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Uji Daya Hambat Perasan Daging Buah Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Muchyar, Dwi S.R.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H.C.; Supit, Aurelia S.R.
e-GiGi Vol 6, No 1 (2018): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.6.1.2018.19653

Abstract

Abstract: To date, Staphylococcus aureus resistance to some antibiotics is still increasing inter alia the methisillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Therefore, it is necessary to find other alternative materials that could overcome this bacteria. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a medicinal plant that contains antibacterial compounds such as saponins, glutathiones, flavonoids, and tannins in its fruit flesh. This study was aimed to obtain the inhibitory effect of avocado flesh on the growth of S. aureus. This was a true experimental study with a post test only control group design. We used Kirby-Bauer modification with paper disks. The positive control was ciprofloxacin and the negative control was aquadest. The avocado flesh was refined by using a juicer and then was filtered. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were obtained from pure bacteria stock at Microbiology Laboratory of Pharmacy Study Program at Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University. The result showed that the avocado juice had an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus. The mean diameter of inhibitory zones formed was 15.55 mm which was classified as a strong inhibitory effect. Conclusion: The avocado flesh had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.Keywords: avocado flesh (Persea americana Mill.), S. aureus, inhibitory effect Abstrak: Resistensi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus terhadap beberapa jenis antibiotik sudah cukup tinggi. Sebagai contoh ialah methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Oleh karena itu perlu dicari bahan alternatif lain yang dapat mengatasi berkembang biaknya bakteri ini. Buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang dikenal berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri karena terdapat kandungan senyawa antibakteri pada daging buah seperti saponin, glutatin, flavonoid, dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat perasan daging buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Metode yang digunakan yaitu modifikasi Kirby-Bauer dengan kertas saring. Kontrol positif menggunakan antibakteri ciprofloxacin dan kontrol negatif menggunakan akuades. Daging buah alpukat dihaluskan dengan menggunakan juicer dan disaring. Bakteri S. aureus diambil dari stok bakteri murni Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perasan daging buah alpukat memilki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus. Diameter rerata zona hambat yang terbentuk yaitu 15,55 mm dan digolongkan sebagai zona hambat yang kuat. Simpulan: Perasan daging buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) memiliki daya hambat kuat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus.Kata kunci: daging buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.), S. aureus, daya hambat
Tingkat Pengetahuan Bahaya Merokok bagi Kesehatan Gigi Mulut pada Siswa SMK Negeri 8 Manado Rompis, Karen; Wowor, Vonny N. S.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H. C.
e-CliniC Vol 7, No 2 (2019): e-CliniC
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ecl.7.2.2019.24023

Abstract

Abstract: Smoking habit can be found in various age groups, ranging from children to adults. To date, many children and adolescents have become active smokers. Smoking is one of the triggers of oral cavity disorders and it influences aesthetics inter alia discolored teeth, mucosal thickening, gingivitis, and even oral cancer. This study was aimed to determine the level of knowledge about the impact of smoking on oral and dental health among students of SMK Negeri 8 Manado (senior high school). This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, involving 40 respondents obtained by using total sampling method. Data were obtained by using questionnaire covering the characteristics of respondents and their levels of knowledge about the impact of smoking on oral and dental health. The results showed that the level of student knowledge about the impact of smoking on oral and dental health was 543. In conclusion, the level of knowledge of students at SMK Negeri 8 Manado about the impact of smoking on oral health was classified as good.Keywords: knowledge of students, impact of smoking, oral and dental health Abstrak: Kebiasaan merokok dapat ditemukan pada berbagai golongan usia, mulai dari anak-anak hingga dewasa bahkan saat ini banyak anak-anak serta remaja sudah menjadi perokok aktif. Kebiasaan merokok merupakan salah satu pencetus timbulnya gangguan penyakit rongga mulut serta memengaruhi estetika, antara lain dapat mengakibatkan perubahan warna gigi, penebalan mukosa, gingivitis, bahkan kanker mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut pada siswa SMK Negeri 8 Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Terdapat 40 responden penelitian, diambil menggunakan total sampling. Pengum-pulan data diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang meliputi karakteristik responden dan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut memperoleh skor 543. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tingkat pengetahuan siswa SMK Negeri 8 Manado tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan gigi mulut tergolong baik.Kata kunci: pengetahuan siswa, bahaya merokok, kesehatan gigi mulut
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK TINTA CUMI-CUMI (LOLIGO SP) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS Rahayu, Mayangsari P.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H. C.; Mintjelungan, Christy N.
eBiomedik Vol 7, No 2 (2019): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.7.2.2019.23876

