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All Journal Al-Risalah : Jurnal Imu Syariah dan Hukum Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Arena Hukum Badamai Law Journal Jurisprudentie Pembaharuan Hukum Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada Nagari Law Review Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktek Administrasi JURNAL RECTUM: Tinjauan Yuridis Penanganan Tindak Pidana Keadilan POLITICA: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam Jurnal Media Informatika Law Development Journal Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) Journal of Legal and Cultural Analytics (JLCA) Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Bacarita Law Journal Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Mamangan Social Science Journal Golden Ratio of Data in Summary Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains JUDGE: Jurnal Hukum Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktek Administrasi Journal Customary Law Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Public Service And Governance Journal Keadilan Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum International Journal of Law and Society Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) Journal of Business Inflation Management and Accounting Journal of Health Education Law Information and Humanities Open Access DRIVERset
Janpatar Simamora
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Religion Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Law Enforcement Against Children as Perpetrators of Aggravated Theft Committed Jointly: A Case Study of Decision Number: 26/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN.Son Ari Iswandy Sihombing; Janpatar Simamora; Jusnizar Sinaga
Al-Risalah VOLUME 26 NO 1, MAY (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-risalah.vi.65955

Abstract

This study analyzes the criminal liability of children as perpetrators of theft with joint aggravation and the judge’s legal considerations in Decision Number 26/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN.Son. The research is motivated by the increasing involvement of children in serious crimes, which raises normative tension between the principle of ultimum remedium in juvenile justice and the practical tendency to impose imprisonment, particularly in cases involving aggravating circumstances or recidivism. Within the framework of Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, law enforcement is required to prioritize protection, rehabilitation, and the best interests of the child. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory and case approaches, focusing on the application of Article 363 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code and relevant provisions governing juvenile criminal responsibility. The findings indicate that the elements of aggravated theft committed jointly were legally fulfilled, thereby establishing the child’s criminal liability. The judge imposed a sentence of one year and six months’ imprisonment based on juridical considerations, evidentiary facts, and the child’s personal circumstances, while formally referring to the principle of the best interests of the child. The contribution of this research lies in evaluating the consistency of judicial reasoning in applying the best interests principle in aggravated theft cases involving children, as well as assessing whether the decision reflects proportionality, legal certainty, and substantive justice within the juvenile criminal justice system.
Legal Analysis of the Appointment of Guardians for the Protection of Minors Based on a Will in Indonesian Civil Law: A Study of Court Decision No. 184/Pdt.G/2022/PN Medan Sulastri Febriana Purba; Janpatar Simamora; Ria Juliana Siregar
Al-Risalah VOLUME 26 NO 1, MAY (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-risalah.vi.66045

Abstract

Minors are legally considered incapable of performing legal acts and therefore require legal protection through guardianship. In civil law, guardianship functions as a substitute for parental authority over children who are not under the care of their parents, including the management of the child’s personal and property interests. One form recognized in Indonesian civil law is testamentary guardianship, namely the appointment of a guardian through a will. However, in practice, the implementation of testamentary guardianship does not always align with the best interest principle of the child, particularly when the guardian’s authority may potentially affect the protection of the child’s rights and assets. This study aims to analyze the legal validity of testamentary guardianship and examine the judge’s legal considerations in determining guardianship in Medan District Court Decision Number 184/Pdt.G/2022/PN.Mdn. The research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approach methods. Primary legal materials include provisions of the Indonesian Civil Code concerning guardianship, while secondary materials consist of legal doctrines and relevant scholarly literature. The findings indicate that the appointment of a guardian through a will is not absolute and must be assessed against the best interest principle. Judges evaluate several factors, including the legal validity of the will, the moral integrity and responsibility of the proposed guardian, and the emotional relationship between the guardian and the child. This article contributes to the development of civil law discourse by highlighting the limitations of testamentary guardianship in practice and emphasizing that guardianship should function primarily as a mechanism of child protection, rather than merely as a legal instrument for controlling or managing the child’s assets.
The Domicile Requirement for Village Heads After Constitutional Court Decision No. 128/PUU-XIII/2015 and Its Implications for the Administration of Village Governance Rut Simatupang; Janpatar Simamora; Hisar Siregar
Al-Risalah VOLUME 26 NO 1, MAY (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-risalah.vi.66475

