Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2020 - 2025
11.112
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Al Fikra : Jurnal Ilmiah Keislaman JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH MUHARRIK: JURNAL DAKWAH DAN SOSIAL SANGKEP: Jurnal Kajian Sosial Keagamaan Journal of Humanities and Social Studies Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Ulumuddin : Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman JURNAL LENSA MUTIARA KOMUNIKASI Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Budaya Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan JURNAL EDUKASI NONFORMAL Jurnal khabar: Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam Medium : Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi Al-Hikmah Media Dakwah, Komunikasi, Sosial dan Kebudayaan Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE eScience Humanity Journal QULUBANA: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah Al-MIKRAJ: Jurnal studi Islam dan Humaniora JASNA : Journal For Aswaja Studies Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Media ANWARUL: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Dakwah Tabsyir: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Sosial Humaniora RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting EduInovasi: Journal of Basic Educational Studies Algebra Jurnal Indonesia : Manajemen Informatika dan Komunikasi Jurnal Pendidikan Maddah: Journal of Advanced Dawah Management Research Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan
Erwan Efendi
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Social Sciences Other

Published : 92 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 92 Documents
Search

 3   4   5   6   7 
Alternatif Media Dakwah di Era Digital Erwan Efendi; Nurhalisah Nasution; Azza Mifta Rao
Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting (In Press)
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/dawatuna.v4i3.734

Abstract

Technological developments in the digital era have influenced the da'wah model to develop increasingly rapidly. One of the technological trends in this millennial era is digital media because it is faster and easier to access information. Da'wah is calling, summoning, inviting and encouraging someone to do good things. Da'wah must be able to use it well and to the maximum extent possible. If not, preaching will be left behind and slow down, which will affect the morals and morals of the millennial generation. This article discusses whether alternative media for preaching in the digital era can attract the millennial generation in preaching. Podcasts are one of the media of choice for preaching in this modern era which is full of technological sophistication. This article aims to see that podcast media has become an option for conveying da'wah material in increasingly modern times. Podcasts were chosen because of their practical form, they can be listened to at any time and can even be collaborated with various other platforms in online media. Podcasts are an advanced means of preaching apart from conventional preaching activities.
Analisis Metode Dakwah Husain Basyaiban di Media Sosial Erwan Efendi; Ravika Putri Irawan; Nurhasanah Pasaribu; Syafruddin Al Hafiz
Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting (In Press)
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/dawatuna.v4i3.735

Abstract

Da'wah is an activity of inviting and influencing people towards the straight path wisely in accordance with God's commands. This is done for every individual and community to want to improve themselves by doing good deeds and deepening the teachings of the Islamic religion. Da'wah must be carried out by people who are intelligent, civilized and have noble character. Da'wah media continues to evolve by following technology which is becoming more advanced day by day, one of the media used for preaching is social media. You Tube, Instagram, and Tik Tok are examples of social media that are currently widely used by preachers to preach. Husain Basyaiban is one of the young preachers who uses social media as a medium for his preaching. The preaching delivered by Husain had an influence on readers and viewers, because it was packaged well using simple language and strong arguments so that it was easy for his followers to understand. Therefore, researchers are interested in analyzing the preaching methods used by Husain. This research focuses on the da'wah methods and social media used by Husain Basyaiban. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach using the netnographic method where primary sources were obtained from posts and videos uploaded by Husain Basyaiban and secondary data sources were obtained from previous journals and articles. With data collection techniques by means of online documentation and observation. From the results of this research, it was found that Husain used da'wah methods which were categorized into three methods, namely the Al-Hikmah, Mauidzotul Hasanah, and Mujjadi methods. Then there is the development of Husain's social media at this time, with the username kadamsidik for 168 thousand subscribers on You Tube, the username basyasman for 1.9 million followers on Instagram, as well as the username @kadamsidik00 for 6 million followers and also 327.1 million likes on all videos which was uploaded from the beginning of 2020 until now on September 24 2023 on Tik Tok. Researchers hope that this research can be studied and researched more deeply by other researchers, both with other methods and objects.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Tiktok sebagai Media Dakwah Oleh Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi Erwan Efendi; Nabila Putri Amanda; Siti Maimunah
Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting (In Press)
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/dawatuna.v4i3.736

