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Juxtaposing The Territorial Integrity and Self-Determination Principles in Nagorno-Karabakh Dispute I Gusti Ayu Khanaya Manohara; I Made Budi Arsika; I Made Sena Darmasetiyawan
Jambura Law Review VOLUME 5 NO. 1 JANUARY 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

The separation of the former Soviet Union resulted in non civic divorces; ethnic cleansing, massacres, a territorial dispute which the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute stands as an example of. This conflict has been going on for years and is constantly evolving and regularly flares up resulting in casualties. The differing accusation of Armenia and Azerbaijan regarding the issue of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict create different dimensions of the parties. Armenia sees the settlement as in the framework of self-determination whereas Azerbaijan pertains to the principle of territorial integrity in which both are the basic principles of international law thus leading to confusion regarding the legal dimensions of the conflict. With the most recent aggression, it is paramount now more than ever to seek the best possible settlement to put an end to the dispute. Until recently, Armenia accepts a deal with Russia to surrender the disputed territory by withdrawing its army. The main objective of this article is to give a general assessment of the disputed principles in this case

RETIRE IN PARADISE: URGENSI PENGATURAN PARIWISATA PENSIUNAN (RETIREMENT TOURISM) DI INDONESIA I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja; I Made Budi Arsika; Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati; Putu Tuny Cakabawa Landra
Arena Hukum Vol. 11 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Arena Hukum

AbstractConsidering to a series of problems, particularly related to the environment of conventional tourism development patterns, Indonesia should start developing retirement tourism. Compare to conventional tourism, retirement tourism has more significant benefits, both seen from the financial ability of tourists, job opportunities, tourist attractions, and its proximity with the vision of sustainable tourism. From international, national, and local regulations, the Indonesian government has a legal basis to create and develop retirmenet tourism. In relation to the construction of regulatory model of retirmenet tourism in Indonesia, there would be three model to be considered, namely (1) the regulatory model that considers the special nature and needs of retirement tourist; (2) the regulatory model that supports the concept of sustainable tourism; and (3) the regulatory model that collaborates with other tourism-related institutions. In addition, as a comparative form of study, this model should consider the law and practice of retirement tourism in other ASEAN countries, especially if they have a more organised system in handling retirement tourism.Abstrak Dengan memperhatikan sederet permasalahan, khususnya terkait lingkungan hidup dari pola pengembangan pariwisata konvensional, Indonesia sudah selayaknya mulai mengembangkan pariwisata pensiunan. Pariwisata pensiunan memiliki sejumlah keuntungan, baik dilihat dari kemampuan finansial wisatawannya, peluang kerja, atraksi wisata, dan kedekatan visi pengembangannya dengan visi pariwisata berkelanjuta. Dengan melihat pengaturan internasional, nasional, dan lokal, pemerintah Indonesia memiliki dasar yuridis untuk mengembangkan pariwisata pensiunan secara integral dan komprehensif. Terkait dengan konstruksi model pengaturan pariwisata pensiunan, terdapat tiga model pengaturan yang dapat dikembangkan meliputi: (1) model pengaturan yang memperhatikan sifat dan kebutuhan khusus wisatawan pensiunan; (2) model pengaturan yang mendukung konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan; dan (3) model pengaturan yang bersinergi dengan instansi lain yang terkait. Disamping itu, sebagai bentuk komparatif studi, model pengaturan pariwisata pensiunan selayaknya mempertimbangkan model pengaturan pariwisata pensiunan di Negara ASEAN lainnya terutama di negara yang lebih dulu dan lebih terorganisir dalam mengelola pariwisata pensiunan.

Isu Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Penerapan Deportasi terhadap Tenaga Kerja Asing di Bali I Made Budi Arsika; Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati; Sagung Putri M E Purwani
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2016): June
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v11i1.5961

