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All Journal Bali Journal of Anesthesiology Jurnal Anestesi Obstetri Indonesia Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG) Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Halal Tourism and Pilgrimage Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Islamic Marketing Review Jurnal Inovasi Global Jurnal Komplikasi Anestesi Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Jurnal Sistem Transportasi & Logistik

Sri Rahardjo

Program Doktor Manajemen dan Bisnis (MB-IPB)- Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sahid Jakarta

Author-ID : 354563

Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Analisis Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Sistem Elektronik Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah di LKPP Rahardjo, Sri; Bijaksana, Gena; Larasati, Kinanthi; Chamsudi, Danie Hayam Mada; Sitorus, Purbanuara Parlindungan; Kania, Dinar Dewi
Jurnal Sistem Transportasi & Logistik Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Agustus
Publisher : Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54324/jstl.v2i1.1262

This study aims to determine the implementation of transparency and accountability in the process of procurement of goods/services electronically as well as the inhibiting factors for implementing accountability of goods/services electronically. This study uses the E-Procurement method, implementing the principle of procurement of goods/services, the government will find it easier, especially transparency and accountability that are directly related to information systems and technology. The results obtained in this study are that the procurement process for goods/services is in accordance with existing regulations and the technical team as end users already feel that the electronic procurement process is transparent. on the LPSE LKPP website. The clinical impact of this research is the government that allows for vulnerability in the form of corruption. Therefore, the government obliges every Ministry/Institution/Regional Work Unit/Institution to carry out procurement activities of government goods/services electronically, which is then referred to as e-procurement.

Kajian Konsep Lund dan Konsep Rosner untuk Tatalaksana Cedera Otak Traumatik Berat Sumardi, Fitri Sepviyanti; Rachman, Iwan Abdul; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2020)
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Tatalaksana pasien dengan cedera otak traumatik (COT) berat mengalami perubahan berkesinambungan selama 30 tahun terakhir. Tatalaksana yang diarahkan di unit perawatan intensif (intensive care unit/ICU) mengacu pada tatalaksana klinis sebagai titik akhir terapi utama, bertujuan untuk mempertahankan variabel fisiologis tertentu secara ketat dalam rentang target yang telah ditentukan. Satu alternatif terhadap terapi konvensional ini adalah konsep Lund yang mengutamakan penurunan tekanan mikrovaskular. Konsep Lund termasuk suatu strategi target volume untuk mengendalikan tekanan intrakranial, berasal dari Universitas Lund Swedia, lebih dari 27 tahun yang lalu dan tetap masih kontroversi sampai saat ini. Sejak tahun 1996, American Brain Trauma Foundation dan European Brain Injury Consortium, yang mengacu pada konsep Rosner, telah menerbitkan dan memperbarui panduan untuk tatalaksana cedera otak traumatik. Para ahli sangat menyadari adanya patologi intrakranial multifaktorial yang terlihat pada pasien COT berat dan kompleksitas mekanisme cedera otak sekunder setelah trauma primer, akan menemukan bahwa revisi ini sulit untuk dipahami. Hubungan antara peningkatan tekanan intrakranial (TIK) dan hasil luaran klinis yang lebih buruk sudah terbukti. Menyederhanakan fisiologi otak setelah COT berat ke strategi tatalaksana pasien bedasarkan ambang batas adalah berkaitan erat dengan hubungan interaksi komplek antara: peningkatan TIK, aliran darah otak, dan metabolisme otak.Review of Lund Concept and Rosner Concept for Therapy of Severe Traumatic Brain InjuryAbstractThe management of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has undergone continuous changes over the past 30 years. Management directed at the intensive care unit (ICU) refers to clinical management as the main end point of therapy, aiming to maintain certain physiological variables strictly within a predetermined target range. One alternative to this conventional therapy is the Lund concept which prioritizes the reduction of microvascular pressure. The concept of Lund includes a volume target strategy for controlling intracranial pressure, from Lund University in Sweden, more than 27 years ago and remains controversial to date. Since 1996, the American Brain Trauma Foundation and the European Brain Injury Consortium, which refers to the Rosner concept, have published and updated guidelines for the management of traumatic brain injury. Experts are well aware of the multifactorial intracranial pathology seen in severe TBI patients and the complexity of the mechanism of secondary brain injury after primary trauma will find that this revision is difficult to understand. The relationship between increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and worse clinical outcome has been proven. Simplifying the physiology of the brain after severe TBI to the patient's management strategy based on the threshold is closely related to the relationship between complex interactions: increased ICP, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and brain metabolism.