Abstract

With current developments, everyone can access information via the internet. One of them is by using social media in everyday life, namely the TikTok application. Ustadzah Oki SetianaDewi uses TikTok to preach by producing content that follows current viral trends. His preaching style is characterized by his soft speech, simple but easy to understand and understand, and interesting. The video content presented by Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi can attract the attention of the public, especially youth so that it can improve moral quality in accordance with Islamic teachings. This research aims to find out Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi in using the TikTok application as a medium for preaching to encourage people to do good things in accordance with the commands of Allah SWT. As a result of this research, researchers used descriptive analysis, and the results of this research also used regression test variables, coefficient tests, multiple linear, correlation and determination. Because the results of this research show a high level on Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi's TikTok account, which currently has 1.9 million followers, 28.2 million likes and 1403 videos. Therefore, Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi's TikTok account provides many benefits and good examples for her followers. In this way, many people apply the good things conveyed by Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi.
Analisis Unsur-unsur Komunikasi, Media Komunikai, Metode Komunikasi, Efek Komunikasi Erwan Efendi; Andy Akbar; Arizah Laila Madani; Luthfyah Az Zahra; Mhd. Sabili Al Ghozi Nst; Utsman Fajri Ramadhan.
Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Da'watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting (In Press)
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/dawatuna.v4i3.1021

Abstract

Analysis of Communication Elements, Communication Media, Communication Methods, Communication Effects Communication methods are the concrete way messages are conveyed, such as direct speaking, letters, telephone, email, or presentations. The seven elements of communication play a very important role in building a successful and good communication process. Communication media includes all types of content used in the communication process, including text. Communication methods include the techniques and methods used to send messages from the sender to the recipient. This includes oral communication, tert. Communication effects refer to the impact of messages conveyed through certain media or communication methods. Analysis of communication elements, media selection, use of appropriate methods and strategies, and understanding the effects of communication are very important in ensuring that messages are conveyed effectively and achieve the desired goals in various contexts, both in personal communication and public communication.
Analisis Peran Kampanye Di Media Sosial Dalam Membentuk Persepsi Publik Tentang Pemilu Presiden 2024 Nur Maria Lubis; Efendi, Erwan
eScience Humanity Journal Vol 4 No 2 (2024): eScience Humanity Journal Volume 4 Number 2 May 2024
Publisher : Asosiasi Ide Bahasa Kepri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37296/esci.v4i2.86

Abstract

Social media is a powerful platform for accessing information, sharing information, and influencing public opinion. Therefore, it is very important to understand how social media is used in political campaigns to influence public perception. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of social media on public perception, with a focus on the use of social media in political campaigns. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze several political campaigns in which social media is the main communication tool. Data is collected through observation, interviews and decision studies. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the use of social media in political campaigns has a significant impact on political behavior and public awareness. Social media provides people with the opportunity to exchange opinions through discussions, comments and various campaign-related content that influence public opinion.
Peran Komunikasi Media Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Kesehatan Mental Efendi, Erwan; Salam, Muhammad Abrar Haq; Daffa, Muhammad; Sanjaya, Shendy; Azmi, Rifka Nur
Al-Hikmah Media Dakwah, Komunikasi, Sosial dan Kebudayaan Vol 14 No 2 (2023): Al-Hikmah Media Dakwah, Komunikasi, Sosial dan Kebudayaan
Publisher : DEPARTEMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND ISLAMIC BROADCASTING STUDIES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/hikmah.v14i2.7639

Abstract

Mental health is a person's state of life, namely a state of self-evaluation of one's feelings, including aspects such as self-esteem, physical strength, self-control ability, etc. Mental health is a person's ability to deal with stress or depression. On this occasion, according to mental health, it is an optimal combination or harmony between various mental activities and the ability to deal with simple mental problems that a person faces, as well as the ability to feel feelings of happiness and good strength. But many people are now unable to maintain mental health due to increasing depression. The researcher's research method uses a qualitative approach. This qualitative approach was taken to obtain more accurate and meaningful data. Research using a qualitative approach method used by researchers is library research, namely a series of activities relating to library data collection methods starting from books, scientific works, and national journals. The conclusion from this research is that social media is very important in the spread of mental health. It can be seen from the data above that almost all people in the modern era now use social media, from children and teenagers to the elderly. Various social media content that talks about mental health can get a lot of followers and can help them recover from the depression they are experiencing.
Pentingnya Tabayyun dan Manajemen Media Dakwah Erwan Efendi; Zahrani Fadila; Saniah Salsabila; Azhari; Veni Aqilla Rizki
QULUBANA: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Qulubana: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah
Publisher : STAI Terpadu Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54396/qlb.v4i1.982

