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Spatial Distribution and Suitability of the Endemic Babirusa Habitat (Babyrousa babyrussa) on Buru Island, Maluku using Maximum Entropy Rakuasa, Heinrich; Khromykh, Vadim V; Latue, Philia Christi; Manakane, Susan E; Somae, Glendy; Joshua, Benson
BIOPENDIX: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan dan Terapan Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Biopendix: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan & Terapan
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Unpatti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/biopendixvol13issue1page41-51

Abstract

Buru Island is the endemic habitat of the Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa), facing pressures from human activities and habitat fragmentation. This study used the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modeling method to map the spatial distribution and assess the habitat suitability of Babirusa based on environmental variables including elevation, slope, temperature, land cover, distance to water, and distance from built-up areas. The results show that the habitat is divided into four main classes: Very Low at 24.95%, Low at 31.67%, Moderate at 29.71%, and High at 13.68% of the total island area, which requires more intensive management and protection. Elevation and distance from settlements have an influence but with relatively small contributions, indicating the species’ tolerance to elevation variation. This model provides a scientific basis for integrated conservation strategies, including habitat management, reduction of anthropogenic pressures, and sustainable spatial planning based on habitat suitability to ensure the long-term survival of Babirusa on Buru Island.
Implementation Strategy of a Community-Based Tourism Approach at Siwang Village Tourist Destination, Ambon City, Maluku Province, Indonesia Toisuta , Meike Elsa; Yamres Pakniany; Alce Albartin Sapulette; Asweres A.F. Termas; Elvis Salouw; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Asian Journal of Environmental Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Available online
Publisher : CV. Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/ajer.v3i1.550

Abstract

The development of tourist destinations with a community-based tourism approach is one form of alternative tourism that has the potential to be carried out. Tourism destination development activities carried out by the community often unknowingly have implemented a community-based tourism approach, as happened in the tourist destination of Siwang Village, Ambon City. Through a qualitative methodology, this study found that the people in Siwang Village have successfully implemented a community-based tourism approach to develop their tourism potential and attractiveness. Siwang Village is one of the mountainous tourist destinations in Ambon City, Maluku Province, which has been successfully managed independently by optimizing its potential and human resources. This research was conducted in 2021 by making the community key informants and policy makers and tourists additional informants.
Land Cover Modeling in 2034 in Waiheru Watershed, Ambon City, Indonesia Using CA-Markov Rakuasa, Heinrich; Khromykh, Vadim
Journal of Applied Geospatial Information Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Applied Geospatial Information (JAGI)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jagi.v9i2.8580

Abstract

The increasing demand for land due to population growth and community activities in Ambon City certainly has an impact on land cover changes in the Waiheru Watershed. Therefore, it is important to model future land cover as a sustainable environmental planning material. This study aims to analyze land cover changes in 2014, 2019, 2024 and model land cover in 2034 with the Cellular Automata Markov Chain (CA-Markov) approach. This method integrates historical land cover data and factors driving land use change, elevation, slope, distance from road, distance from river, population, distance from point of interst. The results show a trend of conversion of mixed agricultural land into residential areas, which certainly has the potential to exacerbate ecosystem vulnerability in the Waiheru watershed. Settlement land cover continues to increase in area, namely 68.78 ha in 2014, 77.73 ha in 2019, 96.72 ha in 2024 and the modeling results in 2034 show that settlement land has an area of 138.65 ha, this is in contrast to the forest area which has decreased due to the expansion of population settlements.These findings are expected to provide insights for policy makers and urban planners in formulating sustainable land management strategies, as well as maintaining a balance between development needs and environmental conservation in the Waiheru watershed.
Analysis Antioxidant of Clove Leaves (Syzygium aromaticum) as a Source of Bioactive Compounds Wael, Syahran; Arini, Ine; Muskita, Marike; Rakuasa, Heinrich
RUMPHIUS Vol 8 No 1 (2026): RUMPHIUS Pattimura Biological Journal
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/rumphiusv8i1p047-054

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the chloroform extract of clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum) as a source of bioactive compounds. Unlike most previous studies that predominantly focused on essential oils or polar extracts of clove, this research specifically investigates the antioxidant potential of the semi-polar chloroform extract, which remains relatively underexplored. Extraction was performed using chloroform to obtain semi-polar compounds with potential biological activity. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, which are known to function as natural antioxidants. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay based on the ability of the sample to neutralize free radicals. The results demonstrated an increase in percentage inhibition with increasing extract concentration, indicating a positive linear relationship between concentration and antioxidant activity. Linear regression analysis yielded an IC₅₀ value of 69.40 ppm, classifying the extract as having strong antioxidant activity. In comparison, ascorbic acid exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 8.75 ppm, indicating very strong antioxidant activity. This difference is attributed to the nature of ascorbic acid as a pure compound, whereas the chloroform extract consists of a complex mixture of secondary metabolites. The novelty of this study lies in highlighting the significant antioxidant potential of the semi-polar chloroform fraction of clove leaves, thereby expanding the understanding of solvent-specific bioactive compound distribution and providing new insight into its possible application in functional food and pharmaceutical development. Overall, the findings suggest that the chloroform extract of clove leaves has promising potential as a natural source of bioactive compounds for further development.
Spatial Analysis of Land Cover Changes on Obi Island, Indonesia due to Nickel Mining Activities Wlary, Anelia P.; Purwantara, Suhandi; Rakuasa, Heinrich; Khromykh, Vadim V.
Jurnal Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan Vol 12, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsal.2025.012.03.2

