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All Journal Jurnal Medik Veteriner The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research Narra X
Zulkifli, Baidillah
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Veterinary

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A one health perspective on antimicrobial susceptibility testing and multidrug resistance patterns of Escherichia coli from exotic pets in Banda Aceh, Indonesia Ferasyi, Teuku Reza; Abrar, Mahdi Abrar; Ismail, Ismail; Admi, Masda; Sari, Wahyu Eka; Awaluddin, Awaluddin; Rosalia, Rosalia; Wardhani, Lailia Dwi Kusuma; Zulkifli, Baidillah; Rosa, Teuku Shaddiq; Kamaruzaman, Intan Noor Aina; Hemelikova, Adela
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss1.2026.272-290

Abstract

Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli is widely used as an indicator organism in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance, with most studies focusing on livestock. However, AMR in companion animals, particularly exotic pet species in Indonesia, remains poorly explored. This preliminary study aimed to presumptively detect resistant E. coli in pigeons, civets, and iguanas housed in pet shops located on Seutui’s main road in the city of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to collect 15 fecal samples from pigeons (n = 9), civets (n = 3), and iguanas (n = 3) kept in three pet shops from June to July 2025. E. coli isolates were confirmed using Eosin Methylene Blue agar (EMBA). Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby–Bauer method against five antibiotics: cephalothin (CEP, 30 μg), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT, 25 μg), ciprofloxacin (CIP, 5 μg), tetracycline (TE, 30 μg), and chloramphenicol (CHL, 30 μg). Presumptive E. coli positivity was confirmed in 46.67% (7/15) of the fecal samples. Species-specific positivity rates were 44.44% (4/9), 33.33% (1/3), and 66.67% (2/3) in pigeons, civets, and iguanas, respectively. The multidrug resistance (MDR) profile across all isolates was 85.71% (6/7). Species-specific MDR was observed in 75.00% (3/4) of pigeon-derived isolates and 100% of both civet-derived (n = 1) and iguana-derived isolates (n = 2). In conclusion, multidrug-resistant E. coli was detected in pigeons, civets, and iguanas housed in pet shops. A One Health approach and mitigation framework should be implemented to control AMR in pet shops and other relevant veterinary settings.
Co-Authors Abrar, Mahdi Abrar Al-Mathari, Alif Amiruddin Amiruddin asrizal, cynthia wahyu Athaillah, Farida Awaluddin Awaluddin Chiari, Williams Daniel Daniel Darmawi . Dian Masyitha Erdiansyah Rahmi Faisal Mustafa Fajar Fakri Fajri, Fauzan Farhana, Rika Gholib Gholib, Gholib Habibie, Maulana Hamny Hamny Hemelikova, Adela Hidayat, Farah Amalia Isitua, Chinwe C. Ismail Ismail Jasa, Zafrullah Khany Kamaruzaman, Intan Noor Aina Kartini Hasballah Maryam, Tjut Masda Admi Maulina, Novi Muhammad Hambal Mulki, Putria Mulyadi Adam, Mulyadi Muslim Akmal Muttaqien Muttaqien, Muttaqien Nanda Yulian Syah Nirmala, Fadya Nnabuife, Loveday Nora Usrina NURLIANA NURLIANA Odigie, Joan Qomariah, Annisa Nurul Riandi, Lian Varis Rosa, Teuku Shaddiq rosalia rosalia Roslizawaty Roslizawaty, Roslizawaty Sari, S.Si, M.Si, Wahyu Eka Sari, Wahyu Eka Siska Pratiwi SITTI HAJAR Sri Wahyuni Teuku Reza Ferasyi Teuku Romi Imansyah Putra Triva Murtina Lubis Wardhani, Lailia Dwi Kusuma Yenni Yusriani Zainuddin, Zainuddin Zamzami, Rumi Sahara Zinatul Hayati Zulfitri Zulfitri, Zulfitri Zulkarnain Zulkarnain