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The Effect of Multilevel Doses of Caffeine on Tissue Macrophage and Blood Lymphocyte Count in Autologous Full Thickness Skin Graft Healing in Sprague Dawley Rats Wahyu Haris Prabowo; Awal Prasetyo; Neni Susilaningsih
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 5 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i5.498

Backgrounds. A skin graft is one of the routine surgical procedures performed. This procedure gives excellent results when done as early as possible after the trauma. Caffeine has a mechanism as an adenosine-receptor A2 antagonist which can induce wound healing through increased angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of coffee caffeine in the initiation of full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by assessing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. The research design is an experimental study with a post-test-only approach with a control group design. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats aged 15 weeks (140 – 150 grams) were randomly divided into four groups. One group became the control group (decaffeinated) while the other group received various doses of caffeine (3 mg/kgBW, 6 mg/kgBW, and 9 mg/kgBW). Autologous skin grafts were performed in all groups. HE examination was performed to confirm the number of macrophage cells in the tissue. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 25 software. Results. There were significant differences in the number of tissue macrophages in the four groups. The group that received 9 mg/kgBW of caffeine showed the highest number of macrophages compared to the other groups. Based on the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, the group that received a dose of 6 mg/kg BW showed the highest number of lymphocytes compared to other groups. Conclusion. Caffeine showed the ability to initiate full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by increasing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague Dawley rats.

Profile of p53 Protein Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma Low-Risk and High-Risk Subtype Alendra Chakramurty; Meira Dewi Kusuma Astuti; Hermawan Istiadi; Awal Prasetyo; Dik Puspasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i6.538

Background: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world, and its incidence is increasing over time. It is estimated that it accounts for three-quarters of all non-melanoma skin cancers, and the incidence increases exponentially in predominantly white areas. The p53 gene is the gene that most undergoes mutations due to sun exposure and is the cause of skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma. This finding explains that p53 expression can be used as marker analysis in cases of basal cell carcinoma. Methods: Observational analytic design was carried out with a cross-sectional. The population and samples were paraffin blocks which histopathologically diagnosed Basal Cell Carcinoma in the anatomical pathology laboratory, Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Samples were processed by the p53 immunohistochemical staining method. The p53 expression was given a quantitative score to be 0 = negative, 1-2 = low, 3-4 = high. The expression of p53 was considered positive when it was colored in the cell nucleus. The correlation between variables was analyzed by Spearman and Mann Whitney correlation test. Results: There is no correlation between p53 expression and the age of p53 patients with p = 0.390 (p > 0.05). There is no correlation between p53 expression and lesion location with p = 0.817 (p > 0.05) There is no difference significant, between p53 expression and gender with p = 0.576 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no correlation between high and low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma subtype associated with age, gender, and lesion location.

THE COMBINE CREAM MIXTURE OF NIGELLA SATIVA AND OLEA EUROPAEA FASTEN THE BURN HEALING PROCESS WITH MINIMAL SCAR Sony Noegroho; Taufiq R Nasihun; Wiratno Wiratno; Awal Prasetyo
Media Medika Muda Vol 2, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background: The healing process of burns is influenced by epithelial faster grown, VEGF expression (vascular endothelial growth factor) and the amount of collagen. Nigella sativa oil could cure the second grade burn wound as effective as silver sulfadiazine cream. Olea europaea accelerates the formation of collagen, reepitelisation and enhances VEGF expression. The combination of both proved its potential in producing faster wound healing with minimal scarring. Method: This is a true experimental study using “posttest only control group design”, including 40 males Wistar rats as subject, body weight ± 200 grams, and maintained at room temperature 280-320C, standard feed and ad libitum drink, adapted and acclimatized a week in Individual cages before treatment. All rats were induced burns in the back area with previous local anesthesia given. All rats are administered cream therapy immediately after burning induction, and repeated daily once for 5 days, and divided into 4 group with the treatment as follows; Group 1 were applied with Sulfadene® (silver sulfadiazine 1%), group 2 by Nigella sativa cream, Group 3 has given olive oil 5% and group 4 has given combination cream of Nigella sativa and olive oil 5%. On the 5th day of the study, each group was randomly assigned 5 rats to terminate the VEGF expression and counting the amount of fibroblast. The 21st day of the study, all groups were terminated and histopathologic examination of scar formation in scar burn areas measured in thickness with Optilab Pro® software.Result: The highest number of fibroblast cells was consecutive group 1 (27.4), group 3 (26.7), group 2 (26.4), and the least group 4 (18.3). VEGF expression did not differ in all groups (Kruskal Wallis, P = 0.074.Conclusion: The combination of Nigella sativa and Olea europea cream mixes speeds the healing of burns with scarring. Keywords: Nigella sativa, Olea europe, fibroblast, VEGF, burns, scar thickness

