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Kajian Potensi Kumbang Penyerbuk (Elaeidobius kamerunikus Faust) dan Thrips Bunga Hawaii (Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan) sebagai Agens Polinator pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Efendi, Siska
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.7742

Abstract

Pollinating beetle (Elaeidobius kamerunikus Faust) and thrips hawaiiensis (Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan) are the main pollinators of oil palm. Elaeidobius kamerunikus was introduced from Cameroon in 1982 while Thrips hawaiiensis is a native pollinator that already exists in the ecosystem of oil palm plantations in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to study the potential of Elaeidobius kamerunikus and Thrips hawaiiensis as pollinating agents in oil palm. This research was conducted in a plasma plantation belonging to the Agricultural Technology Assessment Agency (BPTP) in Nagari Gunung Medan, Sitiung District, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. The parameters used to measure the potential of insect pollinators are population abundance, frequency of visits, and fruit set and fruit grade values, as well as the yield of palm oil produced. Observation of abundance was carried out by directly observing the population of these insects on male flowers of oil palm that were in anthesis. The frequency of visits by Elaeidobius kamerunikus and Thrips hawaiiensis was carried out on receptive female oil palm flowers using the Fix Sample Method. Observations of the frequency of visits were carried out in the morning, afternoon and evening. Pollination effectiveness is done by looking at the value of fruit set and the grade of fruit produced. Based on the analysis of the observed data, it is known that the population abundance of Elaeidobius kamerunikus is higher than that of Thrips hawaiiensis. Likewise with the frequency of visits Elaeidobius kamerunikus visited the female oil palm flowers more often than Thrips hawaiiensis. Based on the time of observation, Elaeidobius kamerunikus visited more female oil palm flowers in the morning and afternoon, while in the afternoon the frequency of Thrips hawaiiensis visits was higher. The total fruit formed as a result of pollination of Thrips hawaiiensis was 793 consisting of 177 grade A, 145.5 grade B, and 472.50 grade C, while the fruit pollinated by Elaeidobius kamerunikus was less, namely 514.5 fruit consisting of 150 grade A, 125.5 grade B, and 239 grade C. The fruit set values produced by the two pollinator insects tested were low, namely 46.45% for Elaeidobius kamerunikus and 59.43 for Thrips hawaiiensis.
Keanekaragaman Coccinellidae Predator pada Ekosistem Pertanian Organik dan Anorganik di Provinsi Sumatera Barat Efendi, Siska
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.9072

Abstract

The main principle of pest control in organic farming is to reduce the use of synthetic chemicals, especially pesticides. On the other hand, pest control in agricultural systems prioritizes the conservation of natural enemies in these ecosystems. Coccinellidae predators are one of the potential natural enemies available in organic farming ecosystems. To optimize the potential of these natural enemies, it is necessary to study the diversity of these predators in organic farming. By knowing the species and abundance of Coccinellidae predators in organic farming ecosystems, a suitable conservation model can be designed for these natural enemies so that these predators can carry out their functions to control pests, especially aphids. This study aims to study the diversity of predatory Coccinellidae in organic and inorganic agriculture in West Sumatra Province. Coccinellidae predators are collected directly and use insect nets. The diversity of Coccinellidae predators was analyzed with the Shannon Winner and Simpson abundance indexes. Based on the exploration carried out on several organic farms in West Sumatra, 18 species of Coccinellidae Predators have been collected, and six species have not been identified. Next, it is proven that organic farming has a high diversity of 1.90 compared to inorganic farming, which is 1.65. The presence of predatory Coccinellidae in organic farming is more evenly distributed, namely 0.67. Menochilus sexmaculatus is one species that has the potential to be optimized as a biological control agent for aphids.
Inventarisasi Dan Peta Sebaran Hama Dan Penyakit Pada Empat Komoditi Unggulan Perkebunan Di Kabupaten Buton, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara luddin, Awa; Botek, Muhammad; Iswandi, Marsuki; Efendi, Siska
Jurnal Riset Perkebunan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP)
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrp.4.1.1-13.2023