Anestesi Scalp Block dan Occipital Block pada Tindakan External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) pada Kehamilan 32 Minggu Arshad, Muhammad; Bisri, Dewi Yulianti; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2020)
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Hidrosefalus adalah pembesaran ventrikel otak sebagai akibat peningkatan jumlah cairan serebrospinal (CSS) yang disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan antara produksi, sirkulasi dan absorbsinya. Perkiraan wanita hamil yang dilakukan operasi non obstetric sekitar 12%. Pasien obstetri dengan penyakit bedah saraf selalu dirawat di ICU. Insidensi operasi selama kehamilan dilaporkan 42% prosedur pembedahan terjadi pada trimester pertama, 35% pada trimester kedua, dan 23% pada trimester ketiga. Seorang wanita 35 tahun dengan usia kehamilan 3233 minggu datang ke IGD dengan penurunan kesadaran tanpa riwayat trauma, tidak dijumpai tekanan darah tinggi. Dari pemeriksaan CT-Scan ditemukan adanya hidrosefalus, sehingga dilakukan tindakan external ventricular drainage (EVD). Anestesi untuk pasien dalam keadaan hamil harus mempertimbangkan bayi dalam kandungan sehingga dilakukan pembiusan scalp block dan occipital block. Obat yang digunakan ropivakain HCl 0,375 % (sebanyak 10cc). Setelah operasi pasien dirawat di ruang pemulihan, 2 jam kemudian dirawat di ruang high care unit (HCU). Pencegahan terhadap hipoksia dan hipotensi adalah keharusan, walaupun periode hipoksemia yang pendek masih bisa ditoleransi. Hipoksemia maternal yang berkepanjangan akan menyebabkan vasokonstriksi sirkulasi uteroplasental yang pada akhirnya menurunkan perfusi sehingga menyebabkan hipoksemia, asidosis dan kematian janin.Scalp Block and Occipital Block Anesthesia for External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) in 32-Week PregnancyAbstractHydrocephalus is enlargement of the brain ventricles as a result of an increase in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSS) caused by an imbalance between production, circulation and absorption. Estimates of pregnant women in non-obstetric surgery are around 12%. Obstetric patients with neurosurgery disorders are always treated in the ICU. The incidence of surgery during pregnancy was reported in 42% of surgical procedures occurred in the first trimester, 35% in the second trimester, and 23% in the third trimester. A 35-year-old woman with 32-33 weeks' gestation came to the emergency room with decreased consciousness yet no history of trauma and high blood pressure. Hydrocephalus were found in CT scan, and the external ventricular drainage (EVD) is taken. The patient has intrauterine pregnancy so the anesthesia choice is scalp block and occipital block. Ropivacaine HCl 0.375% (as much 10cc) was used. After surgery the patient was treated in the recovery room for 2 hours, and discharged to the high care unit (HCU) afterwards. Hypoxia and hypotension is a challenge in short periods of hypoxemia that can still be tolerated. Prolonged maternal hypoxemia prevention will cause uteroplacental circulation vasoconstriction which ultimately reduces perfusion, causing foetal hypoxemia, acidosis and death.