ANALISIS FISIKA MEDIK PADA INTENSITAS NYERI PASIEN KANKER NASOFARING SETELAH DILAKUKAN MINDFULLNES Anisa Ell Raharyani; Sri Jumini; Yuriz Bakhtiar; Awal Prasetyo
JURNAL SPEKTRA Vol 6, No 2 (2020): SPEKTRA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Sains
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, FITK, UNSIQ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32699/spektra.v6i2.149

Nyeri pada pasien kanker nasofaring merupakan gejala yang sering terjadi. Keseimbangan pada gaya otot, dan tulang pada nasofaring dapat terganggu. Nyeri ini dapat disebabkan oleh metastase, proses infeksi atau pengobatan dan dapat menimbulkan dampak secara fisik, stres psikologi, dampak spiritual, sosial, bahkan banyak menimbulkan kematian serta menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien. Sebagian besar nyeri ini dialami oleh pasien kanker nasofaring stadium III dan IV. Pengaruh nyeri menimbulkan perubahan pada psikoneuroimunologi, sehingga diperlukan penanganan secara integratif dan holistik untuk mengurangi intensitas nyeri. Salah satu bentuk terapi integratif yang dilakukan adalah Mindfulness.Tujuan : melihat gambaran penurunan intensitas nyeri pada pasien kanker nasofaring setelah dilakukan Mindfulness. Metode:experimental clinical trial pre and post test design one group without control. Jumlah sampel 18, diambil berdasarkan consecutive sampling. Pengukuran intensitas nyeri menggunakan VAS, Hasil : perbedaan rata-rata intensitas nyeri sebelum dilakukan terapi, (mean 4,07 + 0,99) dan setelah dilakukan terapi, mean (3,07 + 0,91), Uji t-test menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang significan p value 0,001. Kesimpulan : ada penurunan intensitas nyeri pada pasien kanker nasofaring setelah dilakukan Mindfulness. Kata Kunci:Intensitas nyeri, keseimbangan otot, mindfulness, kanker nasofaring

EFFECT OF MINDFULNESS INTERVENTION ON THE INTENSITY OF PAIN IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADIATION TREATMENT Anna Jumatul Laely; Awal Prasetyo; Chandra Bagus Ropyanto
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2018): March - April
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Background: Physical responses that occur in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer are the emergence of pain due to the effects of treatment. The problem of pain in these patients at the stage of treatment remains critical to solve because it can cause comorbidity, psychological trauma and mortality. Mindfulness intervention is considered useful in transforming consciousness into the stage of acceptance. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of mindfulness intervention on the intensity of pain in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest posttest control group design. Thirty patients were selected using consecutive sampling, which divided into experiment and control group. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure pain. Each respondent received mindfulness intervention for six sessions, divided into three meetings. Paired t-test was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed a significant reduction of pain from 4.12 (moderate pain) to 3.06 (mild pain) in the experiment group. There was a significant difference in pain level before and after mindfulness intervention (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Mindfulness is effective in reducing pain intensity level in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy.

The Effect of Multilevel Doses of Caffeine on Tissue Macrophage and Blood Lymphocyte Count in Autologous Full Thickness Skin Graft Healing in Sprague Dawley Rats Wahyu Haris Prabowo; Awal Prasetyo; Neni Susilaningsih
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 5 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i5.498

Backgrounds. A skin graft is one of the routine surgical procedures performed. This procedure gives excellent results when done as early as possible after the trauma. Caffeine has a mechanism as an adenosine-receptor A2 antagonist which can induce wound healing through increased angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of coffee caffeine in the initiation of full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by assessing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. The research design is an experimental study with a post-test-only approach with a control group design. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats aged 15 weeks (140 – 150 grams) were randomly divided into four groups. One group became the control group (decaffeinated) while the other group received various doses of caffeine (3 mg/kgBW, 6 mg/kgBW, and 9 mg/kgBW). Autologous skin grafts were performed in all groups. HE examination was performed to confirm the number of macrophage cells in the tissue. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 25 software. Results. There were significant differences in the number of tissue macrophages in the four groups. The group that received 9 mg/kgBW of caffeine showed the highest number of macrophages compared to the other groups. Based on the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, the group that received a dose of 6 mg/kg BW showed the highest number of lymphocytes compared to other groups. Conclusion. Caffeine showed the ability to initiate full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by increasing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague Dawley rats.

