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Divorce Mediation at Panyabungan Religious Court: Transforming the Desire for Divorce into Reconciliation through Cultural Values in Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence Sebyar, Muhamad Hasan; Jafar, Wahyu Abdul; Harahap, Sumper Mulia; Putra, Dedisyah; Efendi, Rahmad
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic University of Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri, Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/mnh.v19i1.12255

Abstract

Divorce mediation has emerged as a practical approach to resolving marital disputes, transforming the desire for divorce into an opportunity for reconciliation within contemporary Islamic jurisprudence and cultural contexts. This process highlights the growing importance of integrating cultural values into legal dispute-resolution mechanisms, particularly in Muslim societies where local traditions significantly influence family dynamics. This article assesses the effectiveness of divorce mediation in Indonesia, focusing on its role in reducing conflict, fostering post-divorce cooperation, and supporting the psychological well-being of couples involved. A mixed-methods approach combines quantitative surveys of 111 couples who participated in mediation with in-depth interviews with three professional mediators. Reconciliation was evaluated based on participants' perceptions of post-divorce interactions, particularly their communication and co-parenting abilities. The study acknowledges limitations, such as purposive sampling, which restricts generalizability, and reliance on self-reported data that may introduce bias. Results show that 75% of couples experienced reduced conflict, 95% were satisfied with the outcomes, and 60% reported continued cooperation three years post-divorce. The study emphasizes the role of mediators, structured negotiation processes, and cultural values in successful mediation, recommending improved mediator training and culturally sensitive approaches.
IMPLIKASI OVERKAPASITAS HUNIAN PADA LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS IIB MUARA TEWEH Pratama, Dayan; Sebyar , Muhamad Hasan
Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 6 (2024): Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora
Publisher : Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora

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Abstract

Implikasi Overkapasitas hunian Narapidana/Tahanan menimbulkan masalah yang sangat signifikan pada Lapas, di karenakan jumlah hunian Narapidana/tahanan tidak sebanding dengan kapasitas Sarana Lapas yang ada dan sangat mempengaruhi pada proses pembinaan di dalam Lapas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Tujuan untuk mengetahui Penyebab dari Overkapasitas hunian, Bagaimana dampak yang terjadi akibat Overkapasitas hunian, dan Upaya yang dilakukan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (LAPAS) Kelas IIB Muara Teweh untuk menanganinya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Hukum Empiris dengan Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu Pendekatan Sosisologi dan Psikologi Hukum. Metode Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan data Primer dan Sekunder, dimana Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara lalu Data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen resmi dan literatur terkait. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LAPAS Kelas IIB Muara Teweh mengalami Overkapasitas hunian yang signifikan, yang berdampak negatif pada Kekuatan Pengamanan, terhambatnya proses pembinaan, masalah kesehatan narapidana/tahanan dan keterbatasan tempat para warga binaan untuk bergerak dan beristirahat. Penyebab utama dari Overkapasitas yang terjadi pada LAPAS Kelas IIB Muara Teweh yaitu LAPAS Muara Teweh menampung Narapidana/tahanan dari 2 Kabupaten sekaligus, belum ada Rumah Tahanan (RUTAN) di kota Muara Teweh, Kebijakan Pemidanaan, Kurangnya Alternatif Pemidanaan, tahap Praperadilan, tingkat Residivis masih tinggi, banyaknya Narapidana kasus Narkotika, dan Kapasitas kamar hunian LAPAS yang tak sebanding dengan jumlah Hunian yang masuk.
KAJIAN HUKUM YURIDIS TENTANG EKSISTENSI KEPEMILIKAN TANAH YANG BELUM BERSERTIFIKAT Ratu, Yulia; Sebyar, Muhammad Hasan
Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 7 (2024): Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora
Publisher : Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora

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Abstract

Permasalahan dan risiko apabila tanah tanpa memiliki sertifikat kepemilikan tanah seperti memiliki risiko lebih tinggi terhadap sengketa karena kurangnya bukti kepemilikan yang kuat. Selain itu, permasalahannya juga dapat ditinjau dari kesulitannya transaksi. Tanah yang tidak bersertifikat sulit untuk dijual, dijaminkan, atau digunakan dalam transaksi resmi lainnya. Selanjutnya, hal yang sering terjadi adalah tanah tanpa sertifikat rentan terhadap klaim oleh pihak lain yang mungkin memiliki bukti kepemilikan yang lebih kuat atau menggunakan kekuatan hukum. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah tinjauan keberadaan/eksisnya hak milik atas tanah yang belum memiliki sertifikat, dan bagaimana prosedur hukum untuk mendapatkan kepemilikan tanah yang tidak ada sertifikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif. Penelitian yang berfokus pada analisis terhadap aturan-aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, dan doktrin hukum yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, yurisprudensi, dan literatur hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi kepemilikan tanah tanpa sertifikat diakui dalam sistem hukum Indonesia yang diatur dalam UUPA, Pasal 18B ayat 2 UUD 1945, serta daluwarsa dalam pasal 1963 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Adapun pendaftaran pertanahan telah diatur dalam PP (peraturan pemerintah) 1997 Pasal 3(1) dengan tahapan dimulai dari persiapan dokumen, pengajuan permohonan (formulir, dan dokumen pendukung), analisa data yuridis dan fisik, pengumuman, penerbitan sertifikat, pengambilan sertifikat, serta proses percepatan dengan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL).
Facing Divorce with Family Resilience: Challenges and Post-Mediation Solutions in the Panyabungan Religious Court Sebyar, Muhamad Hasan; Azizah, Nur
Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman Vol 28, No 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29300/madania.v28i2.5842

Abstract

Divorce is a growing social phenomenon in Indonesia and has a negative impact not only on the couple concerned, but also on children and society. One of the efforts to prevent divorce is through mediation, where couples are facilitated to resolve conflicts without having to go through a lengthy process. However, despite the success of mediation, challenges in maintaining family resilience after mediation remain. This study aims to identify the factors that affect family resilience after mediation and strategies that can be applied to strengthen the couple's relationship after mediation. This research is an empirical legal research, using a legal sociology approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with couples who had gone through the mediation process in divorce cases, participatory observation, and document analysis. The analysis was carried out by thematic coding to identify factors that affect family resilience. The results show that family resilience after mediation is influenced by factors such as effective communication, restoration of trust, loyalty and commitment, as well as support from extended family. In addition, some strategies that can be applied to strengthen family resilience are post-mediation counseling, communication skills development, mentoring from third parties, and social support. Although mediation has succeeded in stopping divorce, couples still need to work hard to maintain their family's resilience by implementing the right strategies. Support from external parties and strong commitment from the spouse are essential to maintain harmony in the future household. Perceraian adalah fenomena sosial yang semakin meningkat di Indonesia dan berdampak negatif tidak hanya pada pasangan yang bersangkutan, tetapi juga pada anak-anak dan masyarakat. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah perceraian adalah melalui mediasi, di mana pasangan difasilitasi untuk menyelesaikan konflik tanpa harus melalui proses yang panjang. Namun, meskipun mediasi berhasil, tantangan dalam mempertahankan ketahanan keluarga pasca mediasi tetap ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan keluarga pasca mediasi dan strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk memperkuat hubungan pasangan setelah mediasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris, dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi hukum. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pasangan yang telah melalui proses mediasi dalam kasus perceraian, observasi partisipatif, serta analisis dokumen. Analisis dilakukan dengan pengkodean tematik untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan keluarga pasca mediasi dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti komunikasi efektif, pemulihan kepercayaan, kesetiaan dan komitmen, serta dukungan dari keluarga besar. Selain itu, beberapa strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk menguatkan ketahanan keluarga adalah konseling pasca mediasi, pengembangan keterampilan komunikasi, pendampingan dari pihak ketiga, dan dukungan sosial. Meskipun mediasi berhasil menghentikan perceraian, pasangan masih perlu bekerja keras untuk mempertahankan ketahanan keluarga mereka dengan menerapkan strategi-strategi yang tepat. Dukungan dari pihak eksternal dan komitmen yang kuat dari pasangan sangat penting untuk menjaga harmoni rumah tangga di masa depan.
Application of the Consumer Protection Law in Electronic Transactions Wibowo, Heri; Sebyar, Muhamad Hasan
Indonesian Journal of Applied and Industrial Sciences (ESA) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/esa.v3i3.9271

Abstract

This research aims to determine the implementation of consumer protection laws in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a normative legal research method with a statutory approach. The data collection technique is literature study. The data in this research uses primary and secondary data. The research results show that the implementation of the law in this Law is carried out through several steps, including (1) enforcing special regulations created to regulate consumer rights and obligations in relation to electronic transactions, (2) the government taking firm action against violations of consumer rights in electronic transactions involving law enforcement officials. (3) increase consumer awareness. Various initiatives educate and inform consumers about their rights and potential risks and how they can protect themselves when making online transactions.
Harmonization of Islamic Legal Institutions and Customary Law in Marriage Dispensation Cases at the Panyabungan Religious Court Sebyar, Muhamad Hasan
MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): MILREV: Metro Islamic Law Review
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, IAIN Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/milrev.v2i2.7809