Ventilasi Mekanik yang Memanjang pada Pasien Cedera Otak Traumatik Berat dengan Subdural Hematoma Putri, Dini Handayani; Rachman, Iwan Abdul; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2020)
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Cedera otak traumatik (COT) adalah suatu proses patologis pada otak yang berasal dari luar tubuh, yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan permanen atau sementara dari fungsi otak. Salah satu perdarahan otak yang sering menyertai terjadinya COT berat adalah subdural hematoma (SDH). Pasien laki-laki 41 tahun, datang ke rumah sakit dengan penurunan kesadaran GCS E2M2V2 akibat kecelakaan. Pasien dilakukan tatalaksana dan diintubasi di IGD, hasil CT-Scan memperlihatkan SDH, dan edema serebri. Pasien dilakukan evakuasi hematom dengan anestesi umum, diinduksi dengan fentanil 100 ?gr, propofol 20 mg dan atracurium 20 mg intravena. Pemeliharaan dengan sevofluran, propofol kontinyu, fentanil dan atracurium intermiten. Pascaoperasi pasien mengalami ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), diberikan antibiotik sprektum luas untuk pemulihan paru, pada hari ke 10 pasien dilakukan trakeostomi. Pasien dapat disapih dari ventilator hari ke 21 dengan GCS E4M4Vtrach tanpa kontak, dengan skor GOS (Glasgow Outcome Scale) 3, direncanakan untuk homecare. COT berat membutuhkan tatalaksana pascaoperasi yang lebih kompleks, antisipasi penggunaan ventilasi mekanik yang memanjang, risiko VAP serta pertimbangan pemasangan trakeostomi secara cepat hingga pemberian antibiotik yang adekuat untuk mendapatkan hasil luaran terbaik.Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Subdural HematomasAbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a pathological process in the brain that originates from outside the body, which can lead to permanent or temporary damage to brain function. One of the brain hemorrhages that often accompanies severe TBI is subdural hematoma (SDH). Male patient 41 years old, was admitted to our hospital with decreased of consciusness with GCS E2M2V2 due to a motorcycle accident. The patient was intubated in the emergency room and then performed head CT scan examination which showed SDH and cerebral edema as the result. Patients then underwent hematoma evacuation under general anesthesia, induced with fentanyl 100 g, propofol 20 mg and atracurium 20 mg intravenously. Maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane, continuous propofol, fentanyl and intermittent atracurium. Postoperatively the patient experienced ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and given broad-spectrum antibiotics for lung recovery, then on the 10th day tracheostomy was performed. Patients can be weaned from the ventilator on day 21st with GCS E4M4Vtrach without contact, with a GOS (Glasgow Outcome Scale) score of 3, and was planned for homecare. Severe TBI requires more complex postoperative management, anticipation of prolonged use of mechanical ventilation, risk of VAP and consideration of rapid tracheostomy installation to adequate antibiotic administration to obtain the best outcome.

Penatalaksanaan Perioperatif Epidural Hematoma karena Pijat Kepala pada Bayi Subekti, Bambang Eko; Lalenoh, Diana C.; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 6, No 3 (2017)
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Cedera kepala pada bayi merupakan merupakan kejadian yang sering terjadi. Sejak bayi dapat tengkurap, berguling, merangkak bisa terjadi kepala bayi membentur dinding saat berganti posisi. Kebiasaan pijat bayi tradisional yang salah juga berisiko terjadinya cedera kepala. Terdapat perbedaan anatomi, fisiologi dan fisikososial, di samping otak bayi yang sedang mengalami perkembangan/pertumbuhan menjadi problem khusus dalam neuroanestesi. Bila terjadi trauma akan menyebabkan angka mortalitas, morbiditas dan kecacatan yang tinggi, yang sangat berpengaruh pada perkembangannya. Seorang bayi laki-laki, 1 bulan, datang ke RS dengan mengalami penurunan kesadaran setelah dipijat oleh dukun bayi tradisional. 3 hari sebelum masuk Rumah Sakit, bayi dipijat kemudian hari berikutnya demam, mual dan muntah, kejang dan kesadarannya menurun. Dibawa ke puskesmas dan dirujuk ke Rumah Sakit Abdul Muluk. Pada pemeriksaan di dapat kondisi lemah, GCS 9, pupil isokor 2/2mm, reflek cahaya +/+, hemodinamik dalam batas normal, anemia (+). Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan tambahan didiagnosa cedera otak traumatik (GCS 9) dengan epidural hemorrhage (EDH). Pada pasien dilakukan tindakan kraniotomi evakuasi hematom dengan memperhatikan prinsip neuroanestesi selama tindakan bedah berlangsung.Perioperative Management of Epidural Hematoma for a Head Massage in InfantsHead injury in infants is a common occurence. Infancy can stomach, roll over, crawl could happen babys head againts the wall when changing position. Custom baby masssage traditional one is also at risk of head injury. There are differences in anatomy, physiology and psychosocial, as well as infants who are experiencing brain development/growth particular problem in neuroanestesi In the event of trauma will cause mortality, morbidity and a higher rate, which is very influential in the development of infants. A boy,1 months, admitted to hospital with the experience a decrease in consciousness after a massage by masseur traditional. 3 days before entering the hospital, baby massage and then have fever, nausea and vomiting, seizures and decreased consciousness. The baby was brought to Puskesmas and refer to Abdul Muluk hospital. On examination 9 obtained GCS, pupillary light reflex isocoor 2/2mm + / +, hemodynamics in the normal range, anemia (+). After a physical examination and was diagnosed with an additional examination brain damage due to trauma (GCS 9) with epidural hemorraghe. Patient was managed with emergency hematoma evacuation under general anesthesia and with continues and comprehensive care using neuroanesthesia principles.