Profile of p53 Protein Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma Low-Risk and High-Risk Subtype Alendra Chakramurty; Meira Dewi Kusuma Astuti; Hermawan Istiadi; Awal Prasetyo; Dik Puspasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i6.538

Background: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world, and its incidence is increasing over time. It is estimated that it accounts for three-quarters of all non-melanoma skin cancers, and the incidence increases exponentially in predominantly white areas. The p53 gene is the gene that most undergoes mutations due to sun exposure and is the cause of skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma. This finding explains that p53 expression can be used as marker analysis in cases of basal cell carcinoma. Methods: Observational analytic design was carried out with a cross-sectional. The population and samples were paraffin blocks which histopathologically diagnosed Basal Cell Carcinoma in the anatomical pathology laboratory, Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Samples were processed by the p53 immunohistochemical staining method. The p53 expression was given a quantitative score to be 0 = negative, 1-2 = low, 3-4 = high. The expression of p53 was considered positive when it was colored in the cell nucleus. The correlation between variables was analyzed by Spearman and Mann Whitney correlation test. Results: There is no correlation between p53 expression and the age of p53 patients with p = 0.390 (p > 0.05). There is no correlation between p53 expression and lesion location with p = 0.817 (p > 0.05) There is no difference significant, between p53 expression and gender with p = 0.576 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no correlation between high and low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma subtype associated with age, gender, and lesion location.

The Effect of Combination of Green Tea and Roselle Extract on Morphology and Motility of Spermatozoa in Rats Induced by Monosodium Glutamate Nurjaya Adinugroho; Awal Prasetyo; Eriawan Agung Nugroho
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 9 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i9.576

Background: Infertility is a reproductive system problem and has been increasing recently. One of the reasons is the poor quality of spermatozoa, which can be assessed through its morphology and motility. Excessive consumption of MSG can affect the quality of spermatozoa. The provision of a combination of green tea and roselle extract, which is an antioxidant and is expected to be able to counteract the effects of MSG’s free radicals on spermatozoa. The objective of the study is to determine the morphology and motility of Wistar Rats’ spermatozoa in the control group given MSG and in the experimental group given MSG and a combination of green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Methods: Fifteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, a control group with MSG, group 1 with MSG and a combination of green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW/day (P1), and group 2 with MSG and combination green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW/day (P2). After 14 days of treatment, the morphology and motility of the spermatozoa of each mouse were studied and assessed microscopically. Results: In the morphological study, the control group had the lowest normal value and the highest abnormal value among all groups. Meanwhile, the P1 group had the highest normal and lowest abnormal values compared to the other two groups. Conclusion: The administration of a combination of green tea and roselle extract improved the morphology and motility of Wistar rats’ spermatozoa. However, an increased dose of a combination of green tea and roselle extract was not proven to affect the morphology and motility of Wistar rats' spermatozoa.

The Effect of Combination of Green Tea and Roselle Extract on Morphology and Motility of Spermatozoa in Rats Induced by Monosodium Glutamate Nurjaya Adinugroho; Awal Prasetyo; Eriawan Agung Nugroho
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 9 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i9.576

Background: Infertility is a reproductive system problem and has been increasing recently. One of the reasons is the poor quality of spermatozoa, which can be assessed through its morphology and motility. Excessive consumption of MSG can affect the quality of spermatozoa. The provision of a combination of green tea and roselle extract, which is an antioxidant and is expected to be able to counteract the effects of MSG’s free radicals on spermatozoa. The objective of the study is to determine the morphology and motility of Wistar Rats’ spermatozoa in the control group given MSG and in the experimental group given MSG and a combination of green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Methods: Fifteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, a control group with MSG, group 1 with MSG and a combination of green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW/day (P1), and group 2 with MSG and combination green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW/day (P2). After 14 days of treatment, the morphology and motility of the spermatozoa of each mouse were studied and assessed microscopically. Results: In the morphological study, the control group had the lowest normal value and the highest abnormal value among all groups. Meanwhile, the P1 group had the highest normal and lowest abnormal values compared to the other two groups. Conclusion: The administration of a combination of green tea and roselle extract improved the morphology and motility of Wistar rats’ spermatozoa. However, an increased dose of a combination of green tea and roselle extract was not proven to affect the morphology and motility of Wistar rats' spermatozoa.

