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All Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY BIOEDUSCIENCE Indonesian Journal of Chemistry JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) JFIOnline Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Keluwih: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani (MUDIMA) Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) Journal of Global Pharma Technology Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Khazanah Sosial

Yahdiana Harahap

Departemen Farmasi FMIPA, Universitas Indonesia

Author-ID : 275245

Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Penetapan Kadar Sakarin, Asam Benzoat, Asam Sorbat, Kofeina, Dan Aspartam Di Dalam Beberapa Minuman Ringan Bersoda Secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi Hayun, Hayun; Harahap, Yahdiana; Azizah, Citra Nur
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 1, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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As the food and beverages industry grows in Indonesia, there also has been an increase in the soft-drinks production in the society. There are elements often added into the drinks; such as caffeine, artifical sweetener and preservatives,which the content should be monitored. Because, if they are over-used, they will be hazardous to health. The purpose of this research is to obtain the optimum analysis condition for determining the content of saccharin, aspartame, benzoic acid, sorbic acid and caffeine, which are in the soft-drinks, using the reversed phase High-Performance- Liquid-Chromatography (HPLC). In this study, the condition used are Latek 18 column (15 cm x 4.0 mm), mobile phase as a mixture of acetonitrile and acetat buffer pH 5(5:95), flow rate 1,0 ml/minutes and detected by a 254 nm length-wave. The detection limit discovered by this method are for saccharin, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, caffeine and aspartame, respectively, are 0,2 ppm; 0,2 ppm; 0,007 ppm; 0,142 ppm; and 6,5 ppm. Whereas, the quantitative limit for saccharin, benzoic acid, sor- bic acid, caffeine and aspartame, respectively, are 0,689 ppm; 0,852 ppm; 0,027 ppm; 0,452 ppm; 25,2 ppm. The calibration curve ranged between 1-60 ppm for saccharin and benzoid acid, 1-40 ppm for caffeine, 0.05-2 ppm for sorbic acid, and 30-100 ppm for aspartame. The investigation has been done for five (5) brands od soft-drinks. The analysis results are sample A contains caffeine 96,66 ppm, sample B contains saccharin 112,13 ppm, benzoic acid 206,81 ppm, and caffeine 130,63 ppm. Sample C contains benzoic acid 10,83 ppm and caffeine 97,66 ppm. Sample D con- tains benzoic acid 163,78 ppm, caffeine 101,52 ppm, and aspartame 231,20 ppm. The amounts of saccharin, benzoic acid, caffeine, and aspartame which has been found in the sample, do not exceed the tolerance limit of usage, whereas the amount of benzoic acid which has been found in sample B exceed the tolerance limit of usage.

Analisis Adduct DNA Setelah Pemberian Natrium Nitrit dan Dimetilamin Secara Berulang Pada Tikus Meilianti, Sherly; Harahap, Yahdiana; Hayun, Hayun
Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 8, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Nitrosodimethylamine is a carcinogenic compound which can be formed from the reaction of nitrite and dimethylamine that is found in food. Nitrosodimethylamineis activated in liver and alkylates the DNA base and producing a DNA adductssuch as O6-methylguanine and N7-methylguanine that have a role incarcinogenesis. In this research, DNA was isolated from rat’s blood which waspreviously given nitrosodimethylamine’s precursor, sodium nitrite anddimethylamine. DNA adducts can be obtained from hydrolysis in hydrochloricacid 0.1 N for 30 minutes at 7000C. Then the adducts were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), with a strong cation exchangecolumn (Supelcosil LC-SCX, 5 μm, 250 x 4.6 mm), mobile phase consisting ofammonium phosphate with a final concentration of 40 mM, pH 3.00, flow rate 1.5mL/minute, column temperature 30oC and detected at exitation wavelength 286 nm and emission wavelength 366 nm. This method gave an acceptable validation result according to accuracy and precicion test results that fulfill the requirementand linear calibration curve with a quantitation limit of 22,5403 ng/mL. Rats were divided into six groups that two groups were given nitrosodimethylamine aspositive control, three groups were given prekursor, and the other was normalcontrol. Blood samples were collected in 1,2 and 4 hour after last induced. Aftergiving sodium nitrite 110 mg/kg bw and dimethylamine (1:5) orally for a week,N7-methylguanine and O6-methylguanine had not been detected in rat’s blood.

