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Food Hygiene and Sanitation at Beluluq Lingau Thematic Market(Dayak Market), Samarinda City, 2025 Puspitasari, Karolina; Ningsih, Riyan; Sedionoto, Blego
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The hygiene and sanitation conditions of traditional markets are essential for ensuring community food safety. The Beluluq Lingau Thematic Market in Samarinda City promotes local Dayak culture and offers both general and traditional East Kalimantan foods Objective : This study aimed to describe food hygiene and sanitation conditions at Beluluq Lingau Market and to assess microbiological quality based on the coliform parameter Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research used an analytical descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were total sampling from 6 food stalls and 10 food handlers. Data were collected through observation and interviews using inspection form from the Indonesian Ministry of Health (Peraturan Pemerintah No. 66/2014). Microbiological analysis was conducted on seven food samples using secondary data from Puskesmas Sempaja from routine monitoring with sanitarian kit. The parameters tested included total coliform and Escherichia coli. Results : Result showed that 50% of food stalls did not meet hygiene and sanitation requirements. The unmet aspects included covered waste bins (100%), use of masks and aprons (100%), and vector control (100%). A total of five out of seven food samples (71.4%) tested positive for coliform, with bacterial counts exceeding 100, two negative samples were traditional snacks wrapped in plastic and leaves. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Food stalls at the Beluluq Lingau Market still require improvement in hygiene and sanitation to prevent microbiological contamination. Strengthening food safety training and ensuring the availability of sanitation facilities such as food covers during serving, personal protective equipment, and covered waste bins are essential
Evaluation of Ship Sanitation and Its Implications for the Microbiological Qualyty of Clean Water on Foreign Vessels Surianto, Heri; Sedionoto, Blego; Ningsih, Riyan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Ships serve as major sea transportation modes and have the potential to act as a medium for disease transmission. Proper ship sanitation is therefore essential to prevent the spread of diseases onboard, particularly those transmitted through clean water. Global data on ship sanitation in Indonesia remains limited, as does research investigating the relationship between sanitation and microbiological quality This study aims to evaluate sanitation levels on foreign vessels and analyze their implications for the microbiological quality of clean water within the working area of the Class I Port Health Office (Balai Kekarantinaan Kesehatan) in Samarinda. The findings are expected to support quarantine policy improvement and supervision. This quantitative analytical study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted from September to October 2025. The sample consisted of 20 foreign vessels docking at PT Kaltim Prima Coal Port, Sangatta, that met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and Fisher’s Exact Test. The findings showed that 20% (4 vessels) did not meet sanitation standards, and 10% (2 vessels) did not meet microbiological water quality requirements. A significant association was found between sanitation quality and the microbiological quality of onboard water supplies (P = 0.032). Ship sanitation conditions significantly affect the microbiological quality of clean water on foreign vessels. Routine monitoring and improved compliance with international sanitation standards are necessary to reduce the risk of cross-border disease transmission.
A Descriptive Study of Patient Safety Culture at Inche Abdoel Moeis Regional Hospital, Samarinda, Indonesia Pratiwi, Fierda Eka; Adrianto, Ratno; Ningsih, Riyan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Patient safety culture is a key pillar in improving the quality of health services. In 2025, the Indonesian Ministry of Health adapted the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) version 2.0 as a national instrument to measure hospital staff perceptions of patient safety culture. Objective : This study aimed to describe the patient safety culture based on the 2025 Ministry of Health’s Patient Safety Culture Survey Instrument at Inche Abdoel Moeis Regional Hospital, Samarinda. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted using secondary data from the 2025 patient safety culture survey. The population included all healthcare workers and non-medical staff (n=259). Data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the average score of each dimension of patient safety culture. Results : The overall mean score was 3.66 (73.2%), categorized as good. The highest dimensions were general perception of safety (4.30), teamwork and collaboration (4.14), and organizational learning (4.08). The lowest were incident reporting (2.03), communication openness (2.40), and non- punitive response to errors (2.62). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The patient safety culture at Inche Abdoel Moeis Regional Hospital was in the good category, although improvements are needed in incident reporting and non-punitive response aspects. Strengthening leadership commitment and implementing a safe, anonymous reporting system are essential to enhance the overall patient safety culture.
