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Variasi Maksud Kata Emotif “Wela” dalam Bahasa Jawa: Perspektif Sosiopragmatik Kunjana Rahardi
Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Vol 9, No 2 (2020): Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/rnh.v9i2.2937

Abstract

This study aims to describe manifestation of the variations of  meanings of the emotive word 'wela' in Javanese language. The research data were in the form of snippets of utterances which contain variations of meanings of the Javanese emotive word 'wela'. The source of the substantive data was the daily speech of villagers in which there were manifestations of variations in the meaning of the emotive word 'wela'. The data were collected using the observation and interview method. The observation method was done by using the recording and note-taking technique. The interview method was carried out with the face-to-face interview and the indepth interviewing techniques. The next step is the data identification, data classification, and data typification. Data that had been typified were then subjected to data analysis methods and techniques, but previously triangulated to the experts. Data analysis was performed using extralingual equivalent analysis method. Through this research, six meanings of the emotive word 'wela' have been found in Javanese language, namely: (1) showing the intention of surprise, (2) showing the intention of defense, (3) showing the intention of reminding, (4) showing the intention of surprise, (5) shows the intention of relief to give thanks, (6) shows the intention of disappointment. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan variasi manifestasi maksud kata emotif ‘wela’ dalam bahasa Jawa. Data penelitian berupa cuplikan-cupkikan tuturan yang di dalamnya terkandung variasi maksud kata emotif ‘wela’. Sumber data substantifnya adalah tuturan keseharian warga masyarakat perdesaan yang di dalamnya terdapat manifestasi variasi maksud kata emotif ‘wela’. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode simak dan cakap. Metode simak dilakukan dengan teknik rekam dan catat. Metode cakap dilaksanakan dengan teknik cakap semuka dan cakap tansemuka. Langkah selanjutnya adalah identifikasi data, klasifikasi data, dan tipifikasi data. Data yang telah ditipe-tipekan lalu dikenai metode dan teknik analisis data, tetapi  sebelumnya ditriangulasikan terlebih dahulu kepada pakar. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode analisis padan ekstralingual. Melalui penelitian ini telah ditemukan enam maksud kata emotif ‘wela’dalam bahasa Jawa, yakni maksud: (1) menunjukkan maksud keterkejutan, (2) menunjukkan maksud pembelaan, (3) menunjukkan maksud mengingatkan, (4) menunjukkan maksud keheranan, (5) menenunjukkan maksud kelegaan untuk bersyukur, (6) menunjukkan maksud kekecewaan.
KATA FATIS PENANDA KETIDAKSANTUNAN PRAGMATIK DALAM RANAH KELUARGA R. Kunjana Rahardi; Yuliana Setyaningsih; Rishe Purnama Dewi
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 13, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (334.064 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/ajbs.2014.13201

Abstract

One of the pragmatic markers, which shows language impoliteness, is classified in phatic category. This research aims to analyze the phatic discourse particles serving as pragmatic markers of impoliteness. Therefore, the data in this research are the utterances containing phatic discourse markers showing linguistic impoliteness taken from the family of farmers, traders, fishermen, teachers, and noblemen. The data were gathered by employing the listening and speaking methods. The data gathering techniques are the recording and transcribing. The data are classified and analyzed using contextual method. This research indicates that there are 11 categories of phatic discourse markers showing pragmatic impoliteness. They are phatic markers of “kok”, “ah”, “hayo”, “mbok”, “lha”, “tak”, “huu”, “iih”, “woo”, “hei”, and “halah”. Every phatic category conveys a specific intention which is different from other phatic discourse markers.
Multimodalitas sebagai Perspektif Baru Pembelajaran Pragmatik Edukasional: Persepsi Urgensi Inklusinya (Multimodality as a New Perspective of Educational Pragmatic Learning: Perception of the Urgency of Inclusion) R. Kunjana Rahardi
Indonesian Language Education and Literature Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Tadris Bahasa Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/ileal.v7i2.10018

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the perception of the urgency of the components of socio-semiotic multimodality to be included in educational pragmatic learning. The theory that underlies this research is the social semiotic theory of M.A.K. Halliday. Data in the form of perceptions of aspects of social-semiotic multimodality were collected through a questionnaire. The collected data are identified, classified, and typified. The results showed that students' understanding of multimodality in the design of multimodality-based educational pragmatic learning models: was 72%, the existence of modality linguistic aspects at 52%, the inclusion of visual aspects at 68%, aural aspects in determining speech intent at 100%, the inclusion of sound aspects in determining speech intent 48 %, inclusion of gestural aspects 56%, spatial aspects required in the design of learning models 100%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi urgensi komponen-komponen multimodalitas sosial-semiotik dimasukkan dalam pembelajaran pragmatik edukasional. Teori yang mendasari penelitian ini adalah teori semiotika sosial M.A.K. Halliday. Data berupa persepsi aspek-aspek multimodalitas sosial-semiotik yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Data yang terkumpul diidentifikasi, diklasifikasi, dan ditipifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa ihwal multimodalitas dalam desain model pembelajaran pragmatik edukasional berbasis multimodalitas: 72%, eksistensi aspek linguistik modalitas 52%, inklusi aspek visual 68%, aspek aural dalam penentuan maksud tuturan 100%, inklusi aspek suara dalam penentuan maksud tuturan 48%, inklusi aspek gestural 56%, aspek spasial diperlukan dalam desain model pembelajaran 100%
Metafungsi Interpersonal Siberteks Vaksinasi Covid-19: Perspektif Multimodalitas R. Kunjana Rahardi
Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Vol 11, No 1 (2022): Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/rnh.v11i1.4196

