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Water Extract Activity of Papaya Leaf as Antibiofilm against Escherichia coli Livia Rhea Alvita; Syamsul Falah; Novik Nurhidayat
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Biofilms are significant hazards in the food industry. The presence of Escherichia coli biofilms in food industry is potentially causing food spoilage that will shorten the shelf life as well as lead to the spread of disease through food. The purpose of this study is to determine the phytochemical compound of aqueous extract of papaya leaves and to determine its activity on inhibition of cell attachment and growth, and on degradation of the biofilm using Micro-titter Plate Biofilm Assay. The results phytochemical test showed that papaya leave extract contains alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, and steroid and have anti-biofilm activity. Papaya leave extract with highest activity caused biofilm degradation of 48,99%. The optimum temperature of biofilm degradation (>52,5%) by papaya leaves extract was around 35oC - 40oC. The optimum contact time and extract concentration were 57-60 minutes and 75-100%, respectively.
Trametes versicolor as Agent for Delignification of Rice Husks Laita Nurjanah; Syamsul Falah; Azmi Azhari; Suryani Suryani; I Made Artika
Current Biochemistry Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014)
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Rice husks contains 33.71% w/w lignocelluloses, the most abundantly available raw material on the earth for the production of biofuels and other valuable products. It is comprised of the carbohydrate polymers, cellulose, hemicellulose, and an aromatic polymer, lignin. One of the methods for removing the lignin component of rice husks is by delignification using white-rot-fungi. The aim of the study was to carry out delignification of rice husks using white-rot-fungi. The white-rot-fungi used here were Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The study consisted of a biomass and microbial preparation, chemical assay of the rice husk, ligninase enzyme tests, and delignification of rice husks. Results showed that T. versicolor and P. chrysosporium have ligninase enzyme. The precentage of lignin from the total biomass rice husks was 23.61% w/w, and following the delignification process by T. versicolor for 20 days, the remaining lignin was 16.20% w/w, making the percentage of rice husks lignin degraded as 7.41% w/w. The biodelignification process also decreased the percentage of holocellullose, cellulose, and other extracted substances, and accordingly this increased the percentage of hemicellulose. Based on the ability of T. versicolor to degrade lignin of the rice husk at room temperature (28 ºC) as mentioned above, it can be concluded that T. versicolor has potential to be used for delignification process.
Delignifikasi Batang Kayu Sengon oleh Trametes versicolor Azmi Azhari; Syamsul Falah; Laita Nurjannah; Suryani Suryani; Maria Bintang
Current Biochemistry Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : IPB University

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Delignification is a lignin degradation, a preliminary process in industries that used cellulose containing substrates. Sengon logs are often used for the material in pulp industry because it has high levels of cellulose and low level of lignin. The aim of this study was delignification of sengon logs by using T.versicolor. The methods used include observation growth of T.versicolor compared with Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the rate of of lignin degradation (black liquor), delignification of sengon logs using T.versicolor and the chemical assay of sengon logs before and after delignification. The results of this study showed that delignification by T.versicolor was faster compared to P.chrysosporium based on the rate of lignin degradation (black liquor). The result showed that delignification by T.versicolor at room temperature reduced lignin of sengon logs by 37.31% within 20 days. Chemical assay performed on delignified sengon wood showed decreased level of ethanol benzene, soluble extractive substances, holocellulose, and cellulose and an increase of hemicellulose level.