Abstract

Abstract: Mouthwash could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in the oral cavity. Albeit, the most widely used today is mouthwash containing clorhexidine that has side effects in prolonged use. Therefore, it is necessary to find new agents as an alternative antibacterial, especially against Staphylococcus aureus. Squid ink is one of the best known seafood used as alternative medicine which has a wide range of therapeutic applications. This study was aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of squid ink extract (Loligo sp) on the growth of S. aureus. This was a true experimental study with a post test only control group design. We used modified Kirby-Bauer method using filter papers. Ciprofloxacin antibacterial was used as the positive control and aquadest as the negative control. Extract of squid ink (Loligo sp) and stock of pure bacteria S. aureus bacteria were prepared. The results showed that mean of zone of inhibition of the squid ink extract (Loligo sp) was 11.22 mm which was less than the zone of inhibition of ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, the squid ink extract (Loligo sp) had a moderate inhibitory effect (Himedia category) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.Keywords: extract of squid ink (Loligo sp), Staphylococcus aureus, inhibitory effectAbstrak: Salah satu cara penanganan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dalam rongga mulut ialah dengan menggunakan obat kumur. Yang banyak digunaakan saat ini yaitu obat kumur yang mengandung clorhexidine dengan efek samping bila digunakan secara berkepanjangan. Oleh karena itudiperlukan penelitian terhadap agen baru sebagai alternatif antibakteri khususnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Tinta cumi-cumi merupakan salah satu hasil laut yang dikenal dalam dunia pengobatan alternatif serta memiliki jangkauan yang luas pada aplikasi terapeutik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp) terhadap pertumuhan bakteri S. aureus. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode modifikasi Kirby-Bauer dengan menggunakan kertas saring. Kontrol positif menggunakan antibakteri siprofloksasin dan kontrol negatif menggunakan akuades. Pada penelitian ini digunakan ekstrak tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp) dan stok bakteri murni S. aureus. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa diameter rerata zona hambat dari ekstrak tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus sebesar 11,22 mm namun diameter tersebut lebih kecil daripada diameter zona hambat siprofloksasin. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp) memiliki daya hambat kategori sedang (Himedia) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus.Kata kunci: tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp), bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, daya hambat
Pengaruh pemberian vitamin E terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik Warong, Kristo; Pangemanan, Damajanty H.C.; Engka, Joice N.A.
eBiomedik Vol 4, No 2 (2016): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14343

Abstract

Absract: Physical exercise can improve and maintain physical fitness. However, physical exercise can lead to oxidative stress that can reduce the activity of antioxidants. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that could free radicals in the body. Neutrophils play an active role in the process of phagocytosis of bacteria and other microorganisms the damaged tissue caused by tissue injury. This study was aimed to obtain the effect of vitamin E on neutrophil count after physical exercise. This was a field experimental study with a pre post test control group design. Data were analyzed with the Mann Whitney U (α = 0.05). The physical exercise was playing futsal for 60 minutes. Respondents were 30 male respondents divided into 2 groups: treatment and control groups. The levels of neutrophils were examined after physical exercise and after the administration of vitamin E 400 IU for seven days. Data analysis of the effect of vitamin E on neutrophil level after physical exercise showed a p value of 0.031. Conclusion: Vitamin E influenced the levels of neutrophils after physical exercise.Keywords: physical exercise, oxidative stress, vitamin E, neutrophil Abstrak: Latihan fisik merupakan aktivitas yang dilakukan seseorang untuk meningkatkan atau memelihara kebugaran tubuh. Latihan fisik dapat menimbulkan stres oksidatif sehingga dapat menurunkan aktivitas antioksidan. Vitamin E merupakan antioksidan yang larut dalam lemak dan berfungsi untuk mengurangi radikal bebas yang terdapat dalam tubuh. Neutrofil berperan aktif dalam proses fagositosis bakteri, mikroorganisme, dan membersihkan sisa jaringan rusak yang disebabkan oleh cedera jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh vitamin E terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental lapangan dengan pre post test control group design. Untuk menguji signifikansi penelitian digunakan uji Mann Whitney U (α = 0,05). Latihan fisik berupa olahraga futsal selama 60 menit dilakukan oleh 30 responden laki-laki yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu perlakuan dan kontrol. Kadar neutrofil diukur setelah latihan fisik dan setelah pemberian vitamin E 400 IU selama 7 hari. Hasil statistik menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh bermakna dari vitamin E pada kelompok perlakuan (p=0,031). Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh vitamin E terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik. Kata kunci: latihan fisik, stres oksidatif, vitamin E, neutrofil
GAMBARAN KADAR LOW DENCITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) PADA SISWA-SISWI OVERWEIGHT DAN OBESITAS DI KOTA MANADO Elim, Christoffel; Pangemanan, Damajanty H.C.; Warouw, Sarah; Supit, Siantan; Lindo, Vellisia
JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM Vol 4, No 3 (2012): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM Suplemen
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.4.3.2012.1206