Efek Kafein Dosis Bertingkat terhadap Epitelisasi dan Densitas Mikrovaskuler pada Penyembuhan Luka Full Thickness Skin Graft AutologusTikus Sprague Dawley Aditya Purnama; Neni Susilaningsih; Awal Prasetyo
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 19, No 2 (2020): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.19.2.121-126

Latar belakang : Skin graft saat ini menjadi salah satu terapi pilihan pada proses penyembuhan luka yang selalu berkembang. Proses epitelisasi dan pembentukan pembuluh darah baru memiliki peran penting dalam penyembuhan luka skin graft. Kandungan kafein (1,3,7 trimethylxanthine) sebagai antioksidan memiliki peran yang penting dalam penyembuhan luka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan efek kafein dalam berbagai dosis dalam meningkatkan densitas mikrovaskuler dan epitelisasi pada luka skin graft.Metode : Penelitan ini adalah studi eksperimental dengan “Blinded randomized post test only controlled group design” terhadap 24 ekor tikus Sprague Dawley dilakukan skin graft autologous pada waktu yang bersamaan. Sampel dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 grup (K = tanpa pemberian kafein), (P1= Kafein 3 mg), (P2 = Kafein 6 mg), (P3 = Kafein 9 mg).Penilaian prosentase epitelisasi dan jumlah densitas mikrovaskuler jaringan dilakukan dengan pengecatan hematoxylin & eosin setelah hari ke 7 pasca skin graft.Hasil : Analisis statistik perbandingan prosentase epitelisasi jaringan didapatkan didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kelompok K vs PI ( p = 0,003 ), K vs P2 (p = 0,001), K vsP3 (p = 0,001), P1 vs P2 (p = 0,001), P1 vs P3 (p = 0,001). Perbedaan yang tidak bermakna didapatkan antara kelompok P2 vs P3 (p = 0,669) dan pada jumlah densitas mikrovaskuler, didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok K vs P2 (p = 0,010), K vs P3 (p = 0,008), P1 vs P2 (p = 0,009), P1 vs P3 (p = 0,007), P2 vs P3 (p = 0,008). Perbedaan yang tidak bermakna didapatkan antara kelompok K vs P1 (p = 0,343).Kesimpulan :Kafeindapat meningkatkanprosentase epitelisasi dan jumlah densitas mikrovaskuler jaringan pada proses penyembuhan luka skin graft autologus tikus Sprague Dawley.Kata Kunci : Kafein, skin graft autologus, epitelisasi, densitas mikrovaskuler ABSTRACTTitle: Effects of Increased Dose Caffeine on Epithelialization and Microvascular Density in the Healing of Full Thickness Skin Graft Autologous Sprague Dawley Mouse Background: Skin graft is currently one of the therapies of choice in the healing process of wounds that always develops. The process of epithelialization and formation of new blood vessels has an important role in healing skin graft wounds. Caffeine content (1,3,7 trimethylxanthine) as an antioxidant has an important role in wound healing. The aim of this study is to prove the effects of caffeine in various doses in increasing microvascular density and epithelialization in skin graft injuries.Method: This research is an experimental study with a "Blinded randomized post test only controlled group design" of 24 Sprague Dawley rats by autologous skin graft at the same time. Samples were randomly divided into 4 groups (K = no caffeine), (P1 = Caffeine 3 mg), (P2 = Caffeine 6 mg), (P3 = Caffeine 9 mg). The assessment of the percentage of epithelialization and the amount of tissue microvascular density was done by painting hematoxylin & eosin after 7 days after skin graft.Results: Statistical analysis of the comparison of tissue epithelialization percentage found significant differences between groups K vs PI (p = 0.003), K vs P2 (p = 0.001), K vsP3 (p = 0.001), P1 vs P2 (p = 0.001) , P1 vs P3 (p = 0.001). No significant difference was found between the P2 vs P3 group (p = 0.669) and in the total microvascular density, a significant difference was found between the K vs P2 group (p = 0.010), K vs P3 (p = 0.008), P1 vs P2 (p = 0.009), P1 vs P3 (p = 0.007), P2 vs P3 (p = 0.008). No significant difference was found between the K vs P1 groups (p = 0.343).Conclusion: Caffeine can increase the percentage of epithelialization and the amount of tissue microvascular density in the healing process of autologous skin grafts of Sprague Dawley rats.Keywords: Caffeine, autologous skin graft, epithelialization, microvascular density

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