Abstract

Obi Island in North Maluku Province, Indonesia, has undergone significant land cover changes due to the expansion of nickel mining activities, especially since official operations began in 2010; the conversion of built-up land and vegetated areas into mining and settlement zones has increased pressure on land carrying capacity and contributed to more frequent flooding during the rainy season. This study uses spatial analysis based on Landsat 5 (1995) and Landsat 8 OLI (2025) satellite imagery to map land cover changes over three decades. The results show an increase in built-up land area from 448.84 hectares to 698.67 hectares, as well as the emergence of a 4,963.67-hectare mining area in 2025, while open land, water bodies, and vegetation have significantly declined. These findings demonstrate the direct impact of mining activities on landscape dynamics and the local environment, necessitating sustainable management and mitigation measures to maintain ecological balance and reduce the risk of related disasters.Keywords: LULC, Nickel Mining, Obi island
Application of GIS for Flood Modeling on Small Islands: A Case Study of Ternate Island, Indonesia Stewart Pertuack; Reinhard Nolly Limba; Juan S. I. Septory; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Journal of Scientific Insights Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/jsi.v3i2.697

Abstract

Floods are hydrometeorological disasters that occur almost every year in Indonesia, including Ternate City. Floods that occurred in 2024 caused 15 people to be injured, 16 people to die, and as many as 25 units of houses to be affected by this disaster. One of the disaster mitigation efforts is to map flood-prone areas by utilizing GIS and remote sensing data. The variables used consist of elevation, slope, LULC, distance from the river, soil type, and rainfall. This research uses the multicriteria evaluation method, in addition to the multicriteria evaluation method, and also uses weighted linear combination. The results showed that the area in the high flood vulnerability class was 15.08%, or 1,532.92 ha; the medium class was 31.24%, or 3,175.21 ha; and the area in the low flood vulnerability level had an area of 5,454.24 ha, or 53.67%. The built-up land predicted to be affected by future flooding has the largest extent in the high-risk zone, covering 1,147.59 ha or 54.12%, compared to built-up land in the moderate and low-risk zones.. The results of this study are expected to help the Ternate government in overcoming the flood problem there.
Co-Authors Abdul Muin Adi Jufriansah Adifan, Muhammad Rayhan Ahmad Jaelani Ahmad Rifai Ahmat Rifai , Ahmat Rifai Alce Albartin Sapulette Amahoru , Abd H Amelia, Risky Nuri Amponsah, Anastasia Arda Fadhli Romadhon Ardin Suwandi, Mohamad ARINI, INE Aswan, Marwis Asweres A.F. Termas Budnikov, Viktor Vladimirov Budnikov, Viktor Vladimirovich C Latue, Philia Christi Latue, Philia Daniel Anthoni Sihasale Darisera, Stiadi Darisera, Stiadi Ivanto Diaz Astiza , Diaz Astiza Do Huy-Hoang Dzaka A Faris Dzaka Ashriel Faris Elvis Salouw Fadlan Turi Faris, Dzaka. A Gustavo, Geoffrey John Pascal Halawa, Feberman Halim Halim Halim, Halim Hehanussa, Fekry Salim Helwend, Joseba Kristina Hidayatullah, Muh Hidayatullah, Muh. Imanuel Septory, Juan Steiven Joshua, Benson Juan S. I. Septory Kamiludin, Kamiludin Kappy, Tresia M Karuna, Joan Ria Khromykh , Vadim V. Khromykh, Vadim Khromykh, Vadim V Khromykh, Vadim V. Khusnani , Azmi Kusratmoko, Supriatna, Eko Laitupa , Rizky Ahmad Langputeh, Sukree Latue , Philia Christi Latue, Philia Latue, Philia C Latue, Philia Christi Latue, Philia, Christi Latue, Theochrasia Latulanit , Abdul Kadir Letedara, Reindino Letedara, Reindino` Liwan, Sandy Lubis, Aufar Raynanda Luturmas, Jochbeth D. Maimina, Steiven Mehdil, Marhelin Chostansa Mehdila, Marhelin C Mohammad Amin Lasaiba Muh Hidayatullah Muh. Hidayatullah Muhammad Ikhsan Muskita, Marike Nasution, Rafly Aulya Rizky Nathanya I Alicia Nordin, Norazah Nurul Achmadi , Panji Pakniany, Yamres Pertuak, Anesia Clorita Philia Christi Latue Pinoa, W S Pitri, Mellia Laura Purnama , Aventus Purwantara, Suhandi Rafly Aulya Rizky Nasution Rahayaan , Muhamad F. M. Raihan Rabbani Rajani , La Mbeli Rajani, La Mbeli RAMDHANI RAMDHANI Reinhard Nolly Limba Ria Karuna, Joan Rifai , Ahmat Rifai, Ahmat Rinaldi, Muhamad Rohima Wahyu Ningrum, Rohima Wahyu Sarfan , Riri Septory, Juan Steiven Imanuel Sihasale, Daniel A Sihasale, Daniel Anthoni Sipiel, Roni Somae, Glendy Stewart Pertuack Sugandhi, Nadhi Sugandhi, Nandhi Supriatna, s Susan E. Manakane, Susan E. Suwandi, Mohamad Ardin Syahran Wael Tade , Ferdi Tambunan, Mangapul Parlindungan Tambunan, Rudy Parluhutan Tamrin Robo Tehupelasury, Syifa Toisuta , Meike Elsa Triani, Triani Turi, Fadlan Viktor Vladimirovich Budnikov Wahab, Wulan Abdul Wlary, Anelia P. Wulandari, Agustia Ayu Wutres, Sadrak L. Yamres Pakniany Yuni Andriyani Safitri