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Implementasi tojok ergonomis bagi pekerja pada perkebunan kelapa sawit Ladeppung, Muara Badak Pawitra, Theresia Amelia; Sitania, Farida Djumiati; Sukmono, Yudi; Widada, Dharma; Wijaya, Muhammad Farhanuddin
KACANEGARA Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat Vol 8, No 4 (2025): November
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/kacanegara.v8i4.2855

Abstract

Pada proses pemanenan buah kelapa sawit, pekerja menggunakan tojok konvensional yang dinilai kurang ergonomis, terutama pada bentuk dan ukuran pegangannya. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk merancang tojok ergonomis dengan tujuan meningkatkan kenyamanan pekerja saat menaikkan buah sawit ke truk. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan analisis data kuantitatif. Hasil perancangan menghasilkan tojok berbahan stainless steel dengan panjang 120 cm, berat 0,9 kg, lebar pegangan 16 cm, diameter pegangan 2,7 cm, dan panjang mata tojok 21 cm. Pegangan berbentuk T diubah menjadi lebih ergonomis. Evaluasi penggunaan tojok ergonomis dilihat dari perbandingan nilai keluhan Gotrak dan Ergonomics Risk Assesment (ERF) menunjukkan penurunan risiko ergonomis, seperti berkurangnya segmen tubuh berisiko tinggi dari 4 menjadi 1 dan peningkatan segmen tubuh berisiko rendah dari 7 menjadi 8. Skor ERF turun dari 9 menjadi 8, dan potensi bahaya pada leher, bahu, tubuh, dan pergelangan kaki berkurang signifikan, sehingga meningkatkan kenyamanan pekerja.
Waste Analysis Using Lean Service Approach In PackageDelivery Activities From The Warehouse To The Main Branch (Case Study: PT XYZ Station Center) Widiastuti, Nova; Gunawan, Suwardi; Pawitra, Theresia Amelia
Jurnal Teknik Industri (JATRI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Teknik Industri (JATRI)
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/tkrybq73

Abstract

The delivery of goods from warehouses to branch offices plays a crucial role in ensuring operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. However, inefficiencies in the delivery process often result in waste, such as excessive waiting times, unnecessary movements, and high operational costs. This study aims to analyze waste in the goods delivery process using the Lean Service approach and provide recommendations for improvement. Data collection methods include direct observation, interviews with logistics personnel, and process mapping to identify non-value-added activities. The results indicate that applying Lean Service principles, such as streamlining workflows, reducing unnecessary handling, and optimizing resource utilization, can significantly enhance delivery efficiency. Implementing these strategies helps minimize delays, reduce costs, and improve service quality. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more efficient supply chain management strategies and serve as a reference for companies looking to optimize their logistics operations.  
Analisis Tingkat Kualitas Pelayanan dengan Pendekatan Servqual dan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) (Studi Kasus: PDAM Tirta Manggar Balikpapan) Alfarisi, Naufal; pawitra, theresia; Theresia Amelia Pawitra; Dharma Widada
Jurnal Teknik Industri (JATRI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Teknik Industri (JATRI)
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/c4m5c380

Abstract

PDAM Tirta Manggar Balikpapan sebagai penyedia jasa air bersih memiliki peran penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, namun masih menghadapi keluhan terkait kualitas pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas pelayanan dengan pendekatan metode SERVQUAL dan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Metode SERVQUAL digunakan untuk mengukur kesenjangan antara harapan dan persepsi pelanggan terhadap lima dimensi layanan, sedangkan IPA digunakan untuk menentukan prioritas perbaikan berdasarkan tingkat persepsi dan kepentingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh dimensi SERVQUAL memiliki nilai gap negatif dengan rata-rata sebesar (-0,35), yang termasuk dalam kategori "Buruk". Dimensi reliability memiliki gap terbesar (-0,49), diikuti oleh responsiveness (-0,44), tangible (-0,30), assurance (-0,26), dan empathy (-0,24). Sementara itu, hasil analisis tingkat kesesuaian (Tki) menunjukkan seluruh atribut berada di bawah 100%, dengan nilai terendah pada atribut pelayanan tepat waktu sebesar (76,94%), yang mengindikasikan bahwa pelayanan belum sesuai harapan pelanggan. Analisis IPA menetapkan tiga atribut sebagai prioritas utama perbaikan, yaitu pelayanan sesuai janji (REL4), penanganan keluhan sesuai prosedur (REL1), dan kecepatan respons terhadap keluhan pelanggan (RES4). Rekomendasi yang diajukan mencakup penyusunan standar waktu pelayanan, pembaruan SOP penanganan keluhan, serta penyediaan layanan pengaduan 24 jam dan tim respons cepat. Penerapan rekomendasi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepuasan dan kepercayaan pelanggan terhadap PDAM Tirta Manggar Balikpapan
Ergonomic Risk Assessment on Palm-Oil Harvesting Workers in East Kalimantan Pawitra, Theresia Amelia; Fathimahhayati, Lina Dianati; Sitania, Farida Djumiati
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v20i4.31236