Abstract

Abstract: Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are lipoproteins that carry cholesterol to maintain the functions of cells. One factor that can raise the levels of LDL is obesity. In general, obese people have higher triglycerides stored under the skin (subcutaneous). Triglycerides are the main ingredient for the formation of VLDL in the liver. This study aimed to get an overview of the levels of LDL in overweight and obese students at the Pax Christie and Don Bosco junior high schools in Manado. This was a cross sectional analytic study. Samples involved 30 students meeting the inclusion criteria: age 10-15 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) ?23.0, and willing to be respondents with signed parental informed consents. Results: Samples of obese students were 26 (86.7%) and of overweight students four (13.3%). There were six students (20%) who had LDL higher than normal levels (?130 mg/dL). Conclusion: InManado, there were more obese students than overweight students. Some of the students showed LDL higher than normal levels. Keywords: students, overweight, obesity, LDL.     Abstrak: Lipoprotein densitas rendah merupakan lipoprotein yang mengangkut kolesterol ke sel-sel tubuh yang memerlukannya, dimana bila kadarnya berlebih tentu akan berpengaruh buruk terhadap kesehatan. Salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kadar LDL adalah obesitas. Orang gemuk umumnya memiliki kadar trigliserida yang tinggi dan disimpan dibawah kulit. Trigliserida ialah komponen utama yang membentuk lipoprotein densitas sangat rendah (VLDL) di organ hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar LDL pada pelajar tingkat dasar Pax Christie dan Don Bosco Manado yang berat badannya berlebih (overweight) dan yang obesitas. Metode penelitian berupa analisis cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 30 pelajar dengan kriteria inklusi: umur 10-15 tahun, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) ?23,0, dan bersedia mengikuti penilitan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan jumlah sampel yang obes sebanyak 26 pelajar (86,7%) dan yang overwight empat pelajar (13,3%). Terdapat enam pelajar (20%) dengan LDL melebihi nilai normal (?130 mg/dL). Simpulan: Di Kota Manado, jumlah pelajar yang obes melebihi yang overweight. Beberapa di antaranya memperlihatkan kadar LDL melebihi nilai normal. Kata kunci: pelajar, berat badan berlebih, obesitas, LDL.
Perbandingan Massa Otot Lengan Dominan dan Tidak Dominan dengan Latihan Beban Castendo, Cynthia C.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H.C.; Engka, Joice N.A.
e-Biomedik Vol 8, No 1 (2020): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.v8i1.28690

