied through compregnation process. Results showed that reactivity of tannins in bark of Acacia mangium was 65.82%, the optimum adhesive composition of TRF (v/v) was = 1:0.05:0.05 with solid content of 8.33%, 0.09% free formaldehyde, and the degree of crystallinity was 10.92%. Tannin extract has a specific character on the wave number corresponding to the characteristics possessed by the imported tannin acacia standard. The presence of new functional groups and an increase in absorbance intensity of uptake at several wave numbers through infrared spectroscopy analysis on TRF as well as compregnated oil palm trunk indicate the occurrence bonds attributted by ether and methylene bridges to TRF and chemical compound on oil palm trunk. Oil palm trunk after compregnation significantly increased its density by 104.61%, hardness became 6 fold, and decreased the thickness swell to 85.98%. The oil palm trunk after compregnation also increased in quality from a wood strength class V to a wood strength class III, then, its potential for manufacturing exterior products.]]>
<![CDATA[PENYEMPURNAAN SIFAT PAPAN SERAT BERKERAPATAN TINGGI DARI CAMPURAN RUMPUT GELAGAH, TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT, DAN BAMBU ]]>
<![CDATA[Dian Anggraini Indrawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Han Roliadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rossi Margareth Tampubolon]]>;
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Iqbal]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2015.33.3.193-214
<![CDATA[Laboratory-scale manufactured hardboard made of Saccharum Sponaneoun Grasses (SSG), Empty Oil-palm Bunches (EOPB), and andong bamboo is potentially developed. However, initial experiment shows the hardboard did not meet Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) and International Standard Organization (ISO) for hardboard. This paper observes modification of the hardboard to satisfy the standards. Modification includes adding alkali concentration during pulp cooking and changing the additives composition. Result shows modification can enhance the hardboard quality to satisfy JIS and ISO requirements. Fiber mixture of SSG pulp and andong/betung bamboo pulp was cooked in 10.5% alkali concentration; and 12% alkali concentration for EOPB pulp. Additives composition used were tannin-resorcinol formaldehyde/TRF adhesive, alum, and activated charcoal; without wax emulsion. The mixture of SSG pulp (50%) + EOPB pulp (50%) was the most prospective for hardboard, followed by SSG pulp (100%) solely; SSG pulp (50%) + andong bamboo pulp (50%); and SSG pulp (50%) + betung bamboo pulp (50%) as the lowest prospects. The least prospective fibrous material (betung bamboo) are expectedly be improved by using more TRF adhesive, nano-size activated charcoal and cross-linking agents.]]>