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the interpersonal metafunctions of the Covid-19 vaccination cybertext in a multimodality perspective. The source of the locational data for this research was the posters of Covid-19 vaccination obtained from google pictures which have been downloaded and acknowledged that their citation was in accordance with applicable scientific procedures, so that they did not conflict with ethical clearance principles of internet-based research. The data of this research were in the form of speeches and graphic images contained in Covid-19 vaccination posters which contain interpersonal metafunctions. Data were collected by reading and taking notes. The method that accommodates the two data collection techniques was the observation method. Data that had been collected properly is selected to separate good data from bad data. Good data were then classified to obtain data types to be subjected to data analysis methods and techniques. Data were validated against relevant experts and theories. The data were analyzed using the extra lingual equivalent analysis method. The matching process was carried out on the extra lingual aspects. The results of this research on interpersonal metafunctions in this multimodality perspective were: (1) Interpersonal metafunctions that provide clarity on the flow of the Covid-19 vaccination, (2) Interpersonal metafunctions that motivate people to undergo Covid-19 vaccination, (3) Interpersonal metafunctions for inviting the success of the Covid-19 vaccination program, (4) Interpersonal metafunctions that provide an explanation for the impact of Covid-19 vaccination, (5) Interpersonal metafunctions invite residents to administer Covid-19 vaccinations. With the findings of metafunction in cybertext through the research, it can be emphasized that interpersonal metafunctions in a multimodality perspective can manifest in various ways. The diversity of these manifestations cannot be separated from technology as a major part of culture which determines the development of language in this new era. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan manisfetasi metafungsi interpersonal teks siber vaksinasi Covid-19 dalam perspektif multimodalitas. Sumber data lokasional penelitian ini adalah poster-poster vaksinasi Covid-19 yang diperoleh dari google pictures yang telah diunduh dan diakui penyitirannya sesuai dengan prosedur ilmiah yang berlaku, sehingga tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip etik (ethical clearance) penelitian berbasis internet. Data penelitian ini berupa tuturan dan gambar grafis yang terdapat dalam poster-poster vaksinasi Covid-19 yang di dalamnya terkandung metafungsi interpersonal. Data diperoleh di seputar waktu pelaksanaan penelitian, yakni pertengahan hingga akhir tahun 2021. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik membaca dan mencatat. Metode yang mewadahi kedua teknik pengumpulan data tersebut adalah metode simak. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dengan baik diseleksi untuk memisahkan data baik dan data nakal atau tidak baik. Data yang baik selanjutnya diklasifikasi untuk mendapatkan tipe-tipe data untuk dikenakan metode dan teknik analisis data. Data divalidasikan kepada pakar dan teori yang relevan. Data dianalisis dengan metode analisis padan ekstralingual. Lanskap pemadanan dilakukan pada aspek-aspek ekstralingualnya. Hasil penelitian metafungsi interpersonal dalam perspektif multimodalitas ini ini adalah: (1) Metafungsi interpersonal pemberi kejelasan alur pelaksanaan vaksinasi Covid-19, (2) Metafungsi interpersonal pemotivasi orang menjalani vaksinasi Covid-19, (3) Metafungsi interpersonal pengajak menyukseskan program vaksinasi Covid-19, (4) Metafungsi interpersonal pemberi penjelasan dampak vaksinasi Covid-19, (5) Metafungsi interpersonal pengajak warga melaksanakan vaksinasi Covid-19. Dengan temuan-temuan metafungsi dalam siberteks tersebut dapat ditegaskan bahwa metafungsi interpersonal dalam perspektif multimodalitas dapat bermanifestasi beragam. Keberagaman manifestasi tersebut tidak lepas dari teknologi sebagai bagian pokok dari budaya yang menjadi penentu  perkembangan bahasa di era baru sekarang ini.
KONTEKS EKSTERNAL VIRTUAL DALAM PRAGMATIK SIBER R. Kunjana Rahardi
LOA: Jurnal Ketatabahasaan dan Kesusastraan Vol 15, No 2 (2020): LOA
Publisher : Kantor Bahasa Kalimantan Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/loa.v15i2.2347

