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Journal : Biomedika

STUDI KOMPARATIF INVITRO AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL, FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAN ISOLAT AKTIF KULIT DELIMA (PUNICA GRANATUM L.): In Vitro Comparative Study Antioxidant of Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate Fraction And Active Isolate of Pomegranate Peel (Punica Granatum L.) Sri Wahyuni; Iin Novita Nurhidayati Mahmuda; Maryati; Aditya Putra Perdana; Maharotullaili Nur Azizah
Biomedika Vol 15, No 1 (2023): Biomedika Februari 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i1.1751

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) is widely used for health. Pomegranate peel is part of the pomegranate fruit which is often discarded and has not been widely used. Pomegranate peel is thought to contain antioxidants. One of the examinations for antioxidants is the 1,1 dipheyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, by calculating the IC50 value, where the smaller the IC50 value means that the stronger of antioxidant potential. The purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and the active isolate from pomegranate peel. The antioxidant potency was tested using the DPPH, using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer, at 515 nm wavelength. Isolation of isolates was carried out by column chromatography shepadex and TLC with toluene as mobile phase; ethyl acetate : formic acid : methanol, with a ratio of 3:3:0.8:0.2. The purity of the isolate was detected by HPLC, with water-methanol as the mobile phase. The research results showed that 96% ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and active isolate from pomegranate peel have potential as antioxidants with IC50 4.52 ± 0.00, 2.71 ± 0.01, and 0.979 x 10-5 ± 0.00 µg/mL, respectively, the positive control was vitamin C, had an IC50 3.66 ± 0.02 µg/mL. The conclusion of this study is that pomegranate peel isolate has the strongest antioxidant potential, compared to 96% ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of pomegranate peel, and even vitamin C. ABSTRAK Delima (Punica granatum L) banyak dimanfaatkan untuk kesehatan. Kulit delima merupakan bagian dari delima yang sering kali dibuang dan belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Kulit delima diduga memiliki kandungan antioksidan. Salah satu pemeriksaan antioksidan adalah dengan metode 1,1 dipheyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), dengan menghitung nilai IC50, dimana semakin kecil nilai IC50 dapat diartikan bahwa semakin kuat potensi antioksidannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan aktivitas antioksidan dari ektrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat, dan isolat aktif kulit delima. Potensi antioksidan diuji dengan metode DPPH, dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, pada panjang gelombang 515 nm. Isolasi isolat dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom shepadex dan KLT dengan fase gerak toluene: etil asetat: asam format: metanol, dengan perbandingan 3:3:0.8:0.2. Kemurnian isolat di deteksi dengan HPLC, dengan fase gerak air-metanol. Hasil peneiltian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96%, fraksi etil asetat dan isolat aktif dari kulit delima memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan, dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 4,52 ± 0,00; 2,71 ± 0,01; dan 0,979 x 10-5 ± 0,00 µg/ mL, sebagai kontrol positif vitamin C memiliki nilai IC50 3,66 ± 0,02 µg/ mL. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa isolat kulit delima memiliki potensi antioksidan terkuat, dibandingkan ekstrak etanol 96% dan fraksi etil asetat kulit delima, bahkan juga vitamin C.
High Mortality Among Clinically Pneumocytis Pneumonia Infection in Low CD4 HIV Patients: Case Series Nurhidayati Mahmuda, Iin Novita; Harioputro , Dhani Redhono; Susilo , R. Satriyo Budhi; Sumandjar , Tatar; Arifin , Arifin
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.3823

Abstract

Objective: The number of HIV cases in Indonesia reached a peak in 2019 with 50,282 cases dispersed over 407 of 507 districts and cities (or 80%) of the country's provinces. Central Java is the province after DKI Jakarta and East Java which has a mortality of 12.41 and an HIV/AIDS prevalence of 22% of all cases. High mortality in HIV patients influenced by very low CD4 count ≤ 50 cells/mm3. Identification of clinical characteristics, risk factors and causes of death is very important to carry out optimal management of HIV/AIDS for delaying the progression of infection and saving lives. Design and method: We identified three patients with newly diagnosed HIV between January to April, 2023. We provide demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, chest x-ray imaging and final outcome. Results: We presented 3 newly diagnosed HIV patients. They are still young < 40 years old, the majority have BMI < 18.5. Major opportunistic infections are oral candidiasis (100%), Pruritic Popular Eruption (PPE), pulmonary infection due to Tuberculosis, Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and bacterial pneumonia. Hematological alteration dominated by anemia. Increased of transaminase enzyme and hyponatremia are also common. All patients had CD4 count < 20 cells/mm3, only one patient survived. Causes of death were pulmonary infection mainly due to clinical PCP. Conclusion: PCP is one of the fatal opportunistic infections in HIV. It is necessary to be diagnosed as early as possible so that patients can start Anti-Retro Viral (ARV) at an early stage to improve prognosis.
Concurrent Dengue and Malaria Infection : A Case Series Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Harioputro , Dhani Redhono; Susilo, R. Satriyo Budhi; Arifin , Arifin; Sumandjar , Tatar
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.7898