Abstract

Along with the growth of the palm-oil industry in Indonesia, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) experienced by palm-oil harvesting workers also increased. This paper aims to evaluate ergonomic risk factors among harvesting palm workers in East Kalimantan and to propose suggestions to mitigate the risks. A total sample of 70 workers from 3 plantations in Muara Wahau, Babulu, and Muara Badak was observed in 2023. Gotrak survey and ergonomic risk factor (ERF) questionnaire of SNI 9011:2021 were utilized for determining the WMSD and identifying the ergonomics risk, respectively. The result showed that 91% of workers experienced pain after work, and 72% frequently experienced physical fatigue. The Gotrak survey on cutting and carrying bunches activity revealed high exposure risk for the neck (97%), followed by the shoulder (77%) and knee (55%). Meanwhile, during the activity of loading bunches onto the truck, high exposure risk occurs in the shoulders (73%), elbows (53%), and knees (53%). The result of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test indicates that there is a difference in Gotrak levels among the three locations. The Gotrak level in Muara Wahau is the highest, followed by Babulu and Muara Badak. The results of the ERF questionnaire showed that loading to truck, followed by carrying FFB to the fruit collection point, were the two activities with high ERF scores, i.e., 39 and 34, respectively. Finally, improvements such as stretching exercises before and during work, as well as redesigning ergonomic T-hook and egrek, will mitigate the risk.
Analisis Risiko Text Next Syndrome Pada Pemain Game Smartphone (Studi Kasus : Mahasiswa Teknik Industri Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mulawarman) Ikhwanudin, Aditiya; Pawitra, Theresia Amelia
Jurnal Industri Samudra Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Industri Samudra
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik. Universitas Samudra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55377/jis.v6i2.13194

Abstract

The use of smartphones for gaming among university students is increasing and often carried out for long durations with poor ergonomic posture. This condition has the potential to cause musculoskeletal disorders, one of which is Text Neck Syndrome (TNS), characterized by neck pain and disability due to excessive forward head flexion. This study aimed to analyze the risk of TNS among Industrial Engineering students at Mulawarman University who play smartphone games and to identify the relationship between screen time and playing posture with the level of neck disability. This research employed a quantitative design with a descriptive analytic approach. The study population consisted of 265 active students from the 2020–2024 cohorts. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, and 50 respondents who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Data were collected using the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Data analysis was performed descriptively and with the Spearman Rank test to examine the relationship between screen time, playing posture, and NDI scores. The results showed that most respondents experienced mild disability (34%), followed by moderate disability (26%), no disability (18%), severe disability (12%), and very severe disability (10%). Respondents with >5 hours of screen time per day had a higher proportion of moderate to severe disability. Moreover, students who played in a cross-legged sitting posture were more likely to experience moderate to very severe disability (63%) compared to those who played while sitting on a chair (44%). In conclusion, university students who play smartphone games are at risk of developing TNS with varying levels of disability, particularly those with longer screen time and cross-legged posture.
Service Quality Analysis with Pivotal-Core-Peripheral (PCP) Model (Case Study: Restu Ibu Hospital Balikpapan) Cahya, Hadifah Mutiara; Pawitra, Theresia Amelia; Widada, Dharma
IJIEM - Indonesian Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Vol 6, No 2: June 2025
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Magister Teknik Industri Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijiem.v6i2.30449

Abstract

Restu Ibu Hospital in Balikpapan is a private healthcare provider offering various clinics, including a neurology clinic. This study aims to measure the quality of service at Restu Ibu Hospital from the perspective of BPJS patients at the neurology clinic using the Pivotal Core Peripheral (PCP) model. Additionally, the study provides suggestions for improving service quality where it falls short of patient expectations. The PCP model assesses service quality through three main attributes: Pivotal, Core, and Peripheral. The research findings indicate that the Pivotal attribute has the lowest score of 0.103, meaning that the service meets patient expectations. The Core attribute has a score of 0.349, also indicating that the service meets patient expectations. Meanwhile, the Peripheral attribute has the highest score of 0.503, suggesting that this aspect of service exceeds patient expectations. Overall, the average score for PCP attributes is 0.318, indicating that all attributes are within the range of patient expectations. Patient satisfaction scores for the neurology clinic and the hospital overall are 3.61 and 3.52, respectively, reflecting a general satisfaction with the services at Restu Ibu Hospital. However, there are still two areas under the Pivotal attribute that fall below patient expectations: waiting time at the pharmacy, with a score of -0.68, and waiting time at registration, with a score of -0.59. Suggested improvements include enhancing the queue management system by providing information on the remaining queue, educating patients on using the application for easier registration, increasing human resources, and improving facilities for patient comfort.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Jasa Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Menggunakan Metode Logistic Service Quality (Studi Kasus: CV. Kurir Kuriran Samarinda) Husain, Muhammad Ali; Widada, Dharma; Pawitra, Theresia Amelia
JTI: Jurnal Teknik Industri Vol 9, No 2 (2023): DESEMBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/jti.v9i2.22171