Diabetes Insipidus Pascaoperasi Kraniopharingioma pada Anak Winarso, Achmad Wahib Wahju; Saleh, Siti Chasnak; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2015)
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Kraniopharingioma adalah malformasi embriogenik sebagian berbentuk kistik dari area selar dan paraselar. Tumor epitel jarang timbul di sepanjang jalan saluran kraniopharyngeal. Tumor ini biasanya menyebabkan gangguan neurologis, endokrinologis, atau gejala visual. Diagnosis untuk kraniopharingioma anak dan orang dewasa ditandai dengan kombinasi sakit kepala, gangguan penglihatan, dan poliuria/polidipsia, yang juga bisa termasuk penambahan berat badan yang signifikan. Dengan kejadian sampai 0,52,0 kasus baru per juta penduduk per tahun terjadi pada anak-anak dan remaja. Pada anak sering mengalami gangguan pertumbuhan, dan atau pubertas dini pascaoperasi. Penatalaksanaan pembedahan dengan lokalisasi tumor yang menguntungkan adalah reseksi lengkap; pada lokalisasi tumor yang tidak menguntungkan, operasi radikal adalah terapi pilihan pada kraniopharingioma. Seorang anak perempuan 11 tahun dengan keluhan pusing, mual, muntah dengan disertai tanda-tanda dehidrasi ringan tanpa ada gangguan visus yang menurun. Saat di IGD dilakukan rehidrasi, pemeriksaan diagnostik ditemukan adanya hidrosefalus dan direncanakan pemesangan VPShunt dengan menggunakan anestesia umum. Manajemen dari tumor intrakranial dengan hidrosefalus yang mengalami dehidrasi pada situasi darurat merupakan tantangan dokter anestesi. Sepuluh hari kemudian dilakukan eksisi tumor dengan anestesi umum. Sebuah prosedur gabungan seperti di atas memerlukan diskusi dan kordinasi untuk memastikan kondisi pascaoperasi. Manifestasi patologis, serta tantangan-tantangan khusus gejala sisa yang timbul, memerlukan tindakan diagnosis, pengobatan (terutama titik waktu yang ideal iradiasi), dan kualitas hidup dengan penyakit kronis ini (obesitas) dengan melibatkan managemen multidisiplin seumur hidup untuk orang dewasa dan anak-anak penderita kraniopharingioma.Diabetes Insipidus Post Craniopharyngioma Surgery in PediatricCraniopharingioma is shaped cystic malformation embryogenic portion of the small opening area and paraselar. Epithelial tumors rarely arise along the way craniopharyngeal channels. These tumors usually cause neurological disorders, endocrinological, or visual symptoms. Craniopharyngioma diagnosis for children and adults is characterized by a combination of headache, visual disturbances, and polyuria/polydipsia, which also can include significant weight gain. With events until 0.5 to 2.0 new cases per million population per year occur in children and adolescents. On postoperative impaired child growth, or early puberty. Management of surgery with favorable tumor localization is complete resection; the unfavorable tumor localization, radical surgery is the treatment of choice in craniopharyngioma. A daughter 11 yrs with complaints of dizziness, nausea, vomiting accompanied by signs of mild dehydration without any interruption decreased visual acuity. While in the emergency room rehydration, diagnostic examinations found their planned hydrocephalus and VP-Shunt custom installation using general anesthesia. Management of intracranial tumors with hydrocephalus dehydrated in emergency situations is a challenge anesthetist. Ten days later the tumor excision under general anesthesia. A combined procedure as above require discussion and coordination to ensure post-surgical conditions. Pathological manifestations, as well as the specific challenges that arise sequelae, require action diagnosis, treatment (particularly ideal time point irradiation), and quality of life with this chronic disease (obesity) involving multi-disciplinary management of a lifetime for adults and children ren craniopharyngioma patients.