Abstract

Abstract: Dominant arms are the most frequently used in activity. Weight training can influence the increase in muscle strength that automatically increases muscle mass on both dominant and non dominant arms. The study aims to determine the comparison between dominant and non dominant arms muscle mass with weight training. This research uses a field experiment study with one group pre and post-test design for 8 weeks on 37 male college students with right dominant arm and 5 male college students with left dominant arm. Subjects were weight trained using dumbbells. Muscle mass were measured on bicep-triceps muscles using a tape measure (cm) to measure upper arm circumference on each subjects prior and after training. Statistical test was done using the test of normality (Shapiro Wilk), paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results of the paired sample t-test obtained  p value = 0.00 (right and left upper arm circumference) on right dominant arm subjects and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test obtained p value = 0,042 (left upper arm circumference) and p value = 0,043 (right upper arm circumference) on left dominant arm subjects. Based on both test results there was a difference in muscle mass prior and after training although there were no significant differences in muscle mass between dominant and non dominant arms. In conclusion, there were no differences in muscle mass between dominant and non dominant arms with weight training.Keywords: weight training, dominant and non dominant arms, muscle mass  Abstrak: Lengan dominan merupakan lengan yang paling sering digunakan dalam beraktivitas. Latihan beban dapat memberikan pengaruh pada pertambahan kekuatan otot yang secara otomatis meningkatkan massa otot pada kedua lengan dominan maupun tidak dominan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perbandingan massa otot lengan dominan dan tidak dominan dengan latihan beban. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian eksperimental lapangan dengan rancangan one group pre and post-test design selama 8 minggu pada 37 mahasiswa laki-laki dominan kanan dan 5 mahasiswa laki-laki dominan kiri. Subjek diberi latihan beban dengan menggunakan dumbbell. Massa otot diukur pada otot bisep-trisep menggunakan alat ukur meteran (cm) untuk mengukur lingkar lengan atas (lila) tiap subjek sebelum dan sesudah latihan. Uji statistik menggunakan uji normalitas (shapiro wilk), uji t berpasangan dan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil uji t berpasangan didapatkan nilai p=0,00 (lila kanan dan kiri) pada subjek penelitian dominan kanan dan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test didapatkan nilai p=0,042 (lila kiri) serta p=0,043 (lila kanan) pada subjek penelitian dominan kiri. Berdasarkan kedua uji didapatkan perbedaan massa otot sebelum dan sesudah latihan tetapi tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara massa otot  lengan dominan dan tidak dominan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak ada perbedaan massa otot lengan dominan dan tidak dominan dengan latihan beban.Kata Kunci: latihan beban, lengan dominan dan tidak dominan, massa otot
Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa SD Katolik St Fransiskus Xaverius Kakaskasen Kota Tomohon Rawung, Meilita M.; Wungouw, Herlina I. S.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H. C.
e-Biomedik Vol 8, No 1 (2020): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.v8i1.27100

Abstract

Abstract: School-age children are in an active period of growth and development. Good nutritional status will lead to optimal health degree and improve the thinking ability and learning performance of school-age children. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and students’ learning achievement in elementary school. This was a descriptive and analytical study with a cross sectional design. There were 109 elementary school students who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nutritional status was measured with anthropometric index based on body mass index according to child’s age (BMI-for-age). Learning achievement was based on the value of midterm exams. Based on BMI-for-age index, it was found that most children had normal nutritional status (68.8%), 6 children had underweight nutritional status (5.5%), 14 children had overweight nutritional status (12.8%), and 14 children with obese nutritional status (12.8%). The Fisher's Exact test analyzing the relationship between nutritional status and learning achievement showed a p-value of 0.951 (p>0.05). In conclusion, there was no relationship between nutritional status and learning achievement among students of St. Fransiskus Xaverius Kakaskasen Catholic Elementary School in Tomohon.Keywords: nutritional status, learning achievement, elementary school students Abstrak: Anak usia sekolah merupakan kelompok anak yang berada pada masa aktif dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Status gizi yang baik akan berdampak derajat kesehatan yang optimal dan membantu anak sekolah dalam meningkatkan kemampuan daya pikir dan performa belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang dilakukan pada 109 siswa sekolah dasar yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Status gizi dinilai menggunakan indeks antropometri berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh menurut umur anak (IMT/U). Prestasi belajar diukur berdasarkan nilai ujian tengah semester. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa berdasarkan indeks IMT/U, sebagian besar anak memiliki status gizi normal (68,8%), 6 anak memiliki status gizi kurang, 14 anak dengan status gizi lebih (12,8%), dan 14 anak dengan status gizi obes (12,8%). Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact terhadap hubungan antara status giz dan prestaasi belajar menunjukkan nilai p=0,951 (p>0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar siswa SD Katolik St. Fransiskus Xaverius Kakaskasen Kota Tomohon.Kata kunci: status gizi, prestasi belajar, siswa sekolah dasar
Kualitas Hidup Lansia Pengguna dan Bukan Pengguna Gigi Tiruan Korah, Sanny C.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H.C.; Wowor, Vonny N. S.
e-GiGi Vol 8, No 2 (2020): E-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.8.2.2020.29906