Abstract

Kurir Kuriran Samarinda adalah perusahaan layanan jasa yang bergerak dibidang logistik yang berlokasi di Kalimantan Timur. Demi mencapai kelancaran dalam proses pengantaran barang, maka perlu adanya sistem yang dikelola dengan baik sehingga pelayanan yang dirasakan oleh pelanggan menjadi maksimal, oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai kualitas layanan yang ada di Kurir Kuriran Samarinda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pelanggan yang ada di Kurir Kuriran Samarinda, dan pengaruh dari kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan secara parsial dan simultan.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Logistic Service Quality yaitu metode pengukuran kualitas layanan yang berfokus pada usaha logistik, dimensi tersebut terdiri dari Personal Contact Quality, Timeliness, Order Condition, Order Discrepancy Handling, dan Operational Information Sharing (Uvet, 2020). Uvet menyatakan bahwa kualitas layanan dari sebuah perusahaan logistik yang mengacu pada dimensi LSQ sangat mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan. Oleh karenanya metode LSQ (Logistic Service Quality) dipilih untuk digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian diketahui bahwa ada pengaruh antara variabel Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan Kurir Kuriran Samarinda dibuktikan dari hasil uji korelasi Spearman yang menunjukan bahwa keseluruhan dimensi kualitas layanan memiliki hubungan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan hasil uji regresi linier berganda yang menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara simultan dari dimensi Kualitas Layanan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan dan terdapat hubungan secara parsial dari dimensi TL terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan. Kata Kunci: Kualitas Layanan, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Kurir Kuriran Samarinda, LSQ.
The Ergonomic Risk Evaluation of Work Posture for Oil Palm Harvest Workers in Large Plantations in East Kalimantan using SNI 9011:2021 Pawitra, Theresia Amelia; Khairi, Rivki Al; Widada, Dharma
Journal of Integrated System Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Integrated System Vol. 7 No. 2 (December 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Maranatha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28932/jis.v7i2.10152

Abstract

Indonesia, as the world's largest palm oil producer, relies on contributions from smallholder farms, state plantations, and private estates. Despite its scale, much of the harvesting process remains manual, posing risks of musculoskeletal disorders due to non-ergonomic work postures. This study evaluated work postures in two plantations: PT DSN (private) and PTP XIII (state-owned) in East Kalimantan, involving 96 workers: 47 harvesters, 12 transporters, and 37 loose fruit collectors. The findings revealed that 83% of harvesters experienced neck pain, 75% of transporters of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) reported knee pain, and 95% of loose fruit collectors faced neck pain. Ergonomic Risk Factor analysis showed FFB transportation as the most hazardous activity (score 74), followed by harvesting (62) and loose fruit collection (55). The key contributors to these risks included body posture and manual material handling, with body posture contributing 58% to scores in loose fruit collection and FFB unloading. Proposed ergonomic improvements include holistic safe care for harvesters, tractor scissor lifts for FFB transport, and modified nut pickers for loose fruit collection. While these interventions promise to increase efficiency, productivity, and safety, success hinges on addressing challenges such as initial costs, worker training, and equipment adaptation to field conditions.
Optimalisasi Waktu Istirahat Berdasarkan Tingkat Beban Kerja Fisiologis (Studi Kasus: CV Eja Nursery, Kutai Kartanegara) Fathimahhayati, Lina Dianati; Pawitra, Theresia Amelia; Purnomo, Tri Budi
Jurnal Media Teknik dan Sistem Industri Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Suryakancana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35194/jmtsi.v7i2.3245