Abstract

This journal focuses on the tabayyun attitude which is still relevant as a solution to the problems of da'wah in the era of digitalization.  The phenomenon that occurred was found to be due to the dullness of critical understanding in the millennial generation.  This is due to exposure to negative issues or ineffectiveness of the implementation of da'wah bi al-Tadwin in the era of digitalization, namely related to digital da'wah videos on social media applications with a short duration of time and without clear sources of information.  Thus, the actualization of tabayyun is a wise solution for digital da'wah scholarship through understanding the contextualization of hadith.  This hadith narrated by Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal is one of the hadiths that discusses tabayyun.  The hadith analyzes data problems and uses ma'anil hadith studies.  The research object of the tabayyun hadith, describes three problem formulations, namely first, what is the quality and status of the authenticity of the tabayyun hadith in the history of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal.  Second, what is the meaning of the hadith narrated by Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal number for implementing short duration da'wah in the era of digitalization.  Third, how to contextualize the tabayyun hadith as a wise attitude or Ahsan al-'Amal in overcoming the da'wah phenomenon in the era of digitalization.  This conclusion includes the status of the hadith studied as having Sahih lizatihi quality so that it can be used as evidence.  The actualization of tabayyun is a warning and demand for Muslims, because the values contained in this attitude are an example of Akhalq al-Karimah. Rasulullah SAW or Ahsan al-'Amal in receiving and conveying information.  The contextualization of tabayyun in the era of digitalization adheres to two principles, namely the principle of selectivity or validity and the principle of Qaulan Sadida as confirmed by the verses of the Koran and the hadith of the Prophet. Qualitative methods, collect descriptive data to gain an indepth understanding of a phenomenon, often through interviews, observations, or text analysis.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Digital oleh Majlis Ta’lim Darrussofa Medan dalam Melaksanakan Dakwah di Media Sosial: Use of Digital Technology by Majlis Ta'lim Darrussofa Medan in Carrying Out Da'wah on Social Media Purnomo, Dwi Endar; Efendi, Erwan
QULUBANA: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Qulubana: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah
Publisher : STAI Terpadu Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54396/qlb.v5i1.1266

Abstract

The use of digital social media technology in da'wah has an important role and great potential. Through social media, da'wah messages can be spread quickly and effectively, reaching a wider audience. The aim of Majlis Ta'lim Darrushofa Medan is to utilize digital technology in carrying out da'wah on social media to provide knowledge, appreciation and behavioral guidance to the Muslim community in accordance with Islamic teachings. Through social media used by Majlis Ta'lim Darrushofa Medan with studies -studies that utilize social media to convey their preaching messages through social media by means of live streaming studies and also spreading their preaching content on several Majlis Ta'lim Darrushofa Medan media accounts such as the social media accounts TikTok, Instagram, YouTube, Facebook, and is also active in social activities, such as holding regular weekly studies at Medan city mosques. This research, which was conducted at Majlis Ta'lim Darrushofa Medan, used a qualitative approach. The use of social media in da'wah activities carried out by Majlis Ta'limDarrushofa Medan on social media has a very positive impact on social media users, where technology is developing so rapidly nowadays and Majlis Ta'lim Darrushofa Medan plays a significant role and has great potential.
Filter Bubble Trap: The Effect of TikTok Media on Language Use and Interaction Among Communication Science Students at UINSU Pradana, Farhan; Efendi, Erwan
Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Media Sosial (JKOMDIS) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47233/jkomdis.v4i2.1771