Abstract

Abstract: Loss of natural teeth, whether it is replaced with artificial teeth or not, can affect the quality of life (QoL), especially in relation to oral health. This study was aimed to determine the differences in the QoL of elderly between denture wearers and non denture wearers. This was a literature review study. There were five literatures in this study; three literatures used the GOHAI questionnaire as a research instrument meanwhile the others used the OHIP-14 questionnaire. The results showed that the measuring instrument most widely used was GOHAI. Based on age, the QoL of denture wearers and non denture wearers became worse as they became older. Based on sex, the QoL of the non denture wearers was better in males than in females, albeit, there was no difference between sex among the denture wearers. In conclusion, the QoL of denture wearers was better than of non denture wearers. Moreover, the QoL of denture wearers was relatively good, meanwhile the QoL of non denture wearers was poor.Keywords: quality of life, elders, denture, tooth loss Abstrak: Kehilangan gigi asli yang digantikan dengan gigi tiruan maupun tidak, dapat meme-ngaruhi kualitas hidup, khususnya kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas hidup lansia pengguna dan bukan pengguna gigi tiruan. Jenis penelitian ialah studi pustaka. Total pustaka yang diteliti berjumlah lima buah. Terdapat tiga pustaka yang menggunakan kuesioner GOHAI sebagai instrumen penelitian, sedangkan dua lainnya menggunakan kuesioner OHIP-14. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat ukur yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu GOHAI. Berdasarkan usia, semakin bertambahnya usia, kualitas hidup lansia pengguna dan bukan pengguna gigi tiruan semakin buruk. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, kualitas hidup lansia bukan pengguna gigi tiruan lebih baik pada laki-laki daripada perempuan, sedangkan pada lansia pengguna gigi tiruan, hasilnya seimbang. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kualitas hidup lansia pengguna gigi tiruan lebih baik daripada bukan pengguna gigi tiruan. Kualitas hidup lansia pengguna gigi tiruan tergolong baik sedangkan kualitas hidup lansia bukan pengguna gigi tiruan tergolong buruk.Kata kunci: kualitas hidup, lansia, gigi tiruan, kehilangan gigi
Gambaran Kebiasaan Menyikat Gigi dan Status Kesehatan Gingiva pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Rasni, Novia D. P.; Khoman, Johanna A.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H. C.
e-GiGi Vol 8, No 2 (2020): E-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.8.2.2020.29905