Artikel ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis penghormatan, perlindungan, dan pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dalam pengaturan hukum keimigrasian mengenai tindakan deportasi terhadap Tenaga Kerja Asing (TKA) di Indonesia. Selain itu, artikel ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek-aspek yang perlu diperhatikan untuk menjamin bahwa tindakan deportasi yang dilakukan oleh pejabat keimigrasian tidak melanggar HAM yang dimiliki oleh TKA yang bekerja di Bali. Artikel ini didesain sebagai suatu penelitian hukum normatif yang meneliti bahan-bahan hukum yang berkaitan dengan isu deportasi dan TKA yang dipadukan dengan suatu metode penelitian HAM. This article intends to analyze the respect, the protection, and the fulfillment of human rights in the regulation of immigration law on of deportation measures imposed to foreign workers in Indonesia. In addition, it aims to analyze the aspects that need to be considered to ensure that the deportation measures taken by immigration officials would not violate human rights of the foreign workers who work in Bali. This article is designed as a normative legal research that examines the legal materials relating to the issue of deportation and foreign workers, combined with a human rights research method.Â

Kebijakan Travel Warning dan Pembatasan Hak Berwisata I Made Budi Arsika; Ida Bagus Surya Dharma Jaya; Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v13i1.15115

Penerbitan travel warning oleh suatu negara secara faktual berdampak pada tingkat kunjungan wisata ke negara yang dituju. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai praktik negara-negara, termasuk Indonesia, dalam menerapkan kebijakan travel warning. Selain itu, juga secara spesifik akan membahas korelasi antara kebijakan travel warning dengan eksistensi hak berwisata (right to tourism) dalam kerangka hak asasi manusia (HAM). Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis-normatif yang utamanya menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan nasional Indonesia dan instrumen internasional yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik negara-negara dalam dalam penerbitan kebijakan travel warning menunjukkan variasi yang relatif beragam, terutama berkaitan dengan identifikasi risiko dan lembaga yang berwenang untuk menyampaikan imbauan perjalanan. Berkaitan dengan eksistensi hak berwisata (right to tourism) dalam kerangka HAM, kebijakan travel warning merupakan implementasi dari kewajiban negara untuk melindungi warga negaranya ketika mereka berada di luar negeri sekaligus merefleksikan tindakan negara untuk menjamin terpenuhinya hak-hak mendasar warga negaranya. Adapun pembatasan hak berwisata oleh negara sesungguhnya dilakukan dalam rangka menjamin terpenuhinya jenis HAM lain yang jauh lebih mendasar dibandingkan dengan pemenuhan hak berwisata yang justru masih dikategorikan sebagai HAM generasi ketiga dan eksistensinya masih diperdebatkan.The publication of travel warning by a country factually impacts the level of tourist visit to the destination country. This study aims to analyze the practice of countries, including Indonesia, in applying travel warning policy. In addition, also specifically will discuss the correlation between travel warning policy with the existence of rights of travel (right to tourism) within the framework of human rights (HAM). This type of research is juridical-normative which primarily analyzes Indonesian national legislation and relevant international instruments. The results of this study indicate that the practice of countries in the issuance of travel warning policy shows a relatively diverse variety, mainly related to the identification of risks and institutions authorized to deliver travel appeals. In relation to the existence of the right of tourism within the human rights framework, the travel warning policy is the implementation of the stateÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s obligation to protect its citizens while abroad while reflecting the stateÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s actions to ensure the fulfillment of the fundamental rights of its citizens. The limitation of travel rights by the state is actually done in order to guarantee the fulfillment of other types of human rights that are far more fundamental than the fulfillment of travel rights that are still categorized as third-generation human rights and its existence is still disputed.

ARRANGEMENTS REGARDING PROPERTY AS A LEGAL CONSEQUENCE OF PRENUPTIAL AGREEMENTS IN MIXED MARRIAGE I Gusti Ayu Agung Siddhamahandari Surya Hadi Sugriwa; I Made Budi Arsika
Jurnal Poros Hukum Padjadjaran Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): JURNAL POROS HUKUM PADJADJARAN
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23920/jphp.v5i1.1499

The increasing intensity of mixed marriages involving Indonesian citizens and foreign citizens has given rise to legal problems related to joint property ownership. Marriage agreements have been seen as a solution to protect the legal rights of both parties. This article aims to analyze the implementation of the principle of freedom of contract in marriage agreements in mixed marriages and examine its legal consequences on the separation of immovable property, which was set as normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The results suggest the principle of freedom of contract underlines that parties to a marriage agreement are free to make agreements regarding property or non-asset as long as they do not conflict with statutory regulations and legal order. However, marriage agreements should only regulate matters relating to assets because disputes on matters other than assets are relatively complex to determine the boundaries. The non-separation of immovable assets entails that Indonesian citizen partners may lose the opportunity to obtain rights over the immovable property because they will later become part of joint ownership with their foreign citizen partner. Therefore, separating assets would ensure Indonesian citizens' land rights.

