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Operational Inefficiencies, Bottlenecks, and Poor Layout in Post-Harvest Processes as Barriers to Agro-Industry Productivity and Profitability: A Systematic Literature Review and Case Study Kurniawan, Rudi; usmiyatun, usmiyatun; Sulistyowati, Enik; Ardianik, Ardianik
Assyfa Journal Scientific Essay Vol 3 No 1 (2025): Assyfa Journal of Farming and Agriculture (November)
Publisher : CV. Bimbingan Belajar Assyfa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61650/ajfa.v3i1.618

Abstract

Serious challenges in the agro-industry—such as operational inefficiencies, process bottlenecks, and suboptimal post-harvest facility layouts—directly reduce productivity, product quality, and profitability. While numerous studies have examined agricultural process improvements, a significant empirical gap exists between 2022 and 2026 regarding the comprehensive integration of industrial techniques—particularly Lean Manufacturing, Six Sigma, and Discrete-Event Simulation (DES)—in the context of sustainable food systems. This study aims to identify post-harvest operational problem patterns and the most effective optimization approaches through a PRISMA-based Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and a cross-case study synthesis. Secondary data were collected from publications in Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 2022–2026, with analysis including waste mapping, bottleneck evaluation, layout analysis, and process simulation. The SLR results (n=38 articles) indicate that key post-harvest bottlenecks include excessive cycle times, process queues, overhandling, non-linear layouts, and low digital integration. Case studies show that the combination of Lean–Six Sigma–DES can reduce lead time by 15–45%, reduce waste by 20–60%, increase OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) by up to 18%, and increase profitability by 12–30%. This research confirms the significant contribution of industrial engineering in realizing a sustainable agricultural system, increasing supply chain efficiency, and optimizing the added value of the agro-industry, becoming a reference for MSMEs, farmers, and policymakers
Development of RME-Based E-Modules with Ethnomathematics Integration to Improve Graphic to Symbolic Transformation Skills in Junior High School Mathematics Putri, Alfiani Athma Athma; Wajid, Abdul; Irawan, Ruli; Usmiyatun, Usmiyatun
AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan Vol 18, No 2 (2026): In Progress June 2026
Publisher : STAI Hubbulwathan Duri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35445/alishlah.v18i2.7546

Abstract

Students often experience difficulty translating graphic representations into symbolic mathematical forms, indicating the need for learning resources that connect abstract concepts with meaningful contexts. This study aimed to develop an e-module based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) integrated with the ethnomathematics of rumah betang to improve students’ ability to transform graphic representations into symbolic representations. This research employed a development design using the ADDIE model, comprising analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The feasibility of the e-module was evaluated by material and media experts. Its practicality was examined through a small-group trial, while its effectiveness was tested in a large-group implementation using pretest and posttest scores. Expert validation indicated that the e-module was categorized as “very feasible” in terms of material and media quality. The small-group trial showed that the e-module was “practical” for use in mathematics learning. In the large-group trial, students’ average score increased from 63.92 on the pretest to 84.72 on the posttest. The N-gain score was 0.59, indicating a medium improvement, with an effectiveness percentage of 58.81%, categorized as moderate. The findings suggest that the RME-based e-module integrated with rumah betang ethnomathematics is feasible, practical, and moderately effective in supporting students’ representation ability. The e-module can be used by teachers as an innovative culturally contextualized learning medium and by students for independent or collaborative learning. Further studies may examine its effects on other mathematical abilities, such as critical thinking and problem solving.