Narative Review : Factors Related to the Occurrence of Diarrhea Among Under-Five Children Herliani, Resda; Ningsih, Riyan; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Diarrhea in children under five years of age remains a significant global health crisis, particularly in developing countries, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Although risk factors have been identified, geographic variations and the concentration of preventive interventions require a synthesis of updated evidence. Objective : This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive update on the key determinants influencing diarrhea incidence in children aged 0-59 months. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The review was conducted on research articles published 2019-2024. The articles were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate databases, using keywords such as "toddlers," "diarrhea," and "determinants." The selection focused on studies reporting diarrhea prevalence, as well as risk or protective factors related to WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene), immunization, and sociodemographics. Inclusion criteria for articles were original research, written in Indonesian and English, and full papers. A total of 34 articles were analyzed narratively. Results : The prevalence of diarrhea in children under five in community-based studies varies (9.6% to 26.4%), with the highest incidence concentrated in the 6–23 month age group. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The prevalence of diarrhea in children under five (9.6% to 26.4%). Children from families with low maternal education and limited socioeconomic resources are at greater risk. Strengthening access to safe water, sanitation, hygiene practices, and vaccination coverage is therefore essential for reducing diarrhea burden among under-five children.
The Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Smoking AmongAdolescents in Samarinda Insany, Vicca Yulia; Ningsih, Riyan; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Adolescents are a vulnerable population for both anxiety disorders and health risk behaviors such as smoking, including the use of electronic cigarettes. Anxiety symptoms in adolescents are thought to contribute to earlier smoking initiation. Objective : This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and smoking behavior among adolescents in Samarinda Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted in the working area of Baqa Primary Healthcare Center, Samarinda, in 2025. A total of 212 senior high school students were selected using a total sampling technique. Smoking behavior data were collected using a smoking behavior screening questionnaire. Anxiety symptoms were measured using the Mini MINDHEAR Youth Scale V.1 (anxiety subscore). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test Results : Most respondents were aged 15 to 17 years. Among the smokers, 40 participants were male (81%) and 9 were female (19%); 29 respondents (59%) reported smoking conventional tobacco cigarettes, while 20 respondents (40%) used electronic cigarettes. The proportion of smoking (tobacco/e-cigarettes) among respondents with anxiety symptoms was 33.9%, compared to 19.2% among those without anxiety symptoms. There was a statistically significant association between anxiety symptoms and smoking behavior (p = 0.025; PR = 2.157; 95 percent CI = 1.091–4.264). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : There is a significant relationship between anxiety symptoms and smoking behavior among students. These findings highlight the importance of mental health screening and intervention within School Health Programs (UKS), Adolescent Integrated Community Health (Posyandu Remaja), and Smoking Cessation Program (UBM
Analysis of Escherichia coli Contamination in Frozen Beef and Food Safety Implications in Balikpapan City Tanty, Yulis; Ningsih, Riyan; Sedionoto, Blego
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Escherichia coli presence in animal-derived foods serves as a crucial indicator of hygiene and sanitation standards throughout handling, storage, and distribution. Frozen beef distributed to consumers risks contamination when food safety controls, particularly cold chain maintenance, are inconsistently implemented. This study assessed E. coli contamination levels in frozen beef marketed in Balikpapan City and evaluated compliance with the Maximum Contaminant Limit (MCL) under SNI 7388:2009. Objective : This study aimed to assess the contamination level of E. coli in frozen beef marketed in Balikpapan City and to evaluate its compliance with the Maximum Contamination Limit (MCL) established by SNI 7388:2009. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A quantitative descriptive design with a laboratory testing approach was used. A total of 65 frozen beef samples were collected from modern retail outlets, slaughterhouses (RPH), and cold storage facilities. Laboratory examination was conducted through isolation, identification, and colony counting stages using standard microbiological method. The results were analyzed descriptively and compared with the MCL standards specified in SNI 7388:2009. Results : Analysis revealed that 55 samples (84.62%) contained E. coli levels below 1 × 102 CFU/g, complying with MCL requirements. However, 10 samples (15.38%) exceeded this limit, indicating non-compliance with food safety standards. These findings suggest potential contamination during post-slaughter handling, storage, or distribution phases, likely due to inadequate cold chain maintenance. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : In conclusion, the majority of frozen beef circulating in Balikpapan is considered safe for consumption; however, strengthening sanitation practices and ensuring strict cold chain management are recommended to minimize potential public health risks.