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of regulating domicile requirements for Village Head candidates and their implications following Constitutional Court Decision Number 128/PUU-XIII/2015 on village governance. Although the decision removed domicile restrictions to guarantee equal constitutional rights, previous studies have focused more on its normative and constitutional aspects than on its sociological impact on village communities with strong local values. This study fills that gap by examining how the removal of domicile requirements affects social acceptance, leadership legitimacy, and the effectiveness of village governance. Using an empirical juridical method with a descriptive qualitative approach, this research collected primary data through in-depth interviews with community leaders, village officials, and villagers, while secondary data were obtained from regulatory documents and relevant literature. The findings show that the implementation of the Court’s decision is still marked by social resistance, as communities tend to trust local candidates more because they are considered to better understand village customs and social conditions. At the same time, the inclusion of non-local candidates has encouraged higher competency standards in village political competition. The novelty of this study lies in showing that the implications of the Court’s decision extend beyond the protection of constitutional rights to include changes in social legitimacy and leadership effectiveness at the village level. These findings are significant in indicating that effective village governance depends not only on managerial competence, but also on the elected Village Head’s ability to adapt to local wisdom and community values.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN DALAM TRANSAKSI LAHAN NON-FUNGIBLE TOKEN (NFT) BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 4 TAHUN 2023 Sinambela, Krisman Josua; Janpatar Simamora; Ria Juliana Siregar
Jurisprudentie: Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Vol 12 No 2 (2025): Volume 12 Nomor 2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum uin alauddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/jurisprudentie.v12i2.62495

Abstract

The development of digital technology has enabled the emergence of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) as digitally authenticated assets recorded on blockchain networks, including their use in representing ownership of digital land within metaverse ecosystems. However, Indonesia has not yet formulated explicit regulatory provisions governing the legal classification of NFTs, the scope of supervisory authority, or the standards for consumer protection. This regulatory absence results in legal ambiguity regarding the placement of NFTs within the framework of Financial Sector Technology Innovation (ITSK) under Law No. 4 of 2023, and simultaneously presents risks to consumers, including fraud, data misuse, loss of access to digital assets, and a lack of clear accountability mechanisms on NFT platforms. This research examines the legal status of NFTs in relation to ITSK and analyzes the adequacy of current consumer protection measures in NFT-based digital land transactions. Through a normative juridical method, the study finds that NFTs have not been formally classified within ITSK, nor assigned to a definitive supervisory authority, whether OJK or Bappebti. As such, consumer protection remains reliant on general norms under Law No. 8 of 1999, which are insufficient to address the specific risks inherent in NFT transactions. This research recommends the issuance of derivative regulations by OJK and/or Bappebti to clarify NFT classification, establish platform obligations, and strengthen consumer protection.
Co-Authors Andrew David Marbungaran Sibarani Ari Iswandy Sihombing Arta Harianja, Dame Berutu, Selvia Natalia Butar Butar, Edgar Thomas Darwin D.P.G. Marbun Debora Debora Debora Debora Devi Christina Octaviani Tamba Dwi Mika Elencia Sirait Edgar Thomas Butar-butar Elsita, Elsita Lumban Gaol Esraini Saruksuk Fajar sitorus Ginting, Ekel Tuahta haposan siallagan Harry Julius Pratama Manalu Heldiora Silva Simamora Herawati Herawati Herlina Manullang Hertati Gultom, Meli Hisar Siregar Hutagalung, Jordy William Hutagaol, Delvia Sawita Lestari Br Hutauruk, Rahel Januari Sihotang Januari Sihotang, Januari Jinner Sidauruk JUSNIZAR SINAGA Lafau, Karolus Kanefo Laoly, Grace Angelina Kristin Lesson Sihotang Leyla Vani Panjaitan Limbong, Andrew Afrizal Lumban Gaol, Canryfay Lumban Raja, Peter Joshua Lumbantoruan, Abram Andriano Samapta Manik, Risma Manik, Risma Elfrida Esther Manullang, Rio Saputra Manurung, Oktavia Pitta Marito Manurung, Rosa Desi Natalisma Marbun, Nismayani Marsel, Marsel Agustino Saragih Meli Hertati Gultom Naibaho, Bintang ME Nancy Nopeline Nila Muhedina Simarmata Pakpahan, Katryn NN Panjaitan, Leyla Vani Pardede, Putri Desima Pasaribu, Ridwan Sauttua Parlindungan Patar Marojahan Sinurat Purba, Rejeki Parmon Purba, Roganda Helena Sanzelina Ria Juliana Siregar Rio Saputra Manullang Rohmawati Berutu Rotua Febriyanti Turnip Rut Simatupang Saruksuk, Esraini Siahaan, Dhea Sintya Sianturi, Andre Ferdy Sidauruk, Jinner Sihotang, Kostarika Oktavia Sihotang, Lesson Simamora, Afric Simamora, Afric Stanley Simangunsong, Gaby Handayani Simanjuntak, Iona Febrina Simarmata, Prayusti Sarah Simatupang, Leonardo David Simatupang, Riris Sinambela, Krisman Josua Sirait, Dwi Mika Elencia Siregar, Jos Prasetia Sitanggang, Immanuel Lamhot Sitorus, Neeysha Nathani Sulastri Febriana Purba Tambunan, Mika Thensia viona, Viona Pratiwi Sitorus Willem Cahyadi Halawa Zalukhu, Alilin