Abstract

Harmonization between customary law and Islamic law (fiqh) has long occurred in our homeland. This study aims to illustrate the harmonization between Islamic legal institutions and customary institutions. This research is an empirical legal research, empirical legal research is research whose object of research is the practice of legal events or occurrences. The approach used in this study is a socio-legal approach, that used to analyze the social interactions between the Panyabungan Religious Court and customary institutions in implementing age dispensation. The results of this study show that this harmonization had run well between Islamic legal institutions and customary institutions. There is harmonization of existing norms or rules that apply in society. In substance making Islam more widespread in society and the state, from the understanding of classical jurisprudence to other legal products namely qadla, Islamic Law in substance continued to develop and acquire all regulations towards the rule of Islamic law as a whole. The similarity of certain functions within the customary law system, the Islamic legal system, and the national legal system according to the scope of their duties determines the extent to which harmonization occurs. The method of harmonization between Islamic law and customary law can be achieved in three ways, namely first; Harmonization of understanding, Second; Harmonization is carried out actively,Third; Passive harmonization.
Copyright as a Waqf Object in the Context of Fiqh and Positive Law Sukiati, Sukiati; Rahmadany, Rahmadany; Sebyar, Muhamad Hasan; Harahap, Purnama Hidayah; Man, Yovenska L
AL-ISTINBATH : Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 8 No 1 May (2023)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/jhi.v8i1.6696

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the position of copyright as a waqf object from the perspective of fiqh and positive law. This study was literature research with a normative approach. The data collection technique used in this study is the documentation technique. At the same time, the analysis technique in this study used descriptive inductive techniques. The results of this study indicated that copyright is protected by Sharia law. The owner has the right and authority over his or her copyright and is protected by the rules and laws. Copyright as a waqf object is permitted by Islamic law as long as the requirements for a waqf object are met. This is reinforced by the decision of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) number 1 MUNAS/VII/5/2005, which allows Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) as a waqf object. The permissibility of copyright as a waqf object is also supported by positive law, i.e. Law No. 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf and Government Regulation No. 42 of 2006. In addition, copyright as part of IPRs fulfils the criteria of a waqf object, i.e. a valuable asset permissible by Sharia law whose ownership rights are transferrable. Accordingly, IPRs are legally used as a waqf object, and such rights should not be violated.
Harmonization of Various Institutions in Preventing and Overcoming the Impact of Child Marriage Muhamad Hasan Sebyar; Tauhid Tauhid; Fauzul Fil Amri
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v22i2.2476

Abstract

Marriage dispensation is an alternative to resolve the issue of marriage at the age of under 19 years. However, the decision to grant marriage dispensation may have a negative impact on household harmony, eventually resulting in divorce. To overcome this issue, judges are authorized to reduce the adverse effects of under-aged marriage. This study aimed to identify and analyze the harmonization between the Panyabungan Religious Court and other institutions in preventing and reducing the impact of child marriage dispensation. This research employed the legal and the socio-legal approaches. The legal approach was used to analyze the marriage dispensation decision at the Panyabungan Religious Court, while the socio-legal approach was used to analyze the social interactions that occurred between the Religious Court and other institutions. The results of this study indicated that the harmonization between the Panyabungan Religious Court and other institutions with common functions and purposes in the prevention and mitigation the impact of child marriage dispensation is considered to be good. Collaboration was already in motion between the Customary Institution and KUA (the Office of Religious Affairs) or the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Further collaboration with the Health Office, Education Office, Manpower Office, Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Office, Family Planning Office, and MUI (Indonesian Ulama Council) of Mandailing Natal Regency needs to be explored in the future. It is hoped that this cooperation will occur not only in the Panyabungan Religious Court but in all the Religious Courts throughout Indonesia.
Marlojong Custom Contribution In Marriage Dispensation Case At Panyabungan Religious Court Muhamad Hasan Sebyar; Pagar Pagar; Sukiati Sukiati
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v21i1.2660

