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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Biospecies ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Reaktor Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Microbiology Indonesia BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology AL KAUNIYAH Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Biosfer: Jurnal Tadris Biologi Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Jurnal Agro Planta Tropika BIO-SITE |BIOLOGI Sains Terapan Majalah Obat Tradisional Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Omni-Akuatika Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya Filogeni: Jurnal Mahasiswa Biologi Berkala Ilmiah Biologi International Journal of Oil Palm
Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT IN PEEL EXTRACTS OF FOUR BANANA CULTIVARS FROM INDONESIA (Musa spp.) Arliani, Hida; Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Sri Kasiamdari, Rina; S. Daryono, Budi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 3 (2025): BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 3 December 2025
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2025.32.3.2426

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS- Wild banana morphology links to high peel flavonoid content.- Klutuk banana peel has the highest antioxidant potential.- Morphological traits can predict nutraceutical value in bananas.- Banana peel waste is a valuable source of natural antioxidants.- Conservation of wild germplasm is crucial for bioactive compounds.ABSTRACTBanana is a commodity with high genetic diversity in Indonesia, often leading to identification issues due to synonymy and homonymy. Accurate morphological characterization is essential for germplasm management and breeding programs. Concurrently, high consumption of banana generates significant banana peel waste, which is a potential source of bioactive compounds like flavonoids. This study aimed to characterize the morphology of four banana varieties (Cavendish, Kepok, Raja, Klutuk) from the Yogyakarta Banana Germplasm Garden and analyze the total flavonoid content (TFC) in banana peels. Morphological characterization was conducted following the IPGRI descriptor list, and TFC was measured spectrophotometrically and expressed as mg Quercetin Equivalent per gram (mgQE/g). The results revealed distinct morphological profiles for each variety, with the wild-type Klutuk banana exhibiting the tallest pseudostem and seedy fruit. The TFC analysis showed a significant variation, where Klutuk peel had the highest content (0.453 mg QE/g), followed by Kepok (0.386 mg QE/g), Cavendish (0.146 mg QE/g), and Raja (0.139 mg QE/g). The high flavonoid content in the morphologically distinct Klutuk variety suggests a correlation between its wild morphological traits and enhanced production of defensive phytochemicals. These findings underscore the value of morphological data for identifying cultivars with high nutraceutical potential, promoting the utilization of banana peel waste as a source of natural antioxidants.
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF WAXY GENE MARKERS IN SORGHUM CROSSES KD4 AND BONTEB GUNUNGKIDUL Muazam, Arif; Kristamtini, Kristamtini; Widyayanti, Setyorini; Nugraha, Yudhistira; Sri Kasiamdari, Rina; Budi Setiadi Daryono
BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 3 (2025): BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 3 December 2025
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2025.32.3.2457

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS- Local sorghum crosses show unique fixation of the waxy starch gene allele- Only Wxc allele is expressed, while other waxy alleles are not detected- Waxy allele expression strongly relates to low amylose grain quality- Marker-based selection supports breeding of soft-textured sorghum- Findings enhance sorghum use for food, feed, and industrial applicationsABSTRACTSorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is a food crop exhibiting resilience to extreme environmental conditions and potential to develop as an alternative food source. Quality of sorghum seeds is significantly influenced by starch composition in endosperm regulated by waxy (Wx) gene. This gene has several major alleles: Wxa, Wxb, and Wxc, playing roles in amylopectin and amylose syntheses. The purpose of study is to analyze the expression of Wx alleles in the crossbreeding of sorghum cultivars KD4 and Bonteb Gunungkidul. Main method used was molecular marker-based PCR method. Leaf and seed samples of sorghum were collected and extracted using the CTAB method to obtain high-quality genomic DNA. PCR reactions were performed with specific primers for each allele, and the amplification results were analyzed through 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was performed to ensure result significance through: Chi-Square Test to determine relationships between waxy allele expression with genetic segregation within cross populations, Allele Frequency Analysis to determine distribution of waxy genotypes within populations by comparing counts showing expressions of Wxa, Wxb, and Wxc, and Pearson Correlation Test to evaluate relationships between waxy gene expression with specific agronomic traits (e.g., amylose content). Main findings showed that only Wxc allele did exhibit a clear amplification band, while Wxa and Wxb did not show significant expression. Further studies are needed to understand the regulation of Wx gene expression and its potential implications to molecular selection, ultimately enhancing sorghum quality for both food and industrial applications.
Aktivitas Antagonistik Bakteri PGPR Citrobacter freundii dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa terhadap Patogen Tular Tanah Padi Harvianti, Yuniar; Kasiamdari, Rina Sri
Filogeni: Jurnal Mahasiswa Biologi Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Januari-April
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/filogeni.v6i1.60141