Abstract

Information on the type of OPT that attacks plantation commodities in Buton Regency is incomplete, even though the data can be the basis for mitigating attacks and controls if the plants have been attacked. For this reason, research was conducted to identify the type and distribution of pests in plantation crops, especially in cocoa, cloves, cashew, pepper, and coconut commodities. They analyzed the damage caused by OPT in plantation crops, especially in cocoa, cloves, cashews, pepper, and coconut commodities, and determined alternative solutions for control and prevention. Observations were made in several villages in several sub-districts in Buton Regency. Direct observations were made on the specified land, and interviews with farmers and various related parties were conducted. To get OPT-type data and damage levels. OPT that attacks cashew consists of two types of pests and one disease. The level of damage OPT in the categorized category of guava plants. The level of damage to the pest on the categorized cashew was low. In coconut commodities, found OPT from three types of pest groups, namely Orycter Rhynocheros, Aspidiotus Destructors, and Pestalotia sp. The level of attack of the three pests was categorized as low. Cocoa was the commodity mainly attacked by OPT, consisting of 4 types of pests and four types of diseases. Fruit rot (Phytophthora palmivora) and stem cancer (Phytophthora palmivora) had a heavy attack rate in all cocoa-producing districts in Buton Regency.
KOMUNITAS SEMUT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) PADA BEBERAPA TIPE PERKEBUNAN Efendi, Siska; Roza, Silvia; Yaherwandi, Yaherwandi
Agrisaintifika: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Agrisaintifika
Publisher : Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32585/ags.v8i1.3721

Abstract

Keanekaragaman semut di beberapa ekosistem perkebunan di Dharmasraya telah dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2017. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman semut dan peran semut yang terdapat pada ekosistem perkebunan kelapa sawit, karet dan kakao di Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Lokasi penelitian yakni Kecamatan Pulau Punjung, Sitiung, dan Koto Besar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yakni Sistematis Random Sampling (Rancangan Acak Terpilih). Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode Qudran Protocol yaitu metode Soil And Leaf Litter Sieving, Pitfall trap, Bait Trap dan Hand Collecting. Identifikasi dilakukan pada Laboratorium Taksonomi Hewan, Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Andalas. Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan semut pada beberapa tipe perkebunan di Kabupaten Dharmasraya tergolong sedang yakni (H’<1), dan (E<0,63). Ditemukan sebanyak 16 spesies semut dan spesies yang paling melimpah adalah Aneplolephis graciliphes dan Odontoponera denticulata.
Semiokimia dan volatil lain pada Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) yang memangsa Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) pada tanaman cabai: Semiochemicals and other volatiles on Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) that prey on Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on chili plants Efendi, Siska; Dadang, Dadang; Winasa, I Wayan; Nurmansyah, Ali
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.21.2.140

Abstract

Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) is a potential natural enemy of aphids. Various aspects of the ecology and biology of this predator have been studied; however, there is still limited information on its physiology, particularly regarding pheromones and other semivolatiles. Naturally, intraspecific and interspecific interactions of C. sexmaculata involve a variety of semiochemicals. The information on the semiochemicals of C. sexmaculata, particularly its sex pheromones, footprints, defense mechanisms, aggregation, and other semivolatile characteristics, is still limited in Indonesia. This research was aimed to identify the semiochemical produced by the female of C. sexmaculata. The volatile compounds emitted by C. sexmaculata were captured using the headspace solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) method. The identification and quantification of each volatile compound were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 47 volatile compounds was identified among the semivolatiles. The identified volatiles comprise 47 compounds, mainly from the hydrocarbon compunds. Methyl isovalerate was the compound with the highest proportion, namely 31.43%. Several compounds identified were known to be components of the C. sexmaculata pheromone, namely methyl isovalerate, limonene, undecane, dodecane, and eicosane. These compounds were reported as components of sex pheromones, aggregation, and alarm. The limonene identified in this experiment was also previously reported in several Coccinelliade as a component of aggregation pheromone.
The Changes in Phosphorus Nutrient Levels and Growth of Mustard Greens (Brassica chinensis) in Sandy Soil Amended with Various Organic Materials Waode Siti Anima Hisein; Awaluddin Awaluddin; Arsy Aysyah Anas; Yusran Yusran; Fahria Nadiryati Sadimantara; Siska Efendi
JIA (Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis) : Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agribusiness, Halu Oleo University Jointly with Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (PERHEPI/ISAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37149/jia.v10i4.2304

Abstract

Mustard greens (Brassica chinensis) are a high-potential horticultural crop in Indonesia, supported by rapid growth, strong market demand, and significant contributions to food security. This study examined the impact of various organic amendments on phosphorus (P) availability and plant growth in sandy soil. The experiment employed a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three types of organic material: cattle manure (B1), goat manure (B2), and Gliricidia sepium green manure (B3), and three application rates: 0% (D1), 10% (500 g polybag-⁻ ¹; D2), and 20% (1000 g polybag-⁻ ¹; D3). Each treatment combination was replicated three times, yielding 27 experimental units. Measured variables included P nutrient concentration, plant height, and leaf number. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test to determine the most effective treatment for phosphorus nutrient levels and plant growth. The application of organic materials significantly increased P availability, with B3D3 yielding the highest concentration (21.03 ppm) and enhancing mustard green growth under sandy soil conditions.
Optimalisasi Arsitektur Tajuk dan Iklim Mikro melalui Transfer Teknologi Pemangkasan Kakao di Nagari Sitiung Siska Efendi; Adrinal Adrinal; Ade Noferta; Dewi Rezki; Yulistriani Yulistriani; Wulan Kumala Sari
Buletin Dharmas Andalas Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Buletin Dharmas Andalas
Publisher : Departemen Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bda.v3i1.61