Abstract

Abstract: Besides caries, tooth and mouth disease commonly found in children is gingival inflammation (gingivitis). The high prevalence of gingivitis in Indonesia is due to the fact that most people have not adopted good and effective habits in tooth brushing. Indicators determining the effectiveness of tooth brushing consist of tooth brushing time, frequency, duration, and method. This study was aimed to determine the overview of tooth brushing habit and gingival health status among elementary school students. This was a literature review study using the Google Scholar database. The keywords used were brushing habits, gingival health status, and elementary school children. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a critical appraisal was carried out that obtained 4 literatures consisting of 2 cross-sectional studies and 2 descriptive surveys. The results showed that most children had good habit of tooth brushing, however there were some children who had poor habit tooth brushing due to lack of understanding about the time, method, duration, and frequency of tooth brushing. The most common gingival disease was categorized as mild inflammation, followed by moderate inflammation; no severe inflammation criteria was reported. In conclusion, most elementary school students had good habit of tooth brushing and the most common gingival disease was in mild inflammation.Keywords: habit of brushing teeth, gingival health status, and elementary school children. Abstrak: Penyakit gigi dan mulut yang banyak ditemukan pada anak selain karies ialah peradangan gingiva (gingivitis). Tingginya prevalensi gingivitis di Indonesia disebabkan karena masyarakat belum menerapkan kebiasaan yang baik dan efektif dalam menyikat gigi. Indikator penentu efektivitas menyikat gigi terdiri dari waktu menyikat gigi, frekuensi, durasi, dan metode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kebiasaan menyikat gigi dan status kesehatan gingiva pada anak Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ialah studi pustaka. Pencarian data mengguna-kan database Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu kebiasaan menyikat gigi, status kesehatan gingiva, dan anak sekolah dasar. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dilakukan critical appraisal dan didapatkan 4 pustaka terdiri dari 2 studi potong lintang dan 2 survei deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebagian besar anak melakukan kebiasaan menyikat gigi dengan baik namun masih terdapat anak dengan kebiasaan menyikat gigi yang buruk akibat kurangnya pengertian mengenai waktu menyikat gigi, frekuensi, durasi, dan metode. Penyakit gingiva yang paling banyak didapatkan yaitu pada kriteria inflamasi ringan, diikuti kriteria inflamasi sedang; kriteria inflamasi berat tidak dilaporkan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar anak Sekolah Dasar telah melakukan kebiasaan menyikat gigi yang baik dan penyakit gingiva yang tersering ditemukan pada kriteria inflamasi ringan.Kata kunci: kebiasaan menyikat gigi, status kesehatan gingiva, dan anak sekolah dasar
Gambaran Karies Gigi Sulung pada Anak Stunting di Indonesia Aviva, Novia N.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H. C.; Anindita, Pritartha S.
e-GiGi Vol 8, No 2 (2020): E-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.8.2.2020.29907

