Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 8 Documents
Search
Journal : Medula

RISK FACTORS FOR PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS COINFECTION IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS Ildha Rosendy Kurnianda; Apriliana, Ety; Putri, Giska Tri; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1318

Abstract

Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. In Indonesia, tuberculosis (TB) is an opportunistic infection that most often occurs in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). HIV infection increases susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, thereby increasing the risk of developing TB. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that TB causes 13% of deaths in AIDS sufferers. Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection occurs when a person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV at the same time. People with HIV have a 30 times greater risk of suffering from TB than people who are not infected with HIV. There is a significant relationship between these two infections, where each infection accelerates the development of the other infection. HIV infection can trigger reactivation of latent TB into active TB, while TB infection can worsen the clinical condition of patients who have been infected with HIV. The aim of this study was to determine various risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients. The method used is qualitative with literature study as a data collection technique. The results obtained were alcohol consumption and extra-pulmonary TB, education level, monthly income, occupation, family history of PTB, lack of appetite, balanced diet, maintaining healthy nutrition, smoking, and stopping taking medication if you felt the condition was under control and the incidence of PTB were factors associated with an increase in pulmonary tuberculosis co-infection..
The Effect of Focus Group Discussions on Enhancing Adolescent Knowledge of Reproductive Health Salsabila, Karina Adra; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis; Kusumaningtyas, Intan; Saftarina, Fitria
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1331

Abstract

Adolescents are individuals who have a great sense of curiosity, which can increase the risk of sexual and reproductive health issues. Adolescence is also experience puberty, in which the reproductive organs mature significantly. If these organs are not properly taken care, they can lead to various reproductive health issues. To prevent these issues, Various efforts are needed to increase adolescents' knowledges about reproductive health. One such effort can be giving health education using a method like Focus Group Discussion (FGD). This study aims to examine the impact of health education using the FGD method on improving knowledge about reproductive health among adolescents. The method that used in this study is a literature review. several literatures such as journals collected and analyzed them based on the findings from those studies. This research uses 8 journals, which consist  7 experimental research journals and 1 non-experimental research journal. The results, based on the analysis of these 8 previous studies, showed an improvement in the mean, median, as well as the minimum-maximum values before and after the intervention using the FGD method. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant difference in the improvement of adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health before and after receiving health education through the FGD method.
Manifestasi Klinis Infeksi Parasi Usus pada Anak: Literature Review Nirwan, Qurratul Aina; Mutiara, Hanna; Suharmanto, Suharmanto; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1394

Abstract

Intestinal parasitic infection is a disease that still neglated, more likely found in developing countries. This infection is caused by a group of intestinal protozoa and worms, generally intestinal nematodes. In children, the STH group is the most common cause of infection. Infection often occurs via the fecal-oral route. Children more often consume infective stages to other age groups due to their poor hygiene behavior.  Intestinal parasitic infections in children can cause high mortality and mobility. This infection causes a decline in health conditions, nutritional absorption, intelligence and productivity. This can simultaneously cause disruption of growth and development in children. These manifestations are related to the virulence of the parasite strain, the number of infective stages consumed, the age of the patient, and the state of the immune system at the time of infection. Apart from that, the manifestations that arise are widespread, asymptomatic to chronic. The manifestions are related to the digestive tract as the target organ of infections. However, manifestations can also be found outside the digestive tract. This is because organisms move to other organs through blood vessels. Manifestations that arise in the digestive tract are usually nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea which is sometimes accompanied by blood. Not only that, weakness, fatigue, lethargy, and eating disorders are the manifestation of these infections. This is what causes growth and development disorders in children. Meanwhile, the extraintestinal mainifestations are liver abscess due to amoeba infection, Loeffler syndrome due to Ascaris lumbricoides infection and other manifestations. Usually, the intestinal nematoda infections caused have their own characteristics.
Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan Trigeminal Neuralgia Zefanya, Ezekial; Berawi, Khairun Nisa; Septiani, Linda; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1411

Abstract

Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is a sudden pain in the facial area, short duration for about one second to two minutes, being-stabbed feels like, and occurs repeatedly in one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Type 1 (one) as intermittent pain and type 2 (two) as constant pain with different clinical, pathological, and prognostic complaints. The causes of Trigeminal Neuralgia involve peripheral pathology in the roots (compression or traction), brainstem dysfunction, basal ganglia, and cortical pain modulation mechanisms, but the most common is due to neurovascular factors. The diagnosis of Trigeminal Neuralgia is basically clinical, to rule out secondary causes, detect pathological changes in the affected roots and neurovascular compression (NPC), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be used. The choice of first-line drug therapy is carbamazepine, and for the second line patient may use oxcarbazepine, baclofen, lamotrigine, phenytoin, and topiramate. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the surgical treatment of choice for TN that is resistant to medical management. Patients with significant medical comorbidities, without neurovascular compression and multiple sclerosis are generally advised to undergo gamma knife radiosurgery, percutaneous balloon compression, glycerol rhizotomy, and radiofrequency thermocoagulation procedures. The most effective medical therapy is with carbamazepine with a reported reduction in facial pain after taking it as much as 47 percent. For patients who do not respond to medical treatment, microvascular decompression surgery is performed with an effectiveness rate in patients as much as 90 percent.
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Syndrome Dyspepsia Pada Remaja Putri Habsari, Maharani Kusuma; Angraini, Dian Isti; Yuningrum, Hesti; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1266