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria and dengue are endemic in Indonesia, and therefore, may result in the possibility of co-infection. Urban demographic expansion, deforestation, and agricultural settlements in peri-urban areas are known causes of the increase in the probability of concurrent infection of these two diseases. It is reasonable to envisage that the occurrence of concurrent infections would not be rare, mainly during outbreaks of dengue in the rainy season. However, due to non-systematic investigation of both diseases, only a few cases of malaria and dengue co-infection have been reported. These three patients demonstrated co-infection manifestations with good outcomes and prognoses. Case Illustrations: Two cases of co-infection of malaria vivax and dengue fever in male patients aged 35 and 43 years. The difference between these two cases is that one patient had experienced a previous episode of malaria with a fever lasting less than 5 days. Meanwhile, one patient who had never suffered from malaria experienced a relatively longer fever episode, up to 14 days. Thrombocytopenia in these two patients was still above 50,000/µL and rose quickly after anti-malarial administration. The third case was a 47-year-old woman with co-infection of malaria falciparum and dengue. This woman lived in Papua and had been infected with malaria before. This third case showed platelet numbers reaching levels as low as 38,000/µL and hypotension without signs of shock in the critical phase of dengue. The three patients did not show complications from other organs due to malaria or dengue and responded well to antimalarials with good outcomes. These patients were treated with a combination of DHP and primaquine, along with supportive care for fever and fluid management. Conclusion: Whenever co-infection is confirmed, we recommend careful monitoring for bleeding and hepatic complications, which may result in a higher chance of severity. Careful and intense monitoring of fluid requirements is necessary to avoid complications of fluid overload.
Co-Authors Adhalia, Lian Aditya Putra Perdana Affifah, Fathiyya Noor Akbar Wardhana Angiesta Pinakesty Aqmarina, Nadia Wdihi Arifin , Arifin Azahra Khansa Muza Bahrodin, Bahrodin Bambang Sutanto Binuko, Raafika Studiviani Dwi Citra Saputra, Rada Dessy Dessy Devi Usdiana Rosyidah Doni Priambodo Dwi, Raafika Studiviani Em Sutrisna Erika Diana Risanti Fairuz Ulfah Faizah, Ishmah Nur Fakhri Nofaldi Fauziah, Nida Faradisa Febrian Dwi Cahyo Febrian, Rizky Ferika Dian Syafitri Fuad Gandhi Torizal Harioputro , Dhani Redhono Herdiana, Nandya Ilhami, Afiq Zakie Indriyati Oktoviano R Iwan Setiawan Izzati, Sofi Filda Jati, Izzah Tsaqoofah Juwita, Triana Rahma Kania, Yulia Intan Khairunnisa, Reza Khotik, Laisa Kurnia Retnowati Kurnia Retnowati, Kurnia Lestari, Nining Lian Adhalia Listiana Masyita Dewi Maharotullaili Nur Azizah Marhamah, Nisrinah Marsya, Vitania Marwah, Azarine Maryati Maslahah, Syah Fillia Nurul Maulana, Yudrik Maya Monica Manurung Metana Puspitasari Mubaraq, Syahrun El Nadia Wdihi Aqmarina Nanda Dhea Ayu Sawitri Nanda Dhea Ayu Sawitri Nanda Nurkusumasari Nandya Herdiana Naruma, Anteng Nisa, Faridita Khoirun Nugrahaeni, Sarwasri Fajra Nugraheni, Frida Asfarina Oktafiani, Niken Sari Oktoviano R, Indriyati Pinakesty, Angiesta Poetrie Wulandari Ruswandi Prasetyo, Andri Sugeng Prihatin Puji Astuti Priscillah, Wildan Putra, Catur Permana Putriyantiwi, Idoviari Raafika Studiviani Dwi Binuko Rajendra, Hafish Harfian Ratnasari Bondan Wijayanti Rezki, Yuniana Nur Riandini Aisyah Rochmadina Suci Bestari Ruswandi, Poetrie Wulandari Safari Wahyu Jatmiko Sahilah Ermawati Santi, Tika Melandya Sifak, Sheila Faadhila Siti Soekiswati Sri Wahyu Basuki Sri Wahyuni Srirojanakul, Sirada Subekti, Tyas Hanurita Sulistyani , Sulistyani Sulistyani Sulistyani Sumandjar , Tatar Susilo , R. Satriyo Budhi Susilo, R. Satriyo Budhi Syah, Devan Adil Taroeno, Suryo Aribowo Tri Agustina, Tri Triana Rahma Juwita Tyas Hanurita Subekti Ulfah, Fairuz Utami, Musrifah Budi Wibowo, Muhammad Irfan Sulystyo Wildan Priscillah Yaasiin, Putri Isa Maharani Yamsun, Rahmat Dani Yudrik Maulana Yuniana Nur Rezki Zelindrah, Virgil