Removal of Mimosine from Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Seeds to Increase Their Benefits as Nutraceuticals Wardatun, Sri; Harahap, Yahdiana; Mun'im, Abdul; Saputri, Fadlina Chany, Dr.; Sutandyo, Noorwati
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit tree contains pharmacologically active compounds and can easily be found in abundant quantities. The utilization of this tree as a source of nutraceuticals would increase its value. The extraction yields show the number of compounds that have been extracted by solvent. However, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit seeds also contain mimosine, which can cause hair loss. The present study investigated the process of removing mimosine from the seeds. Three treatments were applied to these seeds: treatment without soaking, soaking with distilled water for 24 hours, and splitting the seeds in half and then soaking with distilled water for 24 hours. The seeds were dried, ground, and then extracted with different concentrations of ethanol solvent. The mimosine levels of the extracts were measured with a JascoV-730 spectrophotometer using ferry chloride as a reagent. The results showed that the soaking process and the concentration of ethanol had significant effects on the extract yields and mimosine levels. The unsoaked seeds, extracted with 70% ethanol, produced the highest ratio of extract yield to mimosine level. Therefore, 70% ethanol can be used as a solvent to utilize unsoaked seeds as nutraceuticals.

Karakterisasi Gelatin Hasil Ekstraksi dari Kulit Ikan Patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) dengan Proses Asam dan Basa Nasution, Azlaini Yus; Harmita, Harmita; Harahap, Yahdiana
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 5, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Gelatin in the majority market comes from pigs and cows. The raw material of gelatin manufacture from other sources continue to be studied because it closely related with halal product. Currently gelatin from fish is an alternative to gelatin making. Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) is a fish species developed in Kampar regency of Riau Province. The catfish skin can be used as raw material source in gelatin production. This study aims to compare the characteristics of gelatin extracted from catfish skin with acid and alkaline pretreatment. In the acid pretreatment, sulfuric acid is used until the solution at pH 3, then it is extracted with distilled water at 60ºC. In the alkaline pretreatment, the sample was added by 0.2 N NaOH followed by 0.05 N acetic acid and then extracted with distilled water at 60ºC. Characterizations done were including calculation of rendement value, organoleptic test, moisture content, pH, ash content, viscosity, gel strength and texture profile analysis using texture analyzer, protein content with Kjeldahl method and analysis amino acid with HPLC. Characterization of catfish gelatin with acid process gives the following results: rendement (14.94%), water content (9.80%), pH (5.14), ash (0.19%), viscosity (3.12 cP), protein content (97.71%), and highest amino acids, glycine = 16.90 %, proline = 11.08%, glutamic acid = 9.10 %. The result of gelatin characterizations with alkaline process: rendement (14.30%), water content (7.25%), and pH (5.35), ash content (1.54%), viscosity (5.35 cP), gel strength (141,5 g), protein content (91.92%), the highest amino acid content are glycine = 18.15%, proline = 12.30%, glutamic acid = 10.73%. Catfish gelatin through alkaline pretreatment exhibits better properties than acid pretreatment.