Abstract

Pragmatik sebagai cabang ilmu bahasa paling muda perlu terus-menerus didukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya. Kreativitas dan inovasi dalam menemukan persoalan dan fenomena pragmatik yang layak untuk diteliti dengan perspektif pragmatik perlu terus ditumbuhkan dan dibangkitkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan manifestasi pergeseran satu aspek penting dalam pragmatic siber, yakni konteks virtual. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah: Apakah wujud pergeseran konteks dalam perspektif pragmatik siber? Data penelitian ini adalah elemen dan fungsi konteks yang membentuk konteks virtual itu yang hadir bersama dengan tuturannya. Data dikumpulkan dan disajikan dengan menggunakan metode simak. Metode simak diterapkan dengan melaksanakan penyimakan terhadap data dan sumber data sehingga diperoleh data yang benar-benar siap dianalisis. Sebelum dianalisis, data tersebut ditriangulasi untuk memperoleh validitas data. Triangulasi dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan triangulasi teori, yakni dengan cara mengonfirmasikan data yang telah ditemukan tersebut dengan teori yang ada. Selain itu, data juga ditriangulasi pakar, yakni dengan pakar sejawat yang memang memiliki kompetensi dan kepakaran pragmatik dan konteks pragmatik. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian diklasifikasi dan ditipikasi sehingga ditemukan manifestasi data yang benar-benar siap dikenakan metode dan teknik analisis. Metode analisis yang diterapkan adalah metode padan, khususnya padan ekstralingual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat wujud-wujud pergeseran pada lima elemen konteks. Kelima wujud pergeseran tersebut disampaikan sebagai berikut: (1) penutur, mitra tutur, dan pelibat tutur lain; (2) setting suasana, waktu, dan tempat; (3) maksud dan tujuan; (4) saluran dan peranti tuturan; (5) genre dan laras tuturan. Penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi pengembangan pragmatik di Indonesia khususnya, sehingga ke depan ilmu pragmatik berkembang jauh lebih baik di negeri ini. Kata Kunci: konteks eksternal konvensional; konteks eksternal virtual; pragmatik siber
MEMERIKAN FUNGSI KONTEKS SITUASI DALAM PERSPEKTIF PRAGMATIK SIBER R. Kunjana Rahardi
Linguistik Indonesia Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Linguistik Indonesia
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/li.v40i2.286

Abstract

This research aims at describing the manifestation of situational contexts in the culture-specific pragmatic phenomena in the perspective of cyber-pragmatics. This is a qualitative research. The research data sources are authentic texts taken from social media captions containing situational contexts. The research data are elements of situational contexts found in the authentic utterances in social media captions. The research data are gathered using the observation method employing the note-taking technique. The gathered data are classified and typified to generate types of data in details. Then, the data are analyzed using the distributional analysis method and the pragmatic identity method. The distributional analysis method is used to analyze the linguistic dimensions of this research, while the pragmatic identity method, particularly extra-lingual identity, is applied to analyze the extra-linguistic dimensions of this research. The preliminary research results show that the situational contexts proposed by Geoffrey N. Leech need to be reinterpreted and redefined to adjust to the development of current situational contexts. Situational contexts are inseparable from the digital information technology because language is not immune from the impact of the technology development. Ignoring situational contexts in the perspective of cyber-pragmatics in studying language phenomena will not yield proper research results in the present-day contexts.  Keywords: cyberpragmatics, culture-specific pragmatics, konteks situasi, informasi digital
PERSEPSI URGENSI INKLUSI ASPEK-ASPEK MULTIMODALITAS DALAM DESAIN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PRAGMATIK EDUKASIONAL R. Kunjana Rahardi
LOA: Jurnal Ketatabahasaan dan Kesusastraan Vol 17, No 2 (2022): LOA
Publisher : Kantor Bahasa Kalimantan Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/loa.v17i2.4641

Abstract

 Abstrak Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan persepsi urgensi inklusi komponen-komponen multimodalitas dengan berbagai aspeknya ke dalam desin model pembelajaran pragmatik edukasional. Data penelitian kuantitatif berwujud angka-angka yang ditunjukkan dalam persentase atas respons pernyataan-pernyataan yang diberikan. Data jenis ini diperoleh dengan cara mendistribukan instrumen kuesioner melalui ‘google form’ kepada responden yang pernah mendapatkan perkuliahan pragmatik edukasional. Data kualitatif penelitian ini berupa aspek-aspek komponen konteks yang membentuk multimodalitas dan mencakup aspek linguistik, visual, spasial, gestural, dan aural. Metode pengumpulan data jenis kedua adalah metode simak dengan teknik baca dan catat khususnya untuk mendapatkan data kualitatif penelitian ini. Selanjutnya, data yang telah terkumpul diklasifikasi dan ditipifikasi serta dianalisis untuk mendapatkan