Manajemen Cairan dan Elektrolit pada Pasien Cedera Kepala Aulyan Syah, Bau Indah; Gaus, Syafruddin; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 5, No 3 (2016)
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Manajemen pasien cedera kepala harus selalu difokuskan pada penatalaksanaan cedera primer dan cedera sekunder. Pemeliharaan perfusi serebral dan pencegahan hipertensi intrakranial yang mencakup pemeliharaan osmolalitas merupakan bagian penting dalam tatalaksana cairan dan elektrolit pasien cedera kepala, terutama bila diduga sawar darah otak tidak intak. Pemberian dan jenis cairan harus mempertimbangkan ketidakmampuan otak pasien dalam mengatasi perubahan volume dan osmolalitas seluler dan peningkatan konsumsi oksigen serebral. Target tekanan perfusi serebral antara 5070 mmHg. Pemilihan jenis cairan pada cedera kepala masih kontroversi, karena baik koloid maupun kristaloid dianggap memiliki efek samping yang sama beratnya terhadap otak yang cedera. Dari penelitian SAFE (Saline and Albumin Fluid Evaluation) ditemukan luaran mortalitas-28 hari yang lebih tinggi pada pasien yang menerima koloid (albumin 4%) dibanding yang menerima kristaloid (salin isotonik). Sifat hipotonis albuminlah (osmolalitas 260 mOsml/kg) yang membahayakan pasien cedera kepala, bukan karena sifat koloidnya. Rekomendasi terkini menganjurkan penggunaan larutan isotonik seperti NaCl 0,9%. Penanganan hipertensi intrakranial pada cedera kepala juga sering melibatkan terapi hiperosmolar, dan yang paling dominan adalah mannitol yang dianjurkan hanya untuk jangka pendek dan pada sawar darah otak yang intak, serta dalam cakupan osmolaritas darah 300310 mOsm/l. Selain mannitol, salin hipertonik dapat menjadi alternatif, namun harus dihindari bila kadar natrium serum lebih dari 160 mmol/L.Fluid and Electrolyte Management in Head Injury PatientTreatment for head trauma patients should always be focused on the management of the primary and secondary trauma. Maintaining cerebral perfusion and preventing intracranial hypertension, which include maintaining cerebral osmolality, is part of the crucial fluid and electrolyte management for patients with head injury, particularly when the blood brain barrier is assumed to be no longer intact. Fluid administration and the type of the fluids given should carefully account the patient brain capability to adjust to volume change and cellular osmolality, and to an increase in cerebral oxygen consumtion. Target of cerebral perfusion pressure in the range of 50-70 mmHg. The preference fluid for patients with head injury remains controversial, because either colloid or crystalloid fluids are both believed to be equally detrimental in side effects. However, SAFE (Saline and Albumin Fluid Evaluation) research revealed 28 days mortality outcome higher among patients receiving colloid (4% albumin) compared to those receiving crystalloid (Isotonic saline). It was the hypotonisity of the albumin (osmolality 260 mOsml/kg) that was harmful in nature for the patients brain, instead of its colloid characteristics. Recent updates recommend using isotonic solution such NaCl 0.9%. Intracranial hypertension management in head injury cases is frequently combined with hyperosmolar therapy, which dominantly using mannitol which is recommended limited to certain circumstances: short period of administration, intact condition of blood brain barrier, and with osmolarity coverage in range of 300-310 mOsml/L. As alternative, hypertonic saline can also be used, hence should be avoided when sodium serum concentration is higher than 160 mmol/L.