Abstract

This article aims to explore the impact of the filter bubble created by the social media algorithm of TikTok on the language use and social interactions of Communication Studies students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UINSU). The urgency of this research lies in the increasing dominance of TikTok in students' daily lives and how this platform shapes their behavioral and communication patterns. This study employs a qualitative method with a field research approach. The primary data sources are 10 key informants selected through purposive sampling, while secondary data are derived from books, scholarly articles, and reports. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, documentation, and literature study. Data analysis is carried out through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with the validity of the data tested using triangulation techniques. The findings indicate that the filter bubble phenomenon has varied effects on students. On one hand, some students feel that the filter bubble limits their views on social and cultural issues, while others find it helpful in obtaining relevant and beneficial information. Additionally, TikTok also influences the language usage of students, with some reporting an expansion in their vocabulary and an increase in creativity, although it also leads to the use of more colloquial and less formal language. The discussion highlights the importance of digital literacy and critical awareness in utilizing social media. These findings align with the filter bubble theory by Eli Pariser, which emphasizes the need for exposure to diverse views to avoid intellectual isolation. Overall, the research suggests that students should be trained to use social media wisely, enabling them to maximize its benefits without falling into the shackles of the filter bubble.
Pola Komunikasi Pengasuh dalam Menegakkan Kedisiplinan Santri Pondok Pesantren Modern Daar Al-Uluum Kisaran Nabhan, Alfitri Adeny; Zainun, Zainun; Efendi, Erwan
ANWARUL Vol 4 No 1 (2024): FEBRUARI
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/anwarul.v4i1.2241