Amplification and Analysis of Cytocrome Oxidase I of Polypedates leucomystax from Bogor Agricultural University Area Perkasa Arian; I Made Artika; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 1 (2016)
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DNA barcoding has become a useful tool for identifying and confirming of species within a known taxonomic framework. A large-scale effort is underway to barcode all amphibian species using the universally sequenced DNA region, a partial fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). This study was aimed to use DNA barcoding technique to identify and confirm species of Polypedates leucomystax and to analyze their phylogenetic relationship. Samples of Polypedates leucomystax were collected from Campus Area of Bogor Agricultural University. The cytochrome oxidase I gene of 600-700 nucleotides were amplified and observed in agarose gel electrophoresis. Forward sequence (604 base pairs) of COI gene was used for phylogenetic analyses. BLAST analysis against BOLD System database showed 95.75% identity with sequences of Polypedates leucomystax. The pairwise genetic distances of Polypedates leucomystax with Rhacophorus schlegelii, Limnonectes fujianensis, Fejervarya cancrivora, and Bufo melanostictus were 0.274, 0.352, 0.339, 0.339, 0.393, respectively. These results illustrated that the genetic identification is congruence with the morphological identification. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the samples were in one clade with other tree frogs. The DNA barcoding technique based on the sequence of COI gene can therefore be used to identify and confirm species of Polypedates leucomystax.
Application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (Bio-fertilizer) Enriched Consortium Bacteria and Golden Snail (Pamoacea canliculata) in Ciherang Rice Flowering Agus Setiawan; Maria Bintang; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Application of organic fertilizer today has become a necessity, benefits can be felt by farmers using organic fertilizers because increasing content of organic matter and soil nutrition so that increased productivity of agricultural land. Golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata) was introduced to Asia in the 1980s from South America as a potential food for humans. nutritional content of golden snails when added to other ingredients can be a good growth medium for growth of various types of bacteria (consortium) as basic ingredients of liquid organic fertilizer (Bio-fertilizer). Bio-fertilizer was made from golden snail plus consortium bacteria which then carried out isolation and calculation number of bacterial colonies that grow, test activity of phosphate solvent, nitrogen fixation and effectiveness of Ciherang rice flowering. Bio-fertilizer applications made in combination with solid organic fertilizers significantly increase plant height, number of tillers, multiply and accelerate flowering of Ciherang rice.
Effect of Boiled Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on Total Phenolic, Flavonoid and its Antioxidant Activity Hasim Hasim; Syamsul Falah; Lia Kusuma Dewi
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : IPB University

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Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) widely used as vegetables in many regions. Cassava leaves contain many minerals such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Ca, P, K, S, contain crude protein, β-carotene and have an active compound of flavonoids, phenolic, and contain chlorophyll which is a natural antioxidant. The aims of this study were to analyze the effect of boiled cassava leaves on total phenolics, flavonoids, and its antioxidant activity. Cassava leaves extraction was done by maceration method to obtain the methanol extract and infundation method to get the water extract. Based on phytochemical test, cassava leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic, tannins, and saponins. The highest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids contained in the methanol extract of simplicia, 30.57 mg GAE/g and 881.33 mg RE/g, respectively. Cassava leaves extract had potential as an antioxidant with the highest inhibition of DPPH radicals produced by the methanol extract of simplicia with IC50 values of 92.10 mg/L and followed by methanol extract of boiled leaves, water extract of simplicia, and water extract of boiled leaves with IC50 144.28, 155.76 dan 170.71 mg/L , respectively. In conclusion, the process of boiling cassava leaves could reduce total phenolic, total flavonoids and antioxidant activcity.
Uji Fitokimia dan Identifikasi Senyawa-Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etil Asetat, Etanol dan Air Tanaman Zingiber zerumbet Asal Pulau Timor Origenes Boy Kapitan; Laksmi Ambarsari; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016)
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Uji Fitokimia dan Identifikasi Senyawa-Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etil Asetat, Etanol dan Air Tanaman Zingiber zerumbet Asal Pulau Timor Origenes Boy Kapitan; Laksmi Ambarsari; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : IPB University

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Toxicity Extract and Faction of Surian Toona sinensis Leaf and Bark against Shrimp Larvae Artemia salina L. Rori Theresia; Syamsul Falah; Mega Safithri; Muhammad Assyar
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : IPB University

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Surian (Toona sinensis) is one of the herbs that contain many bioactive compounds. Part of surian plants that can be utilized as therapy is leaf and bark. This study aims to determine the toxicity of leaf and bark extract of Surian through Bhrine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), then compare toxic concentration of water extract, and ethanol 70 %, and n-hexane, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions to shrimp larvae (Artemia salina L). The results showed that water content of leaves simplicia was 8.08 % and bark was 6.26 %. The highest extract rendement value by ethanol solvent was 23 %. The result of BSLT test probit analysis showed that the extract of ethyl acetate bark fraction had the highest toxicity with LC50 value 405.641 ppm, while leaf water extract had the lowest toxicity with LC50 value 707.787 ppm.