Abstract

One of the most common non-communicable diseases is dyspepsia syndrome. A collection of symptoms in the upper gastrointestinal tract known as dyspepsia syndrome includes pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal area, a burning sensation in the chest, a feeling of fullness and early satiety, nausea, and vomiting. Indonesia ranks third after the United States as the country with the highest prevalence of dyspepsia syndrome, reaching 40–50%. Various risk factors, such as age, gender, dietary patterns, breakfast habits, consumption of spicy and sour foods, fast food, irritative beverages (soda, coffee, alcohol), exercise habits, smoking, nutritional status, and socioeconomic factors, can lead to the occurrence of dyspepsia syndrome. Adolescence is one of the risk factors that influence the occurrence of dyspepsia syndrome. Adolescents who are at higher risk of developing dyspepsia syndrome are those of the female gender. Teenage girls are more likely to pay attention to body shape and have a desire to emulate their online idols, which can lead them to adopt strict diets and irregular eating habits. Excessive physical activity contributes to the poor eating habits and breakfast habits of teenagers. The consumption of unhealthy foods, such as spicy and sharp-flavoured dishes, will increase stomach acid production. Stress in adolescents can be one of the triggers for dyspepsia syndrome. Prolonged stress can disrupt the digestive system and cause symptoms in healthy individuals. Every teenager with a busy schedule must be able to manage their time and schedule to avoid dyspepsia syndrome by bringing a packed lunch during activities.
Hubungan Antara Jenis Kelamin dengan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran: Tinjauan Pustaka Firdausy, Daniatul; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis; Larasati, Ratri Mauluti; Pramesona, Bayu Anggileo
Medula Vol 14 No 12 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i12.1413

Abstract

Anxiety is one of the mental disorders often experienced by medical students due to high academic pressure. Factors that influence anxiety include biological, psychological, and social aspects. This study aims to determine the relationship between gender and anxiety levels in medical students. The method used is a literature review with a total sampling technique, in which four selected journals from the period 2015–2025 were analyzed. The results showed that female students have higher levels of anxiety compared to male students. This is due to several factors, such as hormonal differences, where estrogen plays a role in the regulation of serotonin which affects anxiety, and differences in emotional responses, where women are more likely to use emotion-based coping strategies. In addition, greater social pressure on women also contributes to their high levels of anxiety. The impact of high anxiety on students can affect academic achievement, concentration, and overall mental health. Therefore, it is important for educational institutions to provide psychological support and effective stress management programs to help students, especially women, manage anxiety. With the right intervention, it is hoped that medical students can be better prepared to face academic and professional challenges without experiencing significant psychological disorders.
Penggunaan OAINS sebagai Faktor Risiko Dispepsia Wahidah, Putri Kamila; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis; Iyos, Rekha Nova
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1414

Abstract

Dyspepsia is a syndrome characterized by a collection of symptoms such as epigastric discomfort, burning sensation, nausea, vomiting, bloating and satiety. These symptoms can be chronic and recur frequently, requiring long-term therapy. If left untreated, dyspepsia can interfere with daily activities and increase medical costs. In Indonesia, the prevalence of dyspepsia is increasing significantly, with major risk factors including irregular diet, alcohol consumption, stress, and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Long-term use of NSAIDs can damage the gastric mucosa, increase gastric acid production, and cause gastrointestinal complications such as peptic ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. The main mechanism of NSAID side effects involves inhibition of the COX-1 enzyme which reduces the production of protective prostaglandins in the gastric mucosa. In addition, some patients with a history of gastric disease are more susceptible to side effects due to NSAIDs. Therefore, preventive strategies such as the use of selective COX-2 inhibitors and the combination of NSAIDs with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective approaches in reducing the risk of dyspepsia and related complications. The impact of dyspepsia is not only physical but also affects mental, social and emotional aspects. Sleep disturbances and anxiety are common in people with chronic dyspepsia, which can reduce productivity and quality of life.
Hubungan antara Postur Kerja dan Keluhan Muskuloskeletal pada Pekerja Kantoran : Literature Review Ramadhan, Yasmine Aulia; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis; Komala, Ramadhana; Berawi, Khairunnisa
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1442

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are commonly experienced by office workers, particularly those who spend long hours working in front of computers with non-ergonomic postures. Frequent complaints such as pain in the neck, back, arms, and wrists are often caused by unsupported sitting positions or the use of work equipment that does not adhere to ergonomic principles. An evaluation to understand the relationship between work posture and musculoskeletal complaints among office workers is necessary to assess its risk level for MSDs.. One effective method to assess MSD risk is the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA). This method evaluates three key aspects of the work environment: chair design, monitor position, and the placement of the mouse and keyboard, all of which significantly impact worker comfort and health. The assessment assigns scores to each element to determine the level of risk. Studies reveal that many workers face high risks due to non-ergonomic working postures, which directly contribute to musculoskeletal complaints. Implementing ergonomic principles, such as using chairs that support proper posture, adjusting desk height to match the worker's stature, and optimizing computer device arrangements, is crucial to reducing these risks. Additionally, incorporating breaks for stretching into work schedules is strongly recommended. These measures not only alleviate MSD complaints but also enhance workplace comfort and overall productivity.