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The Compound Area of Quadrilaterals and Triangles: A Worked Example Based Learning Design Retnowati, Endah; Fadlila, Nindy
JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) Vol 7, No 1 (2023): January
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jtam.v7i1.11678

Abstract

Complex yet hierarchical mathematical material in fact does not mean that the process of schema acquisition and accommodation in long-term memory is easy. For an instance, year seven students learn to solve problems related to the compound area of quadrilaterals and triangles. This problem may be categorized as a well-structured problem, therefore, it might be procedurally obvious to reach the solution, for those who have possessed sufficient prior knowledge of the aspects of the shapes. This study aims to discuss instructional strategy for novices when learning to solve problems like these. Based on a cognitive load theory, the strategy of worked example could be applied effectively for novices. The design of the worked example must be presented in such a way it could minimize extraneous cognitive load. The composite shapes of quadrilateral and triangles might be challenging to be described in an integrated format to avoid the split attention effect. This paper shows how this can be done by using techniques, such as (1) number sequences of the solution steps; (2) different colors for prompting attention resource; (3) less wording, more procedure application; and (4) consistency of layout within overall material. In order to apply these, the instructional designers should follow ADD steps, (1) Analyze the learning content, arrange them accordingly; (2) Design one worked example, evaluate its accuracy and niche; and (3) Develop into several worked example pairs. Two worked example with paired problems have been successfully developed and declare valid. Eventually, it might be suggested that comprehensive consideration when designing worked example that contain pictures should reflects how students use their cognitive resource during learning.
The Important Role of Principal in Academic Supervision to Improve Teacher Competency in Society 5.0 Era Sukmara, Ganda; Yuliana, Lia; Retnowati, Endah; Jannah, Nita Maghfiratul
Cendekia: Kependidikan dan Kemasyarakatan Vol 21 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/cendekia.v21i2.6926

Abstract

This research analyzes theories and strategies for increasing teacher competency through academic supervision. This research used a qualitative literature review method. The collected articles were selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 120 relevant books and articles. The document findings were then analyzed and sorted into three main topics: educational supervision, teacher competency, and the era of society 5.0. After grouping the data based on the themes above, 10 articles and books were found on topics related to educational supervision, 10 articles and books on teacher competency, and 5 on the era of society 5.0. The research results show that school (madrasah) principals must have expertise and seriousness in supervising educational institutions, especially academic supervision, which aims to improve teacher competence. Academic supervision involves planning, implementation, and evaluation with the principles of objectivity and continuous improvement. With this research, it is hoped that it can be used as a model for effective academic supervision by school principals and teachers in the information technology era.