Abstract

Hawar pelepah salah satu penyakit penting tanaman padi yang disebabkan oleh cendawan patogen tular tanah yang mampu menyebabkan kehilangan hasil panen hingga 50%. Salah satu pendekatan pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan adalah melalui pemanfaatan bakteri rhizosfer sebagai agen biokontrol, khususnya kelompok Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi dua spesies bakteri, Citrobacter freundii LMG 3246 dari sawah organik dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa dari sawah nonorganik tanaman padi kultivar Ciherang di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen hawar pelepah padi secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan isolasi dan identifikasi molekuler cendawan patogen penyebab hawar pelepah padi kemudian menguji potensi bakteri rhizosfer melalui penghambatan hifa dan perkecambahan sklerotia cendawan patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cendawan patogen penyebab hawar pelepah padi memiliki kesamaan dengan spesies Rhizoctonia solani isolate VC 268 dengan nilai query cover 100% dan identity 99,43%. Aktivitas penghambatan R. solani melalui uji dual culture bersama isolat C. freundii strain LMG 3246 dan P. aeruginosa strain FC1384 berkisar 57,06% dan 85,53% setelah 7 hari inkubasi, serta penghambatan perkecambahan sklerotia sebesar 100%. Temuan ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk aplikasi pengembangan biofertilizer dengan memanfaatkan potensi bakteri rhizosfer PGPR terhadap strategi pengendalian hayati penyakit hawar pelepah serta meningkatkan produktivitas padi melalui pemanfaatan bakteri rhizosfer sebagai agen biokontrol.
Intraspecific Variation of Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh from Sundaland, Indonesia, Based on Morphological Characters Nurmiyati Nurmiyati; Sutarno Sutarno; Rina Sri Kasiamdari; Purnomo Purnomo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2026): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.31.2.113-123

Abstract

Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh is a keystone species in tropical waters' ecosystems and is characterized by high morphological plasticity. The Sundaland region, which consists of a wide range of oceanographic conditions, offers diverse microhabitats that may promote complex patterns of phenotypic variation. However, studies on intraspecific variation of S. polycystum in this region are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the morphological variation of S. polycystum at ten locations in Sundaland and identify key diagnostic characters that drive population differentiation. A total of 200 individuals were analyzed using 37 morphological characters. Phenotypic relationships were mapped using UPGMA cluster analysis with Gower Similarity Index and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed relatively homogeneous water chemistry parameters across sites, whereas physical characteristics varied among locations. Quantitative traits were uniform across populations (p = 0.99), suggesting growth stability associated with nutritional homogeneity. UPGMA analysis separated populations into two groups based on habitat typology. PCA showed that phylloid margin shape and vesicle morphology were the main diagnostic characters. Intertidal populations were characterized by serrated phylloids and densely spined primary branches, which likely function as drag-reducing mechanisms, whereas subtidal populations developed winged vesicles to enhance buoyancy. These findings suggest a segregation mechanism, where morphological variation in S. polycystum is driven by phenotypic plasticity to environmental physical constraints, regardless of water chemistry. A comprehensive understanding of these microhabitat-based ecological adaptation patterns provides important fundamental information for resolving macroalgal taxonomy, while simultaneously supporting sustainable coastal resource management and conservation strategies in tropical waters.  
Co-Authors ', Padil AA Sudharmawan, AA Achmadi Priyatmojo Adiana Nayogyani Ali Djamhuri Ali, Nur Ayu Aisyah Ana Susianti Ani Widiastuti, Ani Arliani, Hida Auli, Nisa Raudatul Ayundai, Melin Ayundai, Melin BUDI SETIADI DARYONO BUDI SETIADI DARYONO C. J. Soegihardjo C.J. Soegihardjo C.J. SOEGIHARDJO C.J. Soegihardjo Chasanah, Laila Uswatun Dhia Salsabila Hakim Dian Fitriarni Ekowati , Nuraeni Elzahra Nadya Putri ENDANG SUTARININGSIH SOETARTO Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto Erni Martani Erni Martani Febriani, Anya Via Ganies Riza Aristya Harvianti, Yuniar Hasnaul Maritsa I Gusti Wayan Murjana Yasa Inayati, Evi Indra Sukmawati Junita Hardini Khaterine K Kristamtini Kristamtini, Kristamtini Kusrinah Kusrinah Kusrinah Kusrinah Laila Hanum Maulin Nafisa Miftahul Ilmi, Miftahul Muazam, Arif Muslikhin Hidayat Nita Aminasih Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati, Nuraeni Nurmiyati Nurmiyati Nursamsi Pusposendjojo Nursamsi Pusposendjojo Nursamsi Pusposendjojo Nursamsi Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi Nursela, Dewi Padil, Padil Purnomo Purnomo Purnomo Purnomo Pusposendjojo , Nursamsi Putranto, Dwiyandito Ikhsan Putri, Elzahra Nadya Putri, Fauzana Putri, Fauzana R. Rugayah Ratna Stia Dewi Ratna Stia Dewi Reine Suci Wulandari Rejeki Siti Ferniah Retno Peni Sancayaningsih RETNO PENI SANCAYANINGSIH Retno Peni Sancayaningsih Ristiyani Khofifa Putri ROSA SURYANTINI Rugayah Rugayah S. Daryono, Budi S. Santosa Santosa . Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Sari, Noorkomala Setyorini Widyayanti, Setyorini Singgih Tri Wardana Siti Syamsiah Siti Syamsiah Soegihardjo , C.J. Soekarti Moeljopawiro Soekarti Moeljopawiro, Soekarti Suharno Suharno Supriyadi Supriyadi Susiana Purwantisari Sutarno Sutarno Sutikno S Syaifudin, Andang Syamsiah, Siti Widiastuti, Ani Yekti Asih Purwestri Yudhistira Nugraha Zakaria Zakaria