Abstract

Judges at Panyabungan Religious Court explored the prevailing values in society by consulting traditional figures, also known as hatobangon. This is a common practice when a marriage is based on marlojong custom. This study aimed to examine the contribution of customary laws in marriage dispensation decision at Panyabungan Religious Court by using the legal approach and the socio-legal approach. The legal approach was used to analyze marriage dispensation verdict at Panyabungan Religious Court. The socio-legal approach was used to analyze the social interactions that occur between the Religious Courts and customary institutions. The results of this study indicated that traditional leaders play an important role in providing legal advice in society. In cases of underage marriages, usually hatobangon (traditional leaders) propose two options; unregistered marriage or marriage dispensation application. In the latter case, hatobangon play their role assisting in the marriage dispensation request. Well-educated or knowledgeable hatobangon typically recommend submitting a request for marriage dispensation to Panyabungan Religious Court. This hatobangon statement letter serves as one of the requirements for the judge’s approval of marriage dispensation request. The contribution of customary laws reflects a manifestation of the prevailing Islamic values in society. Customary laws provide an alternative way to resolve marriage dispensation cases in the society and are used as an evaluation tool in stipulating a court decision. In addition, customary laws aid the public in understanding the inclusion of the Islamic laws in the state laws, such as age limit for marriage.
Operationalizing Zakat as A Social Welfare Instrument: A Normative–Sociological Analysis of Pancasila Values in Indonesia Orlando, Galih; Sebyar, Muhamad Hasan; Irham, M. Iqbal; Asmuni, Asmuni
Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman Vol 29, No 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29300/madania.v29i2.9275

Abstract

Zakat, as a central pillar of Islamic socio-economic justice, serves not only as a religious obligation but also as a mechanism for redistributing wealth and promoting social welfare. In Indonesia, where Pancasila functions as the national ideology and moral compass of development, the implementation of zakat reflects a convergence between faith-based ethics and state-based welfare ideals. This study examines zakat as a social welfare instrument that operationalizes the philosophical values of Pancasila within Indonesia’s pluralistic welfare system. While existing studies largely focus on the economic or administrative dimensions of zakat, this research contributes by conceptualizing zakat as an ideological and ethical mechanism that bridges Islamic moral economy and state-based welfare principles. Employing a qualitative normative–sociological approach, the study analyzes Islamic legal sources, national zakat regulations, particularly Law No. 23 of 2011 on Zakat Management, and institutional practices of the National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) through document analysis and institutional interpretation. The findings demonstrate that zakat implementation in Indonesia embodies Pancasila values through three integrative dimensions: spiritual justice grounded in belief in One Almighty God, social solidarity reflecting humanitarian and communal ethics, and distributive justice aligned with the fifth principle of Pancasila—social justice for all Indonesian people. This study argues that the zakat–Pancasila nexus offers an inclusive and ethically grounded welfare model, providing both theoretical insights for Islamic legal studies and practical implications for public welfare governance in Indonesia. Zakat, sebagai salah satu pilar utama keadilan sosial-ekonomi Islam, tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai kewajiban keagamaan, tetapi juga sebagai mekanisme redistribusi kekayaan dan peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial. Di Indonesia, di mana Pancasila berfungsi sebagai ideologi nasional sekaligus pedoman moral pembangunan, pelaksanaan zakat mencerminkan titik temu antara etika berbasis keagamaan dan cita-cita kesejahteraan yang dibangun oleh negara. Penelitian ini mengkaji zakat sebagai instrumen kesejahteraan sosial yang mengoperasionalkan nilai-nilai filosofis Pancasila dalam sistem kesejahteraan Indonesia yang bersifat pluralistik. Sementara penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya umumnya menitikberatkan pada dimensi ekonomi atau administratif zakat, studi ini memberikan kontribusi dengan memposisikan zakat sebagai mekanisme ideologis dan etis yang menjembatani ekonomi moral Islam dengan prinsip-prinsip kesejahteraan berbasis negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif normatif–sosiologis dengan menganalisis sumber-sumber hukum Islam, regulasi nasional tentang zakat—khususnya Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat, serta praktik kelembagaan Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) melalui analisis dokumen dan interpretasi institusional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi zakat di Indonesia merefleksikan nilai-nilai Pancasila melalui tiga dimensi integratif, yaitu: keadilan spiritual yang berlandaskan pada Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa, solidaritas sosial yang mencerminkan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan kebersamaan, serta keadilan distributif yang selaras dengan sila kelima Pancasila, yakni keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa relasi zakat dan Pancasila menawarkan model kesejahteraan yang inklusif dan berlandaskan etika, sekaligus memberikan kontribusi teoretis bagi kajian hukum Islam serta implikasi praktis bagi tata kelola kesejahteraan publik di Indonesia