COLLATERAL DAMAGE: PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN PADA SAAT KONFLIK BERSENJATA DALAM PERSPEKTIF DEEP ECOLOGY Kharismawan, Gede Khrisna; I Made Budi Arsika
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v8i2.5171

International humanitarian law that applies in armed conflict tends to prioritize human interests. The emergence of deep ecology manifests as a critique of the anthropocentrism of war which harms the natural environment. This development implies the need for environmental protection and emphasizes responsibility for environmental damage resulting from armed conflict. This article discusses international legal frameworks that offer protection to the environment in times of armed conflict and presents an analysis of legal protection from a deep ecology perspective. This paper is a normative legal research that applies statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The study's results suggested that several international treaties have adopted international customs in regulating the protection of the environment during armed conflict and forms of responsibility in case a violation occurs. However, those international legal instruments have yet to be optimal in protecting the environment regarding damage standards, coverage of environmental conditions, and the implementation of responsibility for violations.

Mengarustamakan Pendekatan HAM Dalam Perlindungan Lingkungan Hidup di Asia Tenggara: Bagaimana AICHR Memainkan Peran? Budi Arsika, I Made; Utami Ningsih, Dian Islamiati
Simbur Cahaya Volume 31 Nomor 2, Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/sc.v31i2.3845

ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) telah mengadakan Pertemuan ke-36 dan ke-37 pada tahun 2023 dalam membahas permasalahan lingkungan hidup di kawasan ASEAN dengan upaya pembentukan ASEAN Environmental Rights Working Group (AER WG) yang berpijak pada Pasal 28, Pasal 35, Pasal 36, dan Pasal 37 ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (AHRD). Sejatinya, ASEAN belum memiliki suatu institusi khusus untuk penanganan isu lingkungan hidup. Oleh karena itu, ASEAN berkomitmen untuk mewujudkan pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) secara utuh dengan mengimplementasikan juga Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB No. A/RES/76/300 dan Resolusi Dewan HAM PBB No. 48/13. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan analisis dan konseptual hukum, dan pendekatan fakta. Hasil penelitian ini adalah HAM dan perlindungan lingkungan hidup memiliki sinergisitas dengan adanya hak dan kewajiban yang diatur di dalam suatu hukum. Sehubungan dengan itu, terdapat perubahan paradigma akibat perubahan iklim yang masif terhadap perluasan makna dan pengakuan dari hak lingkungan yang bersih menjadi hak lingkungan hidup yang aman, sehat, bersih, dan berkelanjutan. Perubahan tersebut juga mendorong ASEAN untuk mengimplementasikan AHRD secara maksimal. Akan tetapi, pada faktanya ASEAN belum optimal melaksanakan karena masih ada peraturan yang belum terkoordinir di dalam AHRD. Oleh sebab itu, ASEAN melalui AICHR telah memetakan Five Year Work Plan (FYWP) 2021 – 2025 yang berisi pendekatan HAM berbasis lingkungan hidup. Kondisi saat ini, AICHR telah mencoba untuk memaksimalkan aktualisasi hak atas lingkungan hidup meskipun masih di tahap awal melalui AER WG. Adapun kesimpulan penulisan ini adalah AER WG menjadi salah satu alat AICHR mengarustamakan pendekatan HAM terhadap perlindungan lingkungan hidup.

Reforming Digital Mapping Regulations for Preventing Spatial Planning Violations in Indonesia: A Lesson from Australia Widiatedja, I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit; Hosen, Nadirsyah; Yasa, Putu Gede Arya Sumerta; Arsika, I Made Budi; Shara, Made Cinthya Puspita
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Reforming Legal Frameworks: Justice, Rights, and Innovation in Indonesia and Be
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v9i2.1782

Digital maps of the detailed plans play a crucial role in enforcing spatial planning regulations, providing clarity on permissible areas and assisting authorities in ensuring adherence. Despite existing regulations, violations are common, notably in Bali's tourism sector. The Job Creation Law 2023 then mandates accessible digital map issuance for detailed plans, integrating them into online submission systems to enhance transparency. Nonetheless, challenges persist, with many plans awaiting conversion into maps, underscoring the ongoing need for procedural efficiency in Indonesia. In Australia, local governments oversee planning decisions, with state involvement in strategic planning, exemplified by Victoria's governance under the Planning and Environmental Act 1987. Planning schemes that contain digital maps, determine land use rules, often categorized into zones with various permit requirements. Victoria's adoption of the smart planning initiative aims to improve accessibility and engagement through user-friendly digital platforms. By looking at Australia’s practices, this paper finds that Indonesia should address regulatory, technical, and coordination challenges, alongside prioritizing public involvement and professional cooperation in order to enhance Indonesia's digital map issuance processes and promote more effective spatial planning governance.