Abstract

Low cocoa productivity in Dharmasraya Regency, reaching only 549.94 kg/ha , is closely related to limited farmer knowledge regarding standard canopy management. This community service activity aims to optimize canopy architecture and improve the garden's microclimate through pruning technology transfer for farmers in Nagari Sitiung. The activity was implemented using module-assisted counseling and field training by creating demonstration plots (demplot) for Immature Plants and Mature Plants. The results showed an increase in the technical understanding and skills of the partner farmer groups regarding four main types of pruning: shape, maintenance, production, and restoration pruning. Through proper canopy management, the Leaf Area Index (LAI) value can be optimized and garden humidity can be controlled to reduce the risk of pest and disease attacks. It can be concluded that this technology transfer has succeeded in improving farmers' competence in managing cocoa plant canopy architecture as an effort to increase productivity sustainably. As a follow-up, it is recommended to provide continuous assistance regarding side-grafting techniques to rehabilitate unproductive plants.
Dampak konsentrasi subletal dan frekuensi aplikasi insektisida fipronil terhadap dinamika populasi wereng batang cokelat (WBC) (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) pada padi varietas ir64 dan ciherang: The effect of sublethal concentrations and application frequency of fipronil insecticide on the population of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) on rice varieties IR64 and Ciherang Awaluddin; Waode Siti Anima Hisein; Nuriadi; Siska Efendi; Dadang; Ruly Anwar; Giyanto Giyanto
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 23 No 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.23.1.39

Abstract

Fipronil merupakan insektisida yang banyak digunakan dalam pengendalian hama wereng batang cokelat (WBC) (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) di Indonesia. Penggunaan fipronil di tingkat petani seringkali tidak sesuai anjuran sehingga menimbulkan kekhawatiran terjadinya resurjensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh konsentrasi subletal dan frekuensi aplikasi insektisida fipronil terhadap peningkatan populasi WBC pada dua varietas padi, yaitu IR64 dan Ciherang. Sampel WBC yang digunakan berasal dari Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian terdiri atas uji toksisitas untuk menentukan konsentrasi subletal fipronil, yaitu pada tingkat LC15, LC25, dan LC40, air sebagai kontrol. Masing-masing perlakuan diaplikasikan sebanyak 1, 2, dan 3 kali dengan selang waktu 5 hari antar aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paparan konsentrasi subletal (LC15, LC25, dan LC40) memicu fenomena hormoligosis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan signifikan pada persentase penetasan telur di semua tingkat konsentrasi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Persentase penetasan telur tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan LC15  dengan varietas Ciherang, yakni 82,55%. Meskipun peningkatan konsentrasi dan frekuensi aplikasi (1–3 kali) secara linear meningkatkan mortalitas nimfa hingga 94,44% pada perlakuan LC40, namun pada dosis rendah LC15, peningkatan frekuensi aplikasi justru menstimulasi lonjakan populasi nimfa F1. Populasi nimfa tertinggi terdapat pada varietas Ciherang dengan perlakuan LC15 dua kali aplikasi, yakni 1197,33 individu. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi bahwa aplikasi fipronil pada tingkat subletal, terutama pada varietas rentan, tidak hanya gagal mengendalikan WBC tetapi justru memicu resurjensi melalui peningkatan keberhasilan penetasan telur dan stimulasi reproduksi generasi berikutnya.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT NAGARI SILAGO KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA MELALUI TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT Zahlul Ikhsan; Yaherwandi Yaherwandi; Siska Efendi; Dewi Rezki; Irwin Mirza Umami; Dede Suhendra
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v3i1.316

Abstract

Oil palm plants are the belle of the community in the Dharmasraya Regency today. One of the causes of the low productivity of community plantations is caused by the production technology that is applied relatively simple, starting from seeding to harvesting. With the application of appropriate cultivation technology, it will be directed to increase palm oil production. The activity objectives are to 1) increase the understanding and knowledge of the Nagari Silago community about oil palm production technology, 2) improve the community's knowledge and skills in processing agricultural waste to be more useful 3) encourage the enthusiasm of farmers so that they can better utilize Nagari Silago's agricultural potential. This community service activity was carried out in Nagari Silago District IX Koto Dharmasraya Regency on 26-27 October 2019. This community service activity was carried out using the lecture, discussion method. The number of students involved numbered 150 people. Previously, the community service participants only followed the coconut cultivation technique, which was carried out by the farmers before, even though the cultivation technique was not correct. The Nagari Silago community is very enthusiastic about welcoming and discussing about the technology of oil palm cultivation. Many people ask questions, and good discussions are starting from the origin of seedlings and oil palm nursery techniques, land clearing, fertilizing, castration, pest control, and diseases of oil palm plants. Farmers can consider the concept of 5 T, which is the right way, the proper dosage, the right time, the right type and the right quality that is important in providing that which is not suitable enough for vegetative and generative growth of oil palm.
INOVASI PENANAMAN BIBIT AREN UNTUK KONSERVASI DI BANTARAN SUNGAI BATANG HARI DI NAGARI SUNGAI DAREH KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA Zahlul Ikhsan; Indra Dwipa; Yaherwandi Yaherwandi; Reflinaldon Reflinaldon; Edwin Edwin; Dewi Rezki; Irwin Mirza Umami; Siska Efendi; Wulan Kumala Sari; Dede Suhendra
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v4i1.487