Validasi Metode Analisis Ofloksasin dalam Plasma In Vitro secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi-Fluoresensi Mengacu pada European Medicines Agency Guideline Tania, Letitia; Sitepu, Eme Stepani; Harahap, Yahdiana
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Ofloxacin is an antibiotic from second generation of fluoroquinolones group. Concentration of ofloxacin in human plasma is in low level, and due to that fact, it requires a selective, accurate, sensitive method of analysis. In this study, the optimization and validation of ofloxacin analysis in human plasma using high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence with ciprofloxacin-HCl as an internal standard were carried out. Separation of ofloxacin was performed using C18 (Waters, SunfireTM 5 µm; 250 x 4.6 mm) column with an isocratic mobile phase consisted of triethylamine 1% in water pH 3.0–acetonitrile (84:16) in the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, 40oC column temperature whereas the detection was carried out at excitation of 300 nm and emission of 500 nm. Plasma extraction was done by deproteination using methanol, through the process of vortex and centrifugation (10000 rpm) for 2 minutes and 10 minutes consecutively. The method was valid and linear within the concentration ranged from 21,4 ng/mL to 4280 ng/mL with LLOQ of 21,4 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy and presicion was not more than + 20% for LLOQ and not more than + 15% for QCL, QCM, and QCH samples in both % diff and coefficient of variation. Ofloxacin was stable in human plasma at least three freeze and thaw cycle, for at least 24 hours in room temperature and 28 days at -20oC. This bioanalytical method fulfilled the acceptance criteria following EMEA guideline.

Chemical Properties, Biological Activities and Poisoning Treatment of Novichok: A Review Rahmania, Tesia Aisyah; Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma; Renesteen, Editha; Harahap, Yahdiana
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Novichok is an organophosphate compound found as a nerve agent chemical weapon. However, the information about its chemical properties, biological activities, and molecular interactions in the body are still protected under the “top secret” security clearance. Novichok, with the codes A230, A232 and A234, is a compound whose structure has been successfully determined. The compound is synthesized from a precursor through a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Novichok agents are considered more potent than VX gas and can be applied in unitary and binary forms. This compound has ability for the binding with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) due to inability of acetylcholine metabolism. AChE catalyzes the rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine to acetate and choline. The treatment of Novichok agent poisoning is similar to management of other nerve agents, such as atropine and pralidoxime administered intravenously. In this paper, we reviewed the Novichok component from chemical and biological perspective. Moreover, we discussed the potential molecular interaction and treatment of this compound.

Studi Pengaruh Iradiasi Gamma Terhadap Kadar Senyawa Bioaktif dan Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale roscoe) Aulia Nova Kusumaningtyas; Yahdiana Harahap; Abdul Mun'im; Supandi Supandi
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 6 No 3 (2022): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Background: In Indonesia, the use of herbal plants in overcoming several health problems shows a fairly high rate. Red ginger is one of the herbs that is widely consumed and empirically has the property of relieving or reducing inflammation. However, as is well known, in general the microbiological contamination of herbs is quite high. To maintain the quality of herbal plants, special treatment is required, to ensure that microbial contamination is within safe limits. This study aims to determine the effect of gamma irradiation on the number of microbial contamination, and the bioactive content of 6,8,10-gingerol; 6-shogaol in 70% ethanol extract of red ginger, and its activity as an anti-inflammatory. Methodes: Samples of 70% ethanol extract of red ginger were irradiated with various doses of 0, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 KGy. Microbiological contamination is determined in Total Plate Number and Yeast Mold Number. The content of compounds 6,8,10-gingerol and 6-shogaol was observed by high performance liquid method and their anti-inflammatory activity was observed by protein denaturation inhibition (BSA) method. Results: Gamma irradiation at doses of 0, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 KGy reduced microbial contamination as the exposure dose increased, and did not affect the levels of bioactive 6,8,10-gingerol; 6-shogaol and its anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity of 70% ethanol extract of red ginger is influenced by the content of bioactive compounds. Conclusion: Gamma irradiation is effective for decontaminating microbiological contaminants, and improving the quality of red ginger, and does not affect the bioactive levels contained and its anti-inflammatory activity (in vivo).

Simultaneous Analytical Method Of 6-Mercaptopurine and 6-Methylmercaptopurine In-vitro Study With Bio-Sampling Venipuncture and Dried Blood Spot Yahdiana Harahap
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 09 Issue 05
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Objective: 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent. Metabolic pathway by thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) to become 6-methylmercaptopurine (6-MMP).Bio-sampling is required to obtainbiological sample, using two technique; invasive (venipuncture) and minimum invasive(dried blood spot). This study aims to obtain an optimization and validation analysis 6-MP and 6-MMP in vitro study with bio-sampling venipuncture and dried blood spot (DBS). Method: Plasma from venipuncture method extraction was done using dichloromethane. Separation was performed using Waters HPLC, C18 SunfireTM column (5μm, 250 x 4.6 mm), with gradient elution, flow rate 1 mL/min and detected at UV-PDA wavelength of 303 nm. Bio-sampling dried blood spot with DBS CAMAG® paper diameter of 8 mm and extracted with acetonitrile-methanol (1:3). Separation was performed with Waters LC-MS/MS UPLC C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1 x 100 mm) with gradient elution, flow rate 0.2 mL/min. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was used as internal standard.Result: The method venipuncture was linear at concentration range of 2-200 ng/mL for 6-MP and 20-2000 ng/mL for 6-MMP. The method dried blood spot using Waters Xevo TQD for mass detection with positive electrospray ionization (ESI) for 6-MP, 6-MMP and negative ESI for 5-FU in Multiple Reaction Monitoring mode. Linear with the range 26-1000 ng/mL for 6-MP and 13-500 ng/mL for 6-MMP.Conclusion: The developed method is valid for 6-MP and 6-MMP simultaneously in vitro from venipuncture using HPLC and from dried blood spot using LC-MS/MS and showed good selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision, matrix effect and stability.Keywords: 6-mercaptopurine, 6-methylmercaptopurine, Venipuncture, Dried blood spot.

Modest Simultaneous Determination of Acetylsalicylic Acid and Salicylic Acid in Plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography UV Detection Yahdiana Harahap
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 01.
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Objective: Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the drugs used in antiplatelet therapy. ASA is rapidly hydrolyzed to salicylic acid (SA) and has low levels in plasma. Analysis of ASA and SA in plasma has been done using LC-MS/MS, UHPLC, and HPLC with hydrolysis and fluorescence detector. Compared to those methods, HPLC equipped with UV detector is less expensive. The method using HPLC with UV detector also has been done but not sensitive enough according to the LLOQ. Therefore a sensitive and selective analysis method needs to be developed. This study aims to develop an analytical method of ASA and SA in human plasma using HPLC with UV detector.Method: The method used in this study is Reversed Phase - High Performance Liquid Chromatography using C18 column (Waters, Reliant™ 5 μm; 250 x 4.6 mm) with UV-Vis detector and was detected at wavelength of 230 nm. This method was developed using furosemide as internal standard (IS). Human plasma containing ASA and SA was extracted after protein precipitaion method using 15% perchloric acid with a liquid-liquid extraction method using ethyl acetate.Result: The method obtained was linear (r ≥ 0.99) at concentration range of 0.05 – 1.5 μg/mL for ASA and concentration range of 0.2 – 5.0 μg/mL for SA. The validation result of ASA and SA analytical method fulfilled the validation requirement of EMEA Bioanalytical Guideline in the year 2011. Therefore the method provides modest, sensitive, and selective measurements of ASA and SA concentrations.

Effect of Anticoagulant on Acetylsalicylic Acid and Salicylic Acid Analysis in Plasma In Vitro with High Performance Liquid Chromatography Yahdiana Harahap
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 01.
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Background: Evaluation of the anticoagulant effect and analysis of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and salicylic acid (SA) is important. Full validation of in vitro methods using citrate anticoagulant in the form of CPD-A has previously been done, whereas in the implementation of in vivo studies, EDTA and heparin were used as anticoagulants. Based on EMEA 2011, if there are anticoagulant changes in validated analysis methods then partial validation should be performed. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of different types of anticoagulants on the analysis of ASA and SA in plasma after being preceded by partial validation. Materials and Method: Analysis was performed using high pressure liquid chromatography column C18 (Waters, ReliantTM 5μm; 250 x 4.6 mm); mobile phase acetonitrile - phosphate buffer 20 mM (35:65) with pH 2.5; 1.0 mL/min flow rate; column temperature 35˚C; 14 minutes of time analysis with furosemide as internal standard. Results: Accuracy and precision in plasma citrate, heparin, and EDTA analysis fulfilled linear calibration curves in ASA and SA. Stability and recovery of ASA and SA in plasma with different anticoagulants showed no significant difference, however the peak area response ratio for the three types of anticoagulants between plasma with anticoagulant heparin-citrate and EDTA-citrate showed significant difference and plasma with heparin anticoagulant provides a larger area than plasma with EDTA anticoagulants. Conclusion: From this experiment, the analytical methods obtained were considered to meet the validation requirements for use of citrate, heparin, or EDTA anticoagulants based on EMEA 2011.

Co-Authors . Harmita . Hayun . Hayun Abdul Mun'im Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Ahmad Sulaeman Aldrat, Hendri Aldrat, Hendri Andranilla, Rr. Kirana Ani Susanti Ani Susanti Anja Tamabri Anjani, Qonita Kurnia Aulia Nova Kusumaningtyas Baitha Palanggatan Maggadani, Baitha Palanggatan Bambang Karsono Bantari Wisnu Kusuma Wardhani Binsar Simanjuntak Binsar Simanjuntak, Binsar Callista Andinie Mulyadi Chairunnisa, Dian Fitri Christine Estherina Christine Estherina, Christine Citra Nur Azizah Citra Nur Azizah, Citra Nur Cosphiadi Irawan Dadang Kusmana DENNI JOKO PURWANTO, DENNI JOKO Dewi, Dian Andriani Ratna Donnelly, Ryan F. Eliza Halim Eme Stepani Sitepu Erilia Kesumahati Erny Sagita, Erny Fadlina Chany Saputri Hardinsyah Harefa, Faonaso Harmita Harmita Harmita Harmita Harmita Harmita Harmita Harmita, Harmita Harryanto Reksodiputro, Harryanto Hartrianti, Pietradewi Hayun Hayun Hayun Hayun Heffen, Wan Lelly Heffen, Wan Lelly HENDRI ALDRAT Herman Suryadi I MADE ARTIKA Indah Widyaningsih Krismartina, Mirna Krismartina, Mirna Lestari Rahayu Letitia Tania Letitia Tania, Letitia Loedfiasfiati Alawiyah Maksum Radji Mardhiani, Rizka Maryati Kurniadi Meriska Sukandar Mun'im, Abdul Nadia Farhanah Syafhan Nasution, Azlaini Yus Noorwati Sutandyo Noorwati Sutandyo Noviyantih, Noviyantih Nu Alia Nu Alia, Nu Nur Isra Nurrobi, R.M. Tjahya Permata Sari, Kartika Citra Dewi Pridilla, Asmiladita Punu, Gabriella F. Punu, Gabriella Frederika Raden Rara Diah Handayani Rahmania, Tesia Aisyah Ramadhani, Dwi Asih RAMADON, DELLY Renesteen, Editha Reynatha Pangsibidang Rianto Setiabudy Rianto Setiabudy Rizka Andalusia Santi Purna Sari Shania Rizki Ivany Sherly Meilianti Sherly Meilianti, Sherly Sitepu, Eme Stepani Siti Hafilah Sri Wardatun Sunarsih Sunarsih Sunarsih Supandi Supandi Supandi Sutanto Syahrul Tuba Theresia Sinandang Theresia Sinandang, Theresia Timbul Partogi Haposan Simorangkir Trisina, Jessica Umar Mansur Umar Mansur Umar Mansur, Umar Vicha Vicha Wahono Sumaryono Wan Lelly H Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma Widyati Widyati Winnugroho Wiratman

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