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Clinical Bacterial Isolates at the East Kalimantan Provincial Health Laboratory, 2024 Rahmadi, Rahmadi; Ningsih, Riyan; Sedionoto, Blego
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background: The increasing incidence of infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has become a serious public health problem in Indonesia; however, data on resistance patterns in Kalimantan Timur, particularly Samarinda, remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to describe the antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical bacterial isolates examined at the East Kalimantan Provincial Health Laboratory in 2024. Methods: This study employed a descriptive observational design using secondary data from culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing results of 201 clinical bacterial isolates collected from January to December 2024. Data were analyzed descriptively through tabulation and percentage distribution. Results: Among all positive isolates (n = 201), 54.4% were Gram-negative and 45.6% were Gram positive bacteria. The most frequently identified bacteria were Escherichia coli (24.4%), followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus (7.0%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.0%). Susceptibility testing revealed that E. coli showed high sensitivity to meropenem (98%) and amikacin (100%), whereas Staphylococcus aureus exhibited 30.8% resistance to oxacillin, indicating the presence of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The predominant resistance mechanisms detected included β-lactamase production (21.7%), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL, 40.6%), and MRSA (37.7%). Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance based on bacterial isolates examined at the East Kalimantan Provincial Health Laboratory demonstrated a wide variation in antibiotic susceptibility patterns. These findings provide an initial overview of resistance conditions in Samarinda and can serve as a foundation for the implementation of continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance.
The Effectiveness of UKS Teacher Training in Samarinda City inImproving Knowledge and Competence in the Implementation ofHealthy Schools Ningsih, Riyan; Rahmawati, Ayudhia; Elfira, Vivi Elfira; Chaerunnisa, Morin
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The Healthy School Program is a strategic effort to form a learning environment that supports the physical, mental, and social health of students. However, its implementation in Samarinda City still faces obstacles to limited sanitation facilities, lack of health education, and weak capacity of UKS coaching teachers. Objective : This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of UKS teacher training on improving knowledge and skills in the implementation of healthy school programs. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The study used a pretest-posttest one group design with a total sample of 72 UKS teachers from public and private elementary schools. Data were collected through questionnaires before and after training, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon test (α = 0.05). Results : The results showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge (p = 0.000). The increase of 27.55% shows that training is effective in strengthening the competence of UKS teachers. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : This participatory-based training also encourages cross-sector collaboration between universities and local governments in strengthening the Healthy School Movement program.
Edukasi Jamu Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus di Kutai Barat Rahayu, Eka Putri; Ningsih, Riyan; Mubarak, Muhammad Ikhsan Al
Yumary: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/yumary.v6i2.4470

Abstract

Purpose: This community service initiative aimed to promote the use of traditional herbal medicine for treating hypertension and diabetes mellitus among residents of Empas Village, Melak District, West Kutai Regency. The program sought to enhance public awareness of the benefits of herbal medicine as a safer alternative to generic pharmaceuticals. As part of Indonesia’s cultural heritage, herbal medicines offer natural ingredients with minimal side effects that can provide significant health benefits. Methodology/approach: The activity comprised educational sessions focused on herbal medicine recipes for managing hypertension and diabetes. These sessions were conducted at the local posyandu (integrated health post) with 30 community participants present. Results: The survey data revealed a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes within the village. Through the distribution of informational pamphlets and systematic educational presentations, participants gained an improved understanding of the therapeutic potential of local medicinal plants. Conclusion: Education on the use of traditional herbal medicine has succeeded in increasing public knowledge and awareness regarding the potential of herbal medicine as a viable alternative treatment for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Limitations: The participants were limited to only Empas villagers with a total of 30 persons. Contribution: This community service positively impacted villagers by promoting the use of medicinal plants, potentially improving their overall quality of life.