Abstract

Work in rubber plantations is considered a physically demanding type of work. Several negative impacts can occur when the physical workload exceeds the physiological capacity of the workers. Chronically, this condition can lead to excessive fatigue. One approach to addressing this issue is through ergonomic evaluation. Ergonomic evaluation is conducted to ensure that the workload does not exceed the capabilities of the workers. Based on this background, it is necessary to conduct research on determining the workload of rubber farmers based on physiological criteria in order to determine the optimal rest time for workers. This is aimed at reducing work fatigue, which not only has a detrimental effect on the workers' health but also on work quality and performance. The method used in this research is by measuring the heart rate before, after, and during work every hour. From this heart rate data, calculations will be made for energy expenditure, oxygen consumption, and %CVL (cardiovascular load). The workload categories will be determined based on the calculations. Subsequently, the calculation for determining the optimal rest time for workers will be based on the workload level. The research shows that the workload experienced by rubber farmers in CV. Eja Nursery, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, can be classified as light to moderate. Before starting work, the average heart rate of the farmers is 75 bpm, while during work, it increases to an average of 101 bpm. After completing work, the average heart rate decreases to 97 bpm due to reduced work activity. The average oxygen consumption of rubber farmers is 0.9 liters per minute, which falls into the category of light workload. The energy expenditure ranges from low to moderate, with an average of 3.4 kcal/minute during work. Energy consumption is 1.7 kcal/minute. The average cardiovascular load experienced by the farmers is 25.6%, which falls into the category of light workload, indicating no significant burden. Based on the calculations of physiological workload, it can be concluded that the energy requirements of each rubber farmer are below the standard limit, indicating no physiological fatigue. The recommended rest time according to the ILO allowance standard is 25% of the work time.Pekerjaan di perkebunan karet termasuk jenis pekerjaan yang banyak membutuhkan tenaga fisik. Sejumlah dampak buruk dapat terjadi saat beban fisik suatu pekerjaan telah melampaui kapasitas fisiologis yang dimiliki pekerja. Keadaan seperti ini secara kronik dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya kelelahan berlebihan. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hal ini adalah dengan evaluasi ergonomi. Evaluasi ergonomi dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa beban kerja tidak melebihi batas kemampuan yang dimiliki seorang pekerja. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai penentuan tingkat beban kerja petani karet berdasarkan kriteria fisiologis sehingga nantinya dapat ditentukan waktu istirahat yang optimal untuk pekerja. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kelelahan kerja yang tidak hanya berdampak buruk pada kesehatan pekerja tapi juga pada kualitas dan performansi kerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui pengukuran denyut jantung pada saat sebelum, sesudah, dan saat melakukan pekerjaan setiap 1 jam sekali. Kemudian dari data denyut jantung ini akan dilakukan perhitungan konsumsi energi, konsumsi oksigen dan %CVL (cardiovascular load). Setelah itu, ditentukan tingkat kategori beban kerja berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan. Selanjutnya ditentukan perhitungan penentuan waktu istirahat pekerja yang optimal berdasarkan tingkat beban kerja tersebut. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat beban kerja yang dialami oleh petani karet di CV. Eja Nursery Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara dapat dikategorikan sebagai ringan hingga sedang. Sebelum memulai pekerjaan, rata-rata denyut jantung petani adalah 75 bpm, sedangkan saat mereka sedang bekerja, rata-rata denyut jantungnya naik menjadi 101 bpm. Setelah selesai bekerja, rata-rata denyut jantung turun menjadi 97 bpm karena aktivitas kerja menurun. Konsumsi oksigen rata-rata oleh petani karet adalah 0,9 liter per menit, yang termasuk dalam kategori beban kerja ringan. Rata-rata pengeluaran energi berkisar antara rendah hingga sedang, dengan rata-rata 3,4 kkal/menit saat bekerja. Konsumsi energi adalah sebesar 1,7 kkal/menit. Rata-rata beban kardiovaskular yang dialami oleh petani adalah 25,6%, yang termasuk dalam kategori beban kerja ringan, yang berarti tidak ada pembebanan yang signifikan. Dari perhitungan beban fisiologis tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebutuhan energi setiap petani karet masih berada di bawah batas standar, sehingga tidak ada kelelahan fisiologis yang terjadi. Waktu istirahat yang disarankan sesuai standar kelonggaran ILO adalah 25% dari waktu kerja.
Designing a Marketing Strategy for Bawis Habati Fish Chips Using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) Method Ridwan, Mochamad; Tosungku, La Ode Ahmad Safar; Pawitra, Theresia Amelia
IJIEM - Indonesian Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Vol 5, No 1: February 2024
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Magister Teknik Industri Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijiem.v5i1.22038

Abstract

Habati fish chips is one of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in the food industry in the city of Bontang. Habati MSME still applies simple promotion methods and does not target the teenage market to compete. This research aims to design a marketing strategy for Habati fish chips in Bontang city, targeting a new market segment, which is teenagers. The marketing strategy analysis is conducted in three stages: input stage, matching stage, and decision stage. In the input stage, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix is used with a score of 2.338, External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix with a score of 2.764, and Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) to determine the position of Habati MSME compared to Pak Ucil and Abadi Rasa based on the perspective of potential consumers. The matching stage is then used to formulate marketing strategies using the Internal-External (IE) matrix and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) matrix. Based on the overall methods used, the final stage is the decision stage. The decision stage utilizes the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) to select prioritized alternative strategies that can be implemented by Habati MSME. The research results provide seven alternative strategies with one prioritized strategy having the highest Total Attractive Score (TAS), which is to increase product sales through online marketing, utilizing marketplaces, and promoting product advantages, with a TAS of 7.074.