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine the communication patterns of the mujahideen assembly in broadcasting Islamic law in the city of Medan and to determine the obstacles and supporting factors for the mujahideen assembly in broadcasting Islamic law in the city of Medan. The method in this research is to use a qualitative method where the researcher goes directly to the field and interviews the sources or informants of this research face to face. The results of this research are the communication patterns used by supervisors in enforcing student discipline at the Daar Al-Uluum Kisaran Modern Islamic Boarding School, Kisaran, Asahan Regency, namely Interpersonal Communication Patterns and Group Communication Patterns. The factor that is an obstacle to carrying out the dhuha prayer discipline is the lack of self-confidence of the students towards their caregivers at the Daar Al-Uluum Modern Islamic Boarding School which results in the caregivers/guides not knowing the problems experienced by the students. The closed nature of a santri makes it difficult for caregivers/coaches to know what problems the santri are experiencing. There is still a lack of creating a harmonious relationship between all elements of caregivers at the Daar Al-Modern Islamic Boarding School and the Santri. This less than harmonious relationship occurs because the students who have just entered still don't know the students and their caregivers/guides as a whole and there is still a sense of embarrassment (awkwardness) among the students, especially the students who have just entered, when dealing directly with the caregivers/guides at the Daar Al Modern Islamic Boarding School. -Uluum Kisaran, Asahan Regency.
Co-Authors Abdi Al Azra Adam Syarif Afriana Alawiah. AR Ahmad Fauzan Ahmad Tamrin Sikumbang Aisyah Syifa Aisyahri, Nirwana Ajulan Siregar Akbar, Rizky Akbar Al Farisi, M. Salman Al Syahdafi Al-Mujtahid, Nazil Mumtaz Alamsyah, Albihar Alanis Audia Alfaruqi, Muhammad Alif Alfridho, Mhd Adrian Alya Dwi Amar Fuad Marpaung Anang Anas Azhar Andini, Andini Andy Akbar Annisa Fatika Annisa Zehan Sinaga Anum, Putri Latifah Aprillian Valentiyo Aqila Zahra ARDIANSYAH ARDIANSYAH Arief Rahman Arif Sagala, Rodika Sima Arizah Laila Madani Aswani Nasution Attaya, Muhammad Fairuz Azhari Azizah Aini Azmi, Rifka Nur Azrin Eka Putra Azza Mifta Rao Badriah, Ainun Bagoes Eka Wicaksana Br Hutagaol, Sri Titin Artini Cahyo Septianto Caniago, Imam Khair Daffa, Muhammad Dafid Ferdiansyah Dailami Asmar Den Bagus Dila Fitria Dimas Setiawan Dina Novita Dodi Candra Dwi Endar Dwi Larasati, Dwi Elsa Adelia Elvi Syahrini Eni Dayati Fairuza, Khairun Naila Fakhrul Febrian Hasugian Fanny Julyanda Farah Fadila Farida Khairunnisa Fathan Mubina Fatwa Perdana Fauzan Azmi Fauzan Nst, M. Fatih Forsaktinahot Hasugian Ghazy M Syuza Gilang Maulana Gilang Ramadan Ginting, Nadia Shaliha br Gumala, Randy Gumala,  Randy Hadad Alwi Hafizda Ardianti Harahap, Nisa Hanum Harahap, Nisrina Adilah Harahap, Rifqi Ramadhan Harahap, Riskon Ali Guru Harahap, Rizky Padli Hasan Sazali Hasanah, Putri Hasibuan, M. Mufri Azwar Hasibuan, Sapriyani Hentina Putri Heri Suseno Hutagalung, Aprian Ilham Sani Imel Agustin Imron Rosadi Inda Yani Indrawansyah Indrawansyah Innayatillah Innayatillah, Innayatillah Irma Damayanti Iskandar Mubin Dongorang Jannatun Makwa Jihan Salshabila Juwita Yanti Kevin Erlangga Khairi Tariq Khairiah, Nona Lia Agustina Luthfizha Adfi Luthfyah Az Zahra M Yamin Mahatir Al-Baihaqi Marisa Marisa Marwansyah Matondang, Abdul Rahman Mauliya, Dina Mely Sahtriani Mhd Alpin Azhari Lubis Mhd. Sabili Al Ghozi Nst Miftahul Anwar Alamsyah Mubina, Fathan Muhammad Agung Muhammad Aqil Muhammad Farhan Muhammad Farhan Fathurrahman Muhammad Faruq Muhammad Fharisi Muhammad Fikri Muhammad Habibi Putra Pratama Muhammad Habibi Siregar, Muhammad Habibi Muhammad Husni Muhammad Ridha Muhammad Salim MUHAMMAD SURYA Muhammad Yasir Muzhaffar, Hanif Nabhan, Alfitri Adeny Nabila Putri Amanda Nasution, Miftahul Hasniyah Nayaka Syakira Nindi Widiowati Nisa Hanum Nugroho, Muhammad Dimas Nur Maria Lubis Nurbaiti Nurbaiti Nurhalisah Nasution Nurhasanah Pasaribu Panggabean, Armaini Parlin Saputra Permana, Rangga Pradana, Farhan Pratiwi, Rahma Dwi Pulungan, Nurul Husnaini Pulungan, Wahyuni Purba, Jaini Purnomo, Dwi Endar Putri Chairina Putri Nadia Putri Rahmadhani Zein Putri Setia Qari Ananda Azhari Hasibuan Raefaldhi, Muhammad Rafiatul Afidah Rafly Surya Dharma Rahma Dwi Rama Noprialdi Ramadhani, Gita Ravika Putri Irawan Reti Miranda Riadoh Riau Ardana Ridha Nadiyah Ridho Fauzan Rijal Nur Amali Risky Fahmi riswanto riswanto Ritonga, Normasari Ritonga, Putri Nadia Rizki Arsalan Rizky Aulia Roni Syahputra rubino, rubino Safiatuddinni, Safiatuddinni Safitri, Nur Sagala, Rony Pernando Sahdin Hasibuan Sahlaya, Muhammad Rishan Sajdatul Fuady Salam, Muhammad Abrar Haq Salman Salsabilla Amanda Samosir, Hasrat Efendi Sandrian, Tedy Saniah Salsabila Sanjaya, Shendy Siregar, Elsa Tabina Siregar, Irfan Maulana Siska Tirta Dina Siti Karmela Al Fatih Siti Maimunah Sohna Sagala Sopy Amelia Surya Surya Suryadi Suryadi Suseno, Heri Syafitri, Zalina Syafna Asari Syafruddin Al Hafiz Syahputra, Roni Syarbaini Syawaludin Nasution Sylvia Amalia Tadjuddin, Asri Tampubolon, Azzah Aqilah Tanjung, Sri Rezeki Tanti, Tria Taufiq Fazar Teguh Pratama Umaiyah, Umaiyah Utsman Fajri Ramadhan. Veni Aqilla Rizki Wahyu Candra Wahyudi Wahyudi Wahyuni Pulungan Walisyah, Tengku Wardatul Azmi Wildan Mustofa Wina Warohmah Winda Kustiawan Wulan Dari Yaqub Dalimunthe Yundari, Yundari Zahrani Fadila Zainun, Zainun Zakiah Mahrani Zihad, Aidil