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All Journal Jurnal KALAM Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Syifa al-Qulub : Jurnal Studi Psikoterapi Sufistik Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun Teosofia: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Mysticism Al-Albab Bidayah: Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman Community Empowerment Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Keuangan ISLAH : JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC LITERATURE AND HISTORY Spiritual Healing: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Psikoterapi IRSYADUNA: Jurnal Kemahasiswaan Spiritualita : Journal of Ethics and Spirituality Najwa Indonesian Journal of Islamic Education and Local Culture ISLAMIC PEDAGOGY: Journal of Islamic Education Eduslamic: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam dan Keagamaan ISTIFHAM Academic Journal of Islamic Principles and Philosophy Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Jurnal Pendidikan Islam JISRev: Journal of Islamic Studies Review IRSYADUNA: Jurnal Kemahasiswaan Academica: Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies Journal of Islamic Mysticism, Psychotherapy, and Philosophy ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
M. Agus Wahyudi
Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Epistemology of Ṭarīqa: Reframing Sufi Orders as Systems of Spiritual Education M. Agus Wahyudi; Ady Muh. Zainul Mustofa; Muhaimin Abdillah; Nur Sidik
JISRev: Journal of Islamic Studies Review Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): JISRev: Journal of Islamic Studies Review
Publisher : LaKaspia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69548/jisrev.2.1.77

Abstract

This study examines the epistemological foundations of ṭarīqa (Sufi orders) by reconstructing their role as systems of spiritual education within the broader framework of Islamic pedagogy. In modern academic discourse, tarekat are often reduced to mere ritual practices or socio-religious institutions. In contrast, this study argues that tarekat constitute a structured epistemological system that integrates revelation, spiritual experience, and authoritative guidance. Employing a qualitative approach based on library research, alongside conceptual and epistemological analysis, this study investigates both classical and contemporary sources to identify the key components of knowledge production, transmission, and validation within ṭarīqa. The findings reveal that the epistemology of tarekat consists of three interrelated elements: (1) sources of knowledge that are textual, experiential, and authoritative; (2) methods of knowledge acquisition grounded in practice and experiential engagement through ṭarīqa rituals; and (3) mechanisms of validation based on spiritual authority and the continuity of sanad. The learning process within ṭarīqa is inherently transformative, emphasizing the internalization of spiritual values through disciplined practices such as bay‘ah, dhikr, riyāḍah, mujāhadah, and sulūk under the guidance of a murshid. This process reflects a holistic educational model that integrates cognitive, affective, and spiritual dimensions in shaping individual consciousness and character. Accordingly, this study offers a new conceptual framework for understanding tarekat as a transformative system of Sufi education, with significant implications for the development of contemporary Islamic pedagogy.
Vernacular Cyber-Sufism: Digital Ritual, Mediated Authority, and the Naqshbandi Haqqani Order in Indonesia Wahyudi, M. Agus; Srimulyani, Eka; Shadiqin, Sehat Ihsan; Gumilang, Randi Muhammad
Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/teosofi.2025.15.2.406-428

Abstract

The article analyzes the incorporation of digital media within the Naqshbandi Haqqani Order in Indonesia and argues that it represents a significant transformation in contemporary Sufi practice. Based on qualitative interviews with members of local zāwiyahs, the study shows that digital platforms facilitate core tariqa practices, including online bay’a, virtual dhikr, and digital s}ah}ba. These practices demonstrate that digital space functions not merely as a medium of communication but as a legitimate site of ritual performance and spiritual experience. The findings challenge the conventional distinction between “religion online” and “online religion” by illustrating how barakah and spiritual authorization are reconfigured through technological mediation. The article contributes theoretically by introducing the concept of vernacular cyber-Sufism, in which local zāwiyahs act as espitemic intermediaries translating transnational Sufi authority into locally meaningful forms. This process reflects a pattern of negotiated authority shaped by the interaction of global charisma, local mediation, and platform visibility. At the same time, digital expansion produces ambivalent effects, simultaneously widening access to Sufi learning while raising concerns about authenticity and the commodification of knowledge.
Co-Authors Adriansyah NZ Ady Muh. Zainul Mustofa Akhmad Rizqon Khamami Alfiatunnur Alfiatunnur Alfina Hidayah Alfiyanto, Afif Amir Gufron Amir Gufron Astuti, Purnama Azhar Azhar Da'watul Anis Ma'rufah Daliman Eka Srimulyani Eka Srimulyani Eka Srimulyani Eny Purwandari Fahrul Radhi Failasuf Muhammad Azka Fuadi Mardatillah Galih Fajar Fadillah Hamdan Maghribi Hidayati, Tuti Jamil, Shabrun Jarir Idris Kumalasari, Reni M. Ikhwan M. Ikhwan Maftukhin Mahdi Mahdi, Mahdi Mengki, Jias Muhaimin Abdillah Muhammad Muhammad Muhtadin, M. Al Nur Sidik NZ, Adriansyah Permadi, Danur Putut Randi Muhammad Gumilang Rawanita, Mesi Ronald Hutapea Salami Salmi Sehat Ihsan Shadiqin Sehat Ihsan Shadiqin Sidiq Rahmadi Sidiq Rahmadi Silahuddin Silahuddin Siti Aminah Siti Nurlaili Muhadiyatiningsih Sumardi Efendi Syamsul Bakri Syamsul Bakri Syamsul Rijal Syatria Adymas Pranajaya Tabrani ZA Tuti Hidayati Warul Walidin Ak Yundari, Yundari Yunita Rahmawati Zaenal Muttaqin Zaenal Muttaqin Zaenal Muttaqin