Antioxidant Activity, Inhibition α-Glucosidase of Ethanol Extract of Strychnos nitida G. Don and Identification of Active Compounds Stefani Dhale Rale; Hasim Hasim; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 5 No. 3 (2018)
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This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.
Co-Authors , Triadiati Achmad . Achmad Achmad Agnia Nurul Jannati Agus Setiawan Agus Wibowo Aji Winara Aji Winara Ambarsavitri, Rahmadhani Ani Sulistiyani Arif Rakhman AYU LESTARI Azmi Azhari Azmi Azhari, Azmi Brilyan Yudha Pratama Budi Martono Desi Nurafida Desi Sommaliagustina Desriani Desriani DIMAS ANDRIANTO Dwi Endah Kusumawati Dwicesaria, Maheswari Alfira Ekajayanti Kining Eneng Nurlaela Faizal, Enceng Arif Fitriana S Monisa Gumelar, Dian Rachmat Hasana, Nurul Hasim Hasim Hudayanti, Martini I Gusti Agung Komang Diafari Djuni Hartawan I MADE ARTIKA Jaka, Aris Tri Kapitan, Origenes Boy Khalimatus Sadiah Khodijah Khodijah L M. Alfin Agushara Bena Laita Nurjanah Laita Nurjanah, Laita Laita Nurjannah Laita Nurjannah, Laita LAKSMI AMBARSARI Latifah K Darusman Lia Kusuma Dewi Livia Rhea Alvita MARIA BINTANG Marwanto, Yoga Dwi Maulana Hasanudin Mega Safithri Melati Devina Gustini Wirastuti Moh. Wifaqul Idaini Muhammad Assyar Muhammad Duror An Nashich Mustopa Mustopa Nandang Najmudin Neneng Hasanah Ni’mah, Naily Fitrotun Noora Qotrun Nada, Noora Qotrun Novik Nurhidayat Novik Nurhidayat Novilia Eka Syafitri Nuur’Alimah, Shobiroh Padma, Zahara Dwi Pelita, Bobang Noorisnan Perkasa Arian Pratama, Arkan Nandia Pratiwi, Anggita Aziz Purwanto, Ukhradiya Magharaniq Safira Putra, Nauval Dwi Anugrah Rahman, Syabilla Aulia Rahmania, Fitriani Jati Rakhman, Itmam Aulia Resti Wahyuni Resti Wahyuni Ria Candra Dewi Rini Kurniasih, Rini Rini Novita Riska Ariyanti, Riska Robiatul Adawiyah Rori Theresia Rosyidah, Rara Annisaur Saebani, Beni Ahmad Safira Purwanto, Ukhradiya Magharaniq Sanro Tachibana Setriani, Sofia Shobiroh Nuur'Alimah Siagian, Amita Stefani Dhale Rale Sulistiyani Sulistiyani Supriyanto, Hadi Suryani Suryani Suryani Suryani Suryani Suryani Susetyo Bagas Bhaskoro Syaefudin Syaripudin, Dadang Takeshi Katayama Theresia, Rori Tien Lastini Toshisada Suzuki Tusadiah, Alima Umul Karimah Waras Nurcholis Wiwit Amrinola Yogi Nur Anggowo Zaki Mubarok, Zaki Zuraida Zuraida