Abstract

Nagari Sungai Dareh, Pulau Punjung District, Dharmasraya Regency is an area located on the banks of the Batang Hari River. Rivers must be protected and conserved, and their functions and benefits must be improved for the health and sustainability of the ecosystem. Planting sugar palm on the river banks is one way that can be done to preserve the river. Besides being useful for conservation, sugar palm also has a high economic value. This activity aims to empower the community by 1) Conservation activities on the banks of the Batang Hari river, and 2) Introduction of sugar palm plants and increasing community knowledge and skills in sugar palm cultivation. This activity was carried out in Jorong Sungai Kilangan Nagari Sungai Dareh, Dharmasraya Regency, with lectures, discussions, and demonstrations of planting sugar palm on the banks of the river. The number of students involved was five people. The people of Nagari Sungai Dareh are very enthusiastic about listening and discussing sugar palm cultivation and the importance of river conservation. Most of the participants are very interested and will immediately plant sugar palm on their land, but some are still learning more. As a form of our hope that the planting of sugar palm on the river banks can be successful, we assist ± 200 sugar palm seeds for the people of Nagari Sungai Dareh. Community empowerment through sugar palm cultivation has been able to increase community knowledge and skills about the importance of maintaining river sustainability and the prospects and challenges of sugar palm cultivation.
Co-Authors . Herviyanti . Reflinaldon Abdel Raheem Ade Noferta Ade Noferta Ade Noferta, Ade Ade Noverta Aditya Muhammad Adrinal Afifah, Aditya Nurul Ahmad Danial Ahmad Firas Hakiki ALI NURMANSYAH Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Ardi Ardi Ardi Ardi Ardi Arifda A.S. Waruwu Arlen Hasan Arsy Aysyah Anas Asma Pani Aswaldi Anwar Aulia Aryanti, Nissa Awa luddin Awaluddin Awaluddin Awaluddin Awaluddin Awaluddin Benni Satria Botek, Muhammad Dadang Dadang Dadang DADANG DADANG Dede Suhendra Dede Suhendra Denal Putra Melketa Dewi Rezki Dewi Sartiami Dila Safitri Dini Yuliana Solin Edwin Edwin Edwin Edwin Edwin Edwin elza dwi pertiwi Fahria Nadiryati Sadimantara Febriani Febriani FNU Nurhasnita Giyanto Giyanto Gusti Indriati Hamdan Maruli Siregar Hasmiandy Hamid Hasri Gusman Hayati, PK Dewi I Wayan Winasa I Wayan Winasa Ibnu Fajar Ilham Akbar Indra Dwipa Irawan, Retno Irfan Suliansyah Irwin Mirza Umami Irwin Mirza Umami La Oge luddin, Awa Lusi Maira Luthfi Luthfi Maiwil Diratika Marsuki Iswandi, Marsuki Meli Aprila Mihwan Sataral Muh Saifal Haq Muhammad Botek Muhammad Botek Muhammad, Aditya Munzir Busniah MY SYAHRAWATI Nalwida Rozen Nasrez Akhir Nofrizal Nofrizal NOVRI NELLY Nuriadi Nuriadi Nuriadi Prabowo, Stevanie Puji Setiawati Putri Diana Rafki Saputra Retno Irawan Ridho Romarta Rover Rover Roza Silvia Roza, Silvia Ruly Anwar Sandy Miranda Pranata setiawati, rahmi Siska Desri Wirahmi, Busman, Edrizal, Sri Heriza Sri Landes, Megi Sri Nadiawati SUCI HERMANDA Syahbanuari Sitompul TRIZELIA TRIZELIA Ulka Sri Asih Vindy Fetricia Amanda Wahyudin, Cecep Ijang Waode Siti Anima Hisein Waode Siti Anima Hisein Waode Siti Anima Hisein Widya Purnama Sari Wulan Kumala Wulan Kumala Sari Yaherwandi Yaherwandi Yaherwandi Yuli Suherlina Yulistriani, Yulistriani Yusniwati Yusniwati Yusran Yusran Zaedar A. Dg. Masese Zahlul Ikhsan