COLLATERAL DAMAGE: PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN PADA SAAT KONFLIK BERSENJATA DALAM PERSPEKTIF DEEP ECOLOGY Kharismawan, Gede Khrisna; I Made Budi Arsika
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v8i2.5171

International humanitarian law that applies in armed conflict tends to prioritize human interests. The emergence of deep ecology manifests as a critique of the anthropocentrism of war which harms the natural environment. This development implies the need for environmental protection and emphasizes responsibility for environmental damage resulting from armed conflict. This article discusses international legal frameworks that offer protection to the environment in times of armed conflict and presents an analysis of legal protection from a deep ecology perspective. This paper is a normative legal research that applies statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The study's results suggested that several international treaties have adopted international customs in regulating the protection of the environment during armed conflict and forms of responsibility in case a violation occurs. However, those international legal instruments have yet to be optimal in protecting the environment regarding damage standards, coverage of environmental conditions, and the implementation of responsibility for violations.

TOWARDS A RECOGNISED RIGHT TO A SHARED CULTURE AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL: How Will ASEAN Address Diversity? Arsika, I Made Budi; Suyatna, I Nyoman; Purwani, Sagung Putri M.E
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 15, No 1 (2024): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v15i1.27149

ASEAN documents have officially upheld the principle of unity in diversity and agreed on the spirit of one identity and community. However, there is a pronounced tendency for ASEAN countries to struggle with each other with several differences, including cultural tensions. This paper aims to analyse the possibility of recognising a regionally shared culture as jointly claimed collective cultural rights by taking the example of Intangible Cultural Heritage ICH. It is designed as legal research applying statutory, historical, conceptual, and comparative approaches. This research collects norms and principles covering the issues of ICH and cultural rights and conducts a literature study, suggesting that cultural rights, which represent the intersecting of cultural and human rights aspects, have yet to be fully understood as collective cultural rights. ICH is an example of how ASEAN countries are sometimes heated up in non-harmony relations. The possibility of recognising a regionally shared culture in the context of collective cultural rights then, more or less, relies on the ongoing development of the Narrative of ASEAN Identity, the routine convening of human rights dialogues, and the initiation of the ASEAN Cultural Heritage List. These findings are then expected to be considered by ASEAN policymakers. Dokumen-dokumen ASEAN mencatumkan iktikad untuk menjunjung tinggi prinsip persatuan dalam keberagaman dan menyepakati semangat satu identitas dan komunitas. Dalam kenyatannya, negara-negara anggota ASEAN justru bergelut dengan sejumlah persoalan antara negara yang satu dengan negara lainnya, termasuk mengenai ketegangan budaya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemungkinan mengakui budaya bersama secara regional sebagai hak budaya kolektif yang diklaim bersama dengan mengambil contoh warisan budaya tak benda (WBTB). Artikel ini dirancang sebagai penelitian hukum yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, sejarah, konsep, dan perbandingan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan norma-norma dan prinsip-prinsip yang mengatur isu WBTB dan hak budaya serta melakukan studi literatur. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa hak budaya, yang mewakili persilangan antara aspek budaya dan hak asasi manusia (HAM), belum sepenuhnya dipahami sebagai hak budaya kolektif. WBTB menjadi contoh bagaimana negara-negara ASEAN terkadang berada dalam hubungan yang tidak harmonis antara satu dengan lainnya. Adapun kemungkinan untuk mengakui budaya bersama secara regional dalam konteks hak budaya kolektif dapat disandarkan pada pengembangan Narasi Identitas ASEAN, penyelenggaraan dialog HAM secara rutin, dan upaya pembentukan Daftar Warisan Budaya ASEAN. Temuan-temuan ini diharapkan dapat dipertimbangkan oleh para pengambil kebijakan di ASEAN.

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