Abstract

Abstract: Dental caries, as well as stunting in children, is still a worldwide problem including in Indonesia. Malnutrition can cause stunting and abnormal growth and development of teeth causing the child's teeth become more susceptible to caries. This study was aimed to obtain the description of primary dental caries among stunting children in Indonesia. This was a literature review study. Three databases used in this study, as follows: Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords were stunting AND caries AND Indonesia. After being selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a critical appraisal was carried out that obtained 5 literatures consisting of 4 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort study. The results showed that stunting children had higher percentage of primary dental caries than normal children, with moderate to high caries severity reaching 80%. Children who suffered from high dental caries severity had a high chance of suffering from stunting in the future. In conclusion, stunting children in Indonesia suffered from caries of primary teeth categorized as high severity caries. There was a relationship between caries of primary teeth and stunting in children.Keywords: Primary dental caries, stunting, child. Abstrak: Seperti halnya karies gigi, stunting pada anak masih menjadi masalah dunia termasuk Indonesia. Kekurangan gizi pada masa-masa kritis dapat menyebabkan stunting pada anak serta tumbuh kembang gigi yang tidak normal sehingga gigi anak lebih rentan mengalami karies. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karies gigi sulung pada anak stunting di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ialah studi pustaka. Pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu stunting AND caries AND Indonesia. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, dilakukan critical appraisal dan didapatkan 5 literatur terdiri dari 4 cross-sectional study dan 1 cohort study. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anak stunting memiliki pengalaman karies gigi sulung lebih tinggi daripada anak normal dengan tingkat keparahan karies sedang sampai tinggi mencapai 80%. Anak yang menderita pengalaman karies gigi sulung parah, memiliki peluang tinggi menderita stunting di kemudian hari. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah anak stunting di Indonesia memiliki pengalaman karies pada gigi sulung dan terbanyak pada tingkat keparahan karies yang tinggi. Terdapat hubungan antara karies pada gigi sulung dan stunting pada anak.Kata kunci: karies gigi sulung, stunting, anak.
Co-Authors Aji M. Sanhia Amelia Ramadhani, Amelia Ampow, Falen V. Anastasia P. G. Goni Angelia Langkir Angelita A. Durado Angmalisang , Elvin C. Anna M. Maruanaya, Anna M. Apituley, Tracy L. D Arif P. Yanto Aruperes, Geraldo Y. Astrid M. Lesar, Astrid M. Aurelia Supit Aviva, Novia N. Bangun, Liasma K. Beatrix I. Pontoh Berhimpon, Siemona Lydia_Eunike Castendo, Cynthia C. Catra H. E. Lengkey, Catra H. E. Christal G. Oroh, Christal G. Christian Rompis, Christian Christoffel Elim Christy Mintjelungan Christy N. Mintjelungan Cicilia A. Fernatubun Danes, Vennetia Ryckerens Debby J. Suhanda Dewi P. Sari, Dewi P. Dinar A. Wicaksono Dondokambey, Serena D. V. Dwi Cahya Fitriyana Fara M. Lossu, Fara M. Felicia P. C. C. Pantow, Felicia P. C. C. Fernanda, Vena Franly Onibala Fransiska Lintong Frenly Muntu Untu Gabrielly F. J. Rorong, Gabrielly F. J. Galant Rompas Gary S. J. Nayoan, Gary S. J. Geri W. Setiawan, Geri W. Gita J. Tulangow, Gita J. Hedison Polii Hendro Bidjuni Herlina I. S. Wungouw Hutagalung, Bernart S.P. Iksan, Nurwahid P. Indriani Tubagus Ivander A. Supit, Ivander A. Ivonny M. Sapulete Jeffry Sony Junus Lengkong Jeremy Frans, Joel Johanna A. Khoman Joice M. Laoh Joice N. A. Engka Joice N.A. Engka Juliatri . Kainde, Abedneju R. Karamoy, Deborah Karjoyo, Julianti Dewi Katarina D. Manibuy, Katarina D. Keloay, Princess Kewo, Lidia A. Khoman, Johanna Koagouw, Marco S. Korah, Sanny C. Korompot, Febri Krista V. Siagian Krista Veronica Siagian Kustina Zuliari, Kustina Li Ping Pontoh Lontaan, Jehuda Lumunon, Novita P. Mangindaan, Rocky J. Mariane Wowor Marimbun, Betrix E. Marunduh, Sylvia Ritta Maureen M. Mawuntu, Maureen M. Mendur, Sheren Ch. M. Michael A. Leman Mirani A. Uga Monica M. Sengkey, Monica M. Moningka, Maya Esther Wullur Muchyar, Dwi S.R. Myrtle Irene Sarjono Nancy Engka Natalia Purnamasari Natalia, Adriani Ngongoloy, Johanes J. F. Ni Made Windrawati, Ni Made Ni Wayan Mariati Nonutu, Stevia E. P. S. Anindita Paputungan, Fazriah F. Parengkuan, Henaldy Paulina Gunawan Paulina N. Gunawan Pingkan E.O. Lengkong Pormes, Oktovianus Pritartha S. Anindita Puk, Jimmy Rumam Rahayu, Mayangsari P. Rando F. Mamitoho, Rando F. Randy V. S. Kindangen Rantung, Galatia Marline Victoria Rasni, Novia D. P. Rawung, Meilita M. Rebecca A. Ngantung, Rebecca A. Rinto Mangiwa Rompis, Karen Ronald Sondakh Rumampuk, Jimmy Franky Sanger, Seily E. Sapulete, Ivonny M Saputra, Yoddy G. Sarah Warouw Sekeon, Saskia E. Shianata, Chrisshania M. Siada, Gracela Marchtica Siantan Supit Siemona Berhimpon, Siemona Silalahi, Agnes M. Simak, Valen Siwi, Filliany A. P. Soba, Siane Stefana H. M. Kaligis Suci M. J. Amir Sukarno, Karina Janneta Sumual, Inriyani A. Sundah, Michael J. Supit, Aurelia S.R. Syahril Panigoro, Syahril Sylvia Marunduh Sylvia R. Marunduh Tawas, Stevany A.D. Tendean, Brigitta A. Tinneke A. Tololiu Tinneke Tololiu Tombokan, Kevin C. Triska Yolanda Worang Tulungnen, Regina S. Tulungnen S Vellisia Lindo Vita A. Lethulur Vonny N. S. Wowor Vonny N.S. Wowor, Vonny N.S. Warong, Kristo Waworuntu, Elshadai Teovilia Wibowo, Devina V. Wulan G. Parengkuan, Wulan G. Wulandari, Fitri K. Wuon, Kleysia D.