Luaran Pasien Dengan Perdarahan Intraserebral dan Intraventrikular yang Dilakukan Vp-Shunt Emergensi Jasa, Zafrullah Kany; Rahardjo, Sri; Saleh, Siti Chasnak
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
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Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Perdarahan intraventrikuler dan intraserebral merupakan kejadian akut yang dapat timbul spontan terutama akibat hipertensi dan aneurisma yang pecah atau oleh karena cedera kepala akibat trauma. Pada keadaan akut tindakan yang dilakukan dapat berupa pemberian obat-obatan ataupun tindakan pembedahan. Tindakan pembedahan yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengurangi tekanan intrakranial yang meningkat mendadak dan mengeluarkan hematoma untuk segera memperbaiki gangguan fungsi dan mencegah kerusakan neurologis lebih berat. Tindakan ini diharapkan dapat menurunkan tekanan intrakranial serta mengurangi resiko timbulnya hidrosefalus akibat tersumbatnya sistem ventrikel di otak sebagai salah satu kompilkasi dari perdarahan intrakranial.Subjek dan Metode: Telah dilakukan tindakan pemasangan Ventrikulo-Peritoneal Shunt (VP-Shunt) pada 8 orang pasien yang mengalami perdarahan intraventrikuler atau perdarahan intraserebral oleh karena stroke dan trauma dalam 72 jam pertama setelah timbulnya gejala. Dilakukan perbandingan terhadap GCS awal sebelum operasi dan 72 jam setelah operasi serta luaran terhadap pasien terebut.Hasil: Didapatkan bahwa 6 orang pasien (75%) terjadi peningkatan GCS setelah pemasangan VP-Shunt. Dari pasien yang mengalami perbaikan GCS didapatkan selanjutnya 4 orang (50%) dipulangkan dan 4 pasien meninggal selama perawatan karena komplikasi.Simpulan: Tindakan VP-Shunt pada keadaat akut terhadap pasien perdarahan intraventrikuler dan intraserebral diduga dapat memperbaiki tingkat kesadaran meskipun luaran pasien tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermaknaOutcome of Patients with Intracerebral and Intraventricular Haemorrhage After an Emergency Vp-Shunt Insertion Background and Objective: Intraventricular and intracerebral haemorrhage is an acute condition that can occurs spontaneously due to hypertension or rupture of aneurism, and also can be occurs as a result from brain damage caused by trauma. Management in this acute condition can be done by either giving particular drugs or through surgical procedures. The aim of surgical procedure is to reduce a sudden increase of intracranial pressure as well as to evacuate hematome, in order to prevent functional neurology disturbance and damage. By performing this management, intracranial pressure is expected to decrease, and to reduce the risk of hydrocephalus resulted from an occlusion in brain ventricular system as one of the complication of intracranial haemorrhage.Subject and Method: Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunt (VP-Shunt) was inserted during the first 72 hours after the event in 8 patients with intraventricular and intracerebral haemorrhage due to stroke and trauma. Level of consciousness was assessed, by comparing the pre-operative and 72 hours post-operative using Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and the patient outcome was also assessed.Result: Six (75%) patients showed an increase GCS after VP-Shunt insertion, with 4 of them can be discharged from the hospital, whilst 4 patients died due to other complications.Conclusion: VP-Shunt insertion in acute condition in patients with intraventricular and intracerebral haemorrhage is considered to be useful in accelerating the level of consciousness, even though the overall outcome of the patients is not significantly different.

Penatalaksanaan Anestesi pada Ruptur Aneurisma Firdaus, Riyadh; Suarjaya, I Putu Pramana; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 5, No 1 (2016)
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Ruptur aneurisma adalah salah satu kejadian vaskular yang devastated dengan tingginya angka mortalitas. Namun dengan penanganan yang cepat dan tepat maka angka kematiannya hanya mencapai 10%, dan morbiditasnya ringan. Selain dari efek pecahnya pembuluh darah, banyak komplikasi lain yang perlu diperhatikan seperti perdarahan ulang, vasospasme, hidrosefalus, gangguan elektrolit sampai gangguan respirasi. Dilaporkan pasien perempuan 47 tahun dengan sakit kepala, mual dan muntah yang memberat sejak 2 minggu sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Keluhan seperti ini sudah dirasakan 7 tahun sebelumnya, dan didiagnosa sebagai ruptur aneurisma spontan, sekarang tanpa gejala sisa. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, pasien sadar penuh dengan kaku kuduk, tanpa tanda neurologis fokal. Dari pemeriksaan penunjang didapatkan terdapat vasospasme pada a. Karotis Interna setinggi segmen suprasinoid, serta perdarahan tipis intraventrikel dan ventrikulomegali. Pasien direncanakan untuk dilakukan clipping aneurisma dalam anastesi umum. Pasien kemudian di rawat di ruang perawatan intensif dengan target penyapihan cepat dan ekstubasi. Tantangan dalam proses anestesi kasus aneurisma adalah mempertahankan antara tekanan dalam aneurisma dan cerebral perfusion preassure (CPP), proteksi otak pada periode iskemi, serta menyediakan lapang operasi seluas mungkin. Pasca-operasi harus diperhatikan tanda tanda komplikasi berupa iskemia.Anesthetic Management in Patient with Rupture Intracranial AneursymAneurysm rupture is a devastated vascular injury with high mortality rate. But in expert hands, it has lower mortality only about 10%. Aneurysm has other complication such as rebleeding, vasospasm, hydrocephalus, and electrolyte also cardio-pulmonary disturbance. The patient is 47 years old women with progressive headache, nausea and vomiting since 2 weeks before admission. She already experienced the same symptoms at 7 years ago, and was been diagnosed with spontaneous rupture aneurysm. She is fully alert, only with nunchal rigidity and no neurologic deficit. There were vasospasm at A.Carotis Interna as high as supracinoid segment and intraventricular hemorrhage from CT dan CT-Angiography. Patient went to clipping procedure under general anesthesia. Post-operatively patient was admitted to intensive care unit with fast liberation of ventilator and extubation. Anesthetical challenge of rupture aneurysm are to maintain aneurysm pressure and cerebral perfusion rate, brain protection, and provide enough space for surgery. Post-op monitoring should include routine neurological examination to early detect ischemia.

Penatalaksanaan Anestesi pada Pasien Cedera Kepala Berat akibat Hematoma Epidural Akut disertai Kehamilan Aulyan Syah, Bau Indah; Suarjaya, I Putu Pramana; Rahardjo, Sri; Saleh, Siti Chasnak
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 6, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Penanganan cedera kepala berat selalu bertujuan untuk mempertahankan tekanan perfusi otak (TPO) dan mencegah peningkatan tekanan intrakranial yang dapat menyebabkan cedera otak sekunder. Pada pasien dengan kehamilan, janin juga harus dipantau. Hiperventilasi harus dihindari karena berefek buruk terhadap perfusi otak dan aliran darah plasenta. Seorang wanita, 25 tahun, 60 kg, 160 cm datang ke rumah sakit akibat trauma kepala karena kecelakaan lalu lintas yang dialami kurang dari 1 jam sebelum masuk rumah sakit dengan GCS E4M6V4. Pasien dalam keadaan hamil G1P0A0 dengan usia kehamilan 2830 minggu. Di unit gawat darurat terjadi penurunan kesadaran mendadak hingga GCS E1M5V1 sehingga dilakukan intubasi endotrakhea disusul dengan pemeriksaan CT Scan dengan hasil hematoma epidural dekstra dan hematoma subarachnoid disertai midline shift. Pasien kemudian menjalani operasi evakuasi hematoma epidural dengan anestesi umum kemudian di rawat di unit perawatan intensif dengan pipa endotrakhea masih dipertahankan. Denyut jantung janin (DJJ) masih terdengar dan dilakukan observasi ketat DJJ selama perawatan di ICU. Namun setelah beberapa hari di ICU, janin dinyatakan meninggal. Ringkasan: Pasien cedera kepala berat dengan hematoma epidural dan subarachnoid disertai kehamilan telah menjalani operasi anestesi umum dengan tetap memperhatikan pemeliharaan tekanan perfusi otak (TPO) dan mempertahankan kondisi janin dalam batas normal. Meskipun pada akhirnya janin tidak bisa diselamatkan akibat lamanya perawatan ibu dengan ventilator.Anesthesia Management for Patients in Pregnancy with Severe Head Injury Due to Acute Epidural Hematoma Management of severe head injury cases, in any given situation, is targeted to maintain cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), and preventing increase of intracranial pressure that possibly cause secondary brain injury. In a case of pregnancy, besides considering the maternal status, fetus condition is equally important to observe. Hyperventilation should be avoided due to its possible detrimental effect to both the brain perfusion and placental blood flow. A 25 year old female, 60 kg, 160 cm, was taken to the hospital due to head trauma caused by a traffic accident, roughly about an hour prior to hospitalization. GCS was E4M6V4. The patient was in her 28 30 week of pregnancy (G1P0A0). Sudden decrease in consciousness occurred and GCS lowered to E1M5V1. Endotracheal intubation was then prompted. Epidural haematoma subarachnoid haematoma with midline shift revealed in CT scan. The patient underwent epidural hematoma evacuation with general anesthesia then transferred to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with ETT maintained. Fetal heart rate remains heard, followed with close monitoring of the fetal heart rate during treatment in the ICU. After 3 days in ICU, fetus died. Summary: A pregnant patient with severe head injury of epidural and subarachnoid bleeding, has undergone an operation with general anesthesia. The fetus was unfortunately cannot be saved due to the patient long ventilator treatment.

Co-Authors A Himendra Wargahadibrata Adi Hidayat Adi, Erman Noor Adriman, Silmi Adriman, Silmi Afra, Syeda Maria Ahmad Agnesha, Fahmi Ambarini, Ronia Anindita, Triatma Arief, Budi Arshad, Muhammad Aulyan Syah, Bau Indah Aulyan Syah, Bau Indah Ayu, Rifana Bambang Suryono, Bambang Bestari, Viqy Esha Bhirowo Yudo Pratomo Bijaksana, Gena Bimarso, Wahyono Budianti, Nugrahaeni Calcarina Fitriani Retno Wisudarti Chamsudi, Danie Hayam Mada Christanto, Sandhi Christanto, Sandhi Dewi Yulianti Bisri Dian Artanti Arubusman, Dian Artanti Diana Lalenoh Dinar Dewi Kania Edhie Budi Setiawan, Edhie Budi Fachrial, Peppy Fadhil, Dimas Nu’man Faturachman, Muhammad Rafli Firdaus, Riyadh Firdaus, Riyadh Fithrah, Bona Akhmad Fithrah, Bona Akhmad Fitri Sepviyanti Sumardi Francis Tantri, Francis Fuadi, I Fuadi, I Gunawan, Fanny Hamzah, Hanzah Handayani, Sri Hartono, Pinter Herlambang, Panji Hisam, Muhammad Yusuf Ida Bagus Krisna Jaya Sutawan Ikhwandi, Arif Indrawan, Rully Isngadi Iwan Abdul Rachman Jasa, Zafrullah Kany Jasa, Zafrullah Kany Kadarisman, Muh Laksono, Buyung Hartiyo Lalenh, Diana C. Larasati, Kinanthi Lisda Amalia Liza, Helda Luky Adrianto Mahmud Mahmud Malisan, Johny Mangastuti, Rebecca Sidhapramudita Manurung, Laurensius Muhammad Thamrin Mulyono Narohito, Yosapat Parningotan Nasution, Syahrial Nur, Muhammad Ikhwan Nuryawan, Iwan Oetoro, Bambang J. Oetoro, Bambang J. P, Inggita Dyah Parhusip, Veronica Permatasari, Endah Permatasari, Endah Prasadja Ricardianto, Prasadja Prasetya, Sandie Prayunanto A.N, Eko Purbanuara Parlindungan Sitorus Purwa Saputra, Datep Purwanto, Erfien Puspita, Amelia Tri Putra, Bina Putri, Dini Handayani Putu Pramana Suarjaya Radian Ahmad Halimi Ratih Kumala Fajar Apsari Restu S, Meta Rini, Isworo Ruddy Suwandi Rudita, Muhammad Rumpoko, Triaji Mudo Saleh, Siti Chasnak Saleh, Siti Chasnak Santoso, Arief Hariyadi Sectio, Devin Igel Septika, Rafidya Indah Setiandari, Kristina Setyarto, Aries Siti Helmyati Siti Maemunah Soeboer, Deni Achmad Solihah Sari Rahayu Subekti, Bambang Eko Subekti, Bambang Eko Sudadi Sudadi Sudadi Suhalis, Adenan Suharso, Pamungkas Hary Sujarwanto Sujarwanto, Sujarwanto Sulam, Munyati Sunartejo, Bayu Suyasa, Agus Baratha Suyasa, Agus Baratha Syafruddin Gaus Tatang Bisri Taufik Perdana Budiman, Bambang Tjahya Aryasa Widiastuti, Monika - Winarso, Achmad Wahib Wahju Winarso, Achmad Wahib Wahju Wrgahadibrata, A Himendra Yana Tatiana, Yana Yosiyanto, Robi Yunita Widyastuti Yusmein Uyun Zaki, Wildan Arsyad

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