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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA Journal of Oceanography Jurnal Pengolahan dan Bioteknologi Hasil Perikanan Journal of Marine Research Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Jurnal Intek Akuakultur Jurnal DISPROTEK Pagaruyuang Law Journal Ulumuddin : Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman International Journal of Social and Management Studies (IJOSMAS) Indonesian Journal of Mollusk Mukaddimah: Jurnal Studi Islam Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts Journal of Fisheries & Marine Jihapenmas Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam
Ali Ridlo
Department Of Marine Sciences, Faculty Of Fisheries And Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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The Characteristics of Bioplastic Made from Sodium Alginate and Kappa Carrageenan Putri, Dhiya Aflah Luswanto; Ridlo, Ali; Hartati, Retno
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 28, No 1 (2025): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v28i1.25887

Abstract

Synthetic plastic is commonly used daily, but its non-biodegradable nature poses a significant environmental threat. Therefore, it is urgent to explore sustainable alternatives such as bioplastics. Alginate, a polysaccharide, is a promising raw material for bioplastics. However, its poor elasticity characteristic necessitates the addition of other polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, to improve bioplastics' mechanical properties. This research aims to determine the characteristics (physical and mechanical properties) of bioplastics made from a mixture of alginate and kappa-carrageenan. The laboratory experimental methods were applied with a completely randomized design. The treatments are mixtures of alginate and k-carrageenan in the following ratios: 10:0 (A10K0), 8:2 (A8K2), 6:4 (A6K4), 4:6 (A4K6), 2:8 (A2K8), 0:10 (A0K10). The characteristics of bioplastic films measured were thickness, water resistance, tensile strength, elongation, and appearance. The optimal bioplastic formulation (4:6 ratio of k-carrageenan to alginate) exhibited a film thickness of 138.3 µm, 16.6% biodegradability, tensile strength of 22.965 N/mm², and 2.73% elongation. The scanning electron microscope showed that the surface structure of bioplastic A4K6 made fromthe ratios of k-carrageenan and alginate of 4:6 had fewer structure cracks and more surface smoothness. 
Erratum to “Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Microalgae Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii” Ridlo, Ali; Pringgenies, Delianis; Ribka Anindita Br Perangin-angin; Dafit Ariyanto
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Erratum to “Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Microalgae Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii” [Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Volume 15 Issue 2, 16 Agustus 2023] Ali Ridlo1* , Delianis Pringgenies1, Ribka Anindita Br Perangin-angin1, and Dafit Ariyanto2 1Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java. Indonesia 2Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta. Indonesia Refers to Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Microalgae Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Volume 15 Issue 2, 16 Agustus 2023 Ali Ridlo, Delianis Pringgenies, Ribka Anindita Br Perangin-angin, and Dafit Ariyanto https://doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v15i2.36740 In the originally published version of this article, the formula contains a formatting error, and Figure 3 mention wrong solvent names : N heksana, etil asetat, metanol. The authors regret this error and hereby provide the corrected version of the formula and Figure 3. This correction does not affect the scientific content, interpretation, or conclusions of the article. The revised formula is presented below:                             (A-B) % inhibition= -------------  ×100%                                 B The revised Figure 3 mentioned below: The authors would like to apologize for any confusion this may have caused.
Pertumbuhan, Tingkat Kelangsungan Hidup dan Stres Salinitas Litopenaeus Vannamei Melalui Pengkayaan Artemia dengan Alginat Yudiati, Ervia; Harahap, Akbar; Ridlo, Ali; Arifin, Zaenal; Hidayati, Jelita Rahma
Jurnal Intek Akuakultur Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Intek Akuakultur
Publisher : Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

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Abstract

Salah satu faktor penurunan produktivitas udang disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan, termasuk salinitas dan kualitas pakan, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Artemia yang diperkaya alginat terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan dan ketahanan terhadap stres salinitas pada Post-Larva (PL)1 Litopenaeus vannamei. Pengkayaan Artemia dilakukan dengan proses perendaman selama satu jam. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan Kontrol (tanpa pengkayaan alginat) dan 3 perlakuan (pengkayaan Artemia sebanyak 10 ekor/mL/hari dengan alginat pada dosis 0 (kontrol), 400, 600, 800 ppm). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Pemeliharaan dengan pemberian pakan pengkayaan Artemia dilakukan selama 14 hari. Pertumbuhan panjang mutlak tertinggi diperoleh perlakuan yang diberi Artemia yang diperkaya alginat 600 ppm. Pertumbuhan mutlak berat diperoleh dari perlakuan Artemia dengan pengkayaan alginat 600 dan 800 ppm. Ketahanan stres salinitas tertinggi dengan kematian terlama diperoleh pada perlakuan yang diberi Artemia dengan pengkayaan alginat 400 ppm. Pemberian Artemia yang diperkaya alginat mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan terhadap stres salinitas PL L. vannamei, namun tidak menunjukan pengaruh terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup.
Kitosan sebagai Bioadsorben Logam Besi (Fe) pada Jaringan Lunak Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) Pramastuti, Fransisca Ria; Supriyantini, Endang; Pramesti, Rini; Sedjati, Sri; Ridlo, Ali
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 13, No 1 (2024): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v13i1.41095

Abstract

Logam besi (Fe) merupakan logam berat essensial yang dibutuhkan oleh makhluk hidup termasuk manusia dalam jumlah sedikit.  Jika jumlahnya melebihi batas ambang dapat menimbulkan efek racun karena bersifat karsinogenik. Salah satu upaya mengurangi kadar logam Fe pada daging kerang tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan kitosan atau turunan kitosan yaitu karboksimetil kitosan (KMK) sebagai adsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi KMK dan kitosan terhadap kapasitas dan daya adsorpsi, serta konsentrasi terbaik dalam menurunkan kandungan logam berat Fe pada jaringan lunak kerang hijau. Metode penelitian secara eksperimental laboratoris. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu sumber kitosan yang digunakan yaitu kitosan dan karboksimetil kitosan (KMK) dan faktor kedua yaitu variasi konsentrasi yaitu kontrol (0%); 0,5%; 1%; 1,5% dan masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Konsentrasi logam berat Fe awal pada kerang hijau sebesar 13,17 mg/kg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh variasi konsentrasi kitosan dan KMK terhadap kapasitas dan daya adsorpsi logam berat Fe pada jaringan lunak kerang hijau. Konsentrasi terbaik pada kitosan 1,5% dapat menurunkan logam berat Fe menjadi 2,43 mg/kg dengan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 0,72 mg/g dan daya serap 81,56%, sedangkan KMK 1,5% dapat menurunkan logam berat Fe menjadi 3,68 mg/kg dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 0,63 mg/g dan daya serap sebesar 72,04%.  Fe is an essential heavy metal needed by humans in small amounts, if the amount exceeds the threshold, it can cause toxic effects because it is carcinogenic. To reduce the metal content of Fe in mussel meat, it can be done by utilizing chitosan or chitosan derivatives, namely carboxymethyl chitosan (KMK) as an adsorbent. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of KMK and chitosan on the adsorption capacity and power as well as the best concentration in reducing the heavy metal content of Fe in the soft tissue of green mussels. The research method is experimental laboratory. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors. The first factor is the source of chitosan used, namely chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan (KMK) and the second factor is the variation in concentration used, namely control (0%), 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% and each treatment 3 repetition. The initial heavy metal concentration of Fe in green mussels was 13.17 mg/kg. The results showed that there was an effect of variations in the concentration of chitosan and KMK on the capacity and adsorption ability of heavy metal Fe in green mussel meat. The best concentration of 1.5% chitosan can reduce heavy metal Fe to 2,43 mg/kg with adsorption capacity of 0.72 mg/g and absorption ability of 81.56%. Meanwhile, KMK 1.5% can reduce heavy metal Fe to 3.68 mg/kg with adsorption capacity of 0.63 mg/g and absorption ability of 72.04%. 
Persoalan Pengangguran dan Kewajiban Kerja Menurut Al Syaibani Ridlo, Ali
Quranomic: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Quranomic: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam IIQ An Nur Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37252/jebi.v1i1.186

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the problem of unemployment and work obligations according to al-Syaibani, using qualitative research methods and a literature study approach. The results of the study showed that the total unemployment rate in the period 2014 to 2018 was still fluctuating, and the average unemployment rate in that period of 100 Indonesians is 6 people who were unemployed. Meanwhile, according to Al-Syaibani, work was obligatory. Al-Syaibani also argued that everyone needed labor from others based on their expertise. The distribution of work was an economic object that had two aspects simultaneously, namely the economic aspect and the religious aspect. The problem of unemployment was an economic problem, so that all elements, both the government and the community, needed synergy in reducing the unemployment rate in Indonesia.
Implementing Kinperma Media to Improve Third-Grade Students’ Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Islamic Elementary Schools Ridlo, Ali; Arifah, Dewi; Sari, Dewi Kartika; Efendi, Muhammad Luthfi; Agustin, Nurul
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts, Article January 2
Publisher : Information Technology and Science (ITScience)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/ijmdsa.v5i1.7787

Abstract

This study aims to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of third-grade students at MI Al-Azhar Menganti Gresik through the application of Kinperma (Mathematical Multiplication Wheel) media in multiplication learning. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design using the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which was implemented in two cycles consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were 23 third-grade students in the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through observations of teacher and student activities, learning outcome tests, and student response questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative techniques. The findings indicate a significant improvement in both the learning process and student achievement. Teacher activity increased from 83% in Cycle I (good category) to 93% in Cycle II (very good category), while student activity improved from 93% to 98%, both categorized as very good. Student learning outcomes also showed substantial progress, with classical learning mastery increasing from 48% in Cycle I to 87% in Cycle II. In addition, student responses toward the use of Kinperma media improved from 81% (good category) to 90% (very good category), reflecting increased motivation, interest, and understanding of multiplication concepts. These results demonstrate that Kinperma media effectively facilitates concrete, interactive, and student-centered learning aligned with the cognitive development characteristics of elementary school students. Therefore, Kinperma media is feasible and effective as an alternative instructional medium to enhance mathematics learning outcomes, particularly in multiplication materials at the elementary school level.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Kearifan Lokal bagi Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Agustin; Ainul Fithriyah; Syamsu Dluha; Syafaatul Laili; Ali Ridlo; Luluk Abdatur Rosyidah Hanum
Jurnal Hilirisasi Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : STIE Mahardhika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29062/jihapenmas.v3i1.1484

Abstract

Pembelajaran di madrasah ibtidaiyah menuntut guru untuk mampu menghadirkan proses belajar yang aktif, kontekstual, dan bermakna sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik. Namun, pada praktiknya masih banyak guru yang menggunakan media pembelajaran konvensional dan belum mengintegrasikan kearifan lokal secara optimal. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru madrasah ibtidaiyah dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis kearifan lokal melalui pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR). Kegiatan dilaksanakan di MIN 1 Gresik dengan subjek guru madrasah ibtidaiyah sebagai mitra. Metode PAR dilakukan melalui tahapan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, refleksi, dan tindak lanjut. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman, keterampilan, serta keaktifan guru dalam merancang media pembelajaran interaktif yang kontekstual. Media yang dikembangkan dinilai layak digunakan, sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran, serta mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan belajar peserta didik. Implementasi media di kelas menunjukkan hasil yang positif dan berkelanjutan. Dengan demikian, pelatihan pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis kearifan lokal terbukti penting sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran dan penguatan identitas budaya di madrasah ibtidaiyah
Benefits of Sargassum sp. Extract for Feed Supplementation on the Growth and pH Shock Resistance of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Arahmad, Yulianto Puguh; Rahmadika, Reza; Yudiati, Ervia; Ridlo, Ali; Azhar, Nuril
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 29, No 1 (2026): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v29i1.30061

Abstract

Sargassum sp. is an abundant marine biological resource in Indonesia rich in bioactive compounds, yet its utilization as a feed supplement in fish culture remains limited. Feed represents the highest cost component in aquaculture, necessitating economical natural additives to improve fish performance and their resistance to environmental stressors such as pH fluctuations. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of Sargassum sp. water extract, obtained using acidic (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 12) methods, on the survival rate, growth, and resistance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to extremely low pH shock. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with nine treatments (control, four alkaline extract doses, and four acidic doses) over a 30-day rearing period. Doses were determined based on BSLT toxicity tests, which indicated that both extracts were non-toxic (LC50 > 1000 ppm). The parameters observed included survival rate, absolute weight gain, and mortality during a pH 3 shock test. The results showed that supplementation had no significant effect on survival rate (P>0.05). However, all extract treatments (acidic and alkaline) significantly increased absolute weight gain (P<0.05) compared to the control, with the highest average weight found at the lowest alkaline Sargassum sp. extract 1.375 ppm. Fish supplemented with the extract showed significantly lower mortality in the low pH shock test (P<0.05), with the best resistance value observed at the lowest acidic treatment (1,875 ppm). These findings indicate that Sargassum sp. extract has the potential as an effective natural feed supplement to promote growth and enhance the physiological resistance of fish to environmental stress, even at low concentrations.
Pengaruh Penambahan Mikroalga (Spirulina platensis) Pada Edible Coating Kitosan Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Simpan Udang (Penaeus vannamei) Wahyu Laurentius Pria Utomo; Gunawan Widi Santoso; Ali Ridlo
Journal of Marine Research Vol 13, No 3 (2024): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v13i3.41758

Abstract

Udang Penaeus vannamei adalah komoditas unggulan di Indonesia, namun udang mengalami penurunan kualitas yang cukup signifikan selama penyimpanan. Menyebabkan daya simpannya cukup singkat yaitu kurang dari 10 hari pada penyimpanan di suhu 0-4oC. Metode penyimpanan dingin atau beku menjadi cara yang paling banyak digunakan. Penurunan kualitas tetap berlangsung selama proses penyimpanan dibawah suhu rendah, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan edible coating untuk membantu menjaga kualitas udang. Penelitian dilakukan guna mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Spirulina pada edible coating kitosan untuk menambah daya simpan udang Vaname. Dilakukan uji susut bobot udang, uji organoleptik, dan analisis mikrobiologi. Hasil rata-rata susut bobot paling kecil diperoleh oleh udang dengan pelapis kitosan + Spirulina 2% yaitu sebesar 1,260%. Hal ini menunjukkan Spirulina memiliki dampak dalam mengurangi susut bobot udang walaupun tidak signifikan hasilnya (p<5). Hasil organoleptik didapati nilai udang dengan pelapis kitosan mendapatkan hasil paling kecil yaitu sebesar 7,2, sedangkan udang lainnya mendapatkan nilai sebesar 7,4. Hasil TPC didapati adanya penurunan pada udang dengan edible coating Spirulina 1,5% yaitu dari 16.000 koloni/g menjadi 8.900 koloni/g. Hasil untuk pengujian terhadap E.coli dan S.aureus masih di ambang batas yaitu <3 APM/g. Kesimpulannya didapatkan bahwa Edible coating dengan bahan tambahan Spirulina terbukti mampu menambah daya simpan udang Vaname dan konsentrasi paling efektif adalah 1,5%. Pada konsentrasi ini edible coating mampu menekan susut bobot udang sebesar ±3,54%, menekan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, dan mampu mempertahankan kualitas udang secara organoleptis. Penaeus vannamei shrimp is a leading commodity in Indonesia, but shrimp experience a significant decline in quality during storage. This causes its shelf life to be quite short, namely less than 10 days when stored at 0-4oC. The cold or frozen storage method is the most widely used. Quality degradation continues to occur during the storage process at low temperatures, so edible coating is needed to help maintain shrimp quality. Research was conducted to determine the effect of adding Spirulina to chitosan edible coating on increasing the shelf life of Vaname shrimp. Shrimp weight loss tests, organoleptic tests, and microbiological analysis have been carried out. The smallest average weight loss results were obtained for shrimp with a 2% chitosan + Spirulina layer, namely 1.260%. This shows that Spirulina has an impact in reducing shrimp weight, although the results are not significant (p<5). Organoleptic results showed that shrimp coated with chitosan had the lowest value, namely 7.2, while other shrimp received a value of 7.4. The TPC results showed a decrease in shrimp given edible coating Spirulina 1.5%, namely from 16,000 colonies/g to 8,900 colonies/g. The test results for E. coli and S. aureus are still at the threshold, namely <3 APM/g. In conclusion, edible coating with the addition of Spirulina has been proven to be able to increase the shelf life of Vaname shrimp and the most effective concentration is 1.5%. At this concentration, edible coating can reduce shrimp weight loss by ±3.54%, suppress the growth of microorganisms, and can maintain organoleptic shrimp quality.
Karakteristik Biodegradable Film Refined Carrageenan dari Kappaphycus alvarezii dengan Pemlastis Gliserol Zalsabila Sulistiana; Ali Ridlo; Sri Sedjati
Journal of Marine Research Vol 13, No 3 (2024): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v13i3.39209

Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii merupakan spesies rumput laut merah yang mengandung senyawa hidrokoloid karaginan dan dapat diekstraksi menjadi semi refined carrageenan (SRC) dan refined carrageenan (RC). Refined carrageenan merupakan karaginan yang didapat melalui ekstraksi dan filtrasi. Sifatnya dapat membentuk lembaran film dan mudah larut dalam air. Biodegradable film dari RC berpotensi sebagai pengganti kemasan plastik. Konsentrasi RC yang tepat diperlukan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik biodegradable film RC dapat terurai secara alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi RC terhadap karakteristik biodegradable film RC dengan pemlastis gliserol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu experimental laboratories. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari ekstraksi RC, karakterisasi RC, pembuatan biodegradable film, dan karakterisasi biodegradable film. Biodegradable film dibuat dengan variasi RC (2%, 3%, 4%), gliserol 15 ml dan akuades hingga total volume 150 ml, lalu dipanaskan dan dihomogenkan dengan hot plate dan magnetic stirrer pada suhu 70-80℃ selama 45 menit, kemudian dicetak dan dikeringkan dalam oven dengan suhu 60℃ selama 12-18 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi RC berpengaruh (p<0,05) terhadap kuat tarik, elongasi, dan ketebalan, tetapi tidak berpengaruh (p≥0,05) terhadap laju transmisi uap air dan kelarutan air biodegradable film. Konsentrasi RC yang tepat untuk biodegradable film dengan pemlastis gliserol yaitu 3% karena nilai kelarutan airnya yang tinggi (85,9%) sehingga dapat terurai dengan mudah.                                                                                                                      Kappaphycus alvarezii is a red seaweed species containing carrageenan hydrocolloid compounds and can be extracted into semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) and refined carrageenan (RC). Refined carrageenan is carrageenan obtained through extraction and filtration. Its properties can form film sheets and dissolve easily in water. Biodegradable films from RC have the potential to replace plastic packaging. Appropriate concentration of RC is needed to obtain biodegradable characteristics of RC films that can decompose naturally. This study aims to determine the effect of RC concentration on the characteristics of biodegradable RC films with glycerol plasticizers. The research method used is experimental laboratories. The research stages consisted of RC extraction, RC characterization, biodegradable film production, and biodegradable film characterization. Biodegradable films were made with RC variations (2%, 3%, 4%), 15 ml glycerol, and distilled water to a total volume of 150 ml, then heated and homogenized with a hot plate and magnetic stirrer at 70-80℃ for 45 minutes, then printed. and dried in an oven at 60℃ for 12-18 hours. The results showed that RC concentration (p<0.05) affected tensile strength, elongation, and thickness. Still, they had no effect (p≥0.05) on the water vapor transmission rate and water solubility of biodegradable films. The appropriate RC concentration for biodegradable films with glycerol plasticizers is 3% because of its high water solubility value (85.9%), which means it can decompose easily.
Co-Authors A. Budi Susanto A.B. Susanto A.B. Susanto Adi Santosa Agus Sabdono Agus Trianto Agustin, Nurul Ahmad Saddam Habibi Ainul Fithriyah Akbar, Muhamad Rahadian Alfin Anggraeni Ali Djunaedi Ambariyanto , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto Amtoni Caesario Nainggolan Anggi Setiabudi Anisah Harahap Anita Dwi Kartika Annisa Afifah Nugroho Anthony D Arnanda Antonius Budi Susanto Arahmad, Yulianto Puguh Arif Maa’ruf Al Ayyub Arifah, Dewi Arifin, Muhammad Sholeh Arvianto Wibowo Azhar, Nuril Azizah, Pramita Bahry, Muhammad Syaifudien Bambang Yulianto Bara Yanwar Hadi Nugroho, Bara Yanwar Beladini, Septi Chrisna Adhi Suryono Christtenson Purba Christtenson Purba Clara Vania Cornelia Widya Seprandita Dafit Ariyanto Delianis Pringgenies Dewi Kartika Sari Dewi, Lutfianna Fatma Dinda Ayuniar Zanjabila Dion Ragil Saputra Dion Ragil Saputra Dodik S. Wicaksono Dwi Haryo Ismunarti Edi Wibowo Efendi, Muhammad Luthfi Eka Mulya Eko Sasmaya Eko Sasmaya Endang Supriyantini Endang Supriyantini Erma Nurmalitasari Ervia Yudiati Esayani Rosadi Faishal Islami Faishal Islami, Faishal Faiz Naida Salimah Ghofari, Miftahul Akhyar Gunawan Widi Santosa Gunawan Widi Santosa Gunawan Widi Santoso Hafida Salma Hakim, M Sabron Sukmanul Harahap, Akbar Ibnu Pratikto Ibnu Wardani Iin Putriyani Irwani Irwani Ita Widowati Ivend Umbu Jawa Ivend Umbu Jawa, Ivend Umbu Jelita Rahma Hidayati Jusup Suprijanto Jusup Suprijanto Jusup Suprijanto Juwita Lesly Senduk Khusnul Khotimah Kirana Fatika Brilianti Koesoemadji Koesoemadji Laksono, Ollivia Brylliant Langit, Novita Thea Puspita Lilik Maslukah Linggar Dirgantara Prasetyo Luluk Abdatur Rosyidah Hanum Lutfianna Fatma Dewi Mahadika Fanindhita Sany Manggola, Alen Mardani Mardani Masri, Mohammed Sharin Haji McCauley, Erin Miftahul Akhyar Ghofari Mohamad Mirza Mohamad Mirza Muhamad Rahadian Akbar Muhamad Rahadian Akbar Muhammad Abdul Zaky Muhammad S. Bahry Muhammad Zainuddin Nada Kristiani Ginting Nada Salsabila Nadiah Humairoh Mufidah Savitri Nadya Oktavia Nerva Sembiring Nirwani Soenardjo Novita Thea Puspita Langit Nur Arif Kurniawan Nur Indah Febriani Nur Indah Febriani Nurul Agustin Ocky Karna Radjasa Oetari Kusuma Putri Ollivia Brylliant Laksono Pramastuti, Fransisca Ria Pramita Azizah Pratiwi, Siswantar Putri, Dhiya Aflah Luswanto Rachman, Rhima Rismiyati Raden Ario Raditya Ahmad Rifandi Radityo Haris Rahmadika, Reza Ratna Ibrahim Refi Sekarwardhani Retno Hartati Revo Raprika Kurniawan Rhima Rismiyati Rachman Ribka Anindita Br Perangin-angin Rifa’i, Akhmad Rini Pramesti RINI PRAMESTI Rizky Rifatma Jezzi Rizqi Umi Arifah Roestiawan, Dwi Bagus Salma, Hafida Salsabila, Nada Santoso, Gunawan Widi Savitri, Nadiah Humairoh Mufidah Sedjati, Sri Sedjati Septi Beladini Setia Devi Kurniasih Setia Devi Kurniasih, Setia Devi Setiyorini, Alin Sri Sedjati Sri Sedjati Sri Yulina Wulandari Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Sulistiana, Zalsabila Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Suryono Suryono Syafaatul Laili Syamsu Dluha Tri Aji Pamungkas Utomo, Wahyu Laurentius Pria Victorina Yulina Santi Wahyu Laurentius Pria Utomo Wardani, Ibnu Widianingsih Widianingsih Wilis A Setyati Wilis A Setyati Wilis A Setyati Wilis Ari Setyati Wilis Ari Setyati Wismayanti, Gita Yohanes Oktaviaris Zaenal Arifin Zahari, Abdul Kadir Mulku Zaky, Muhammad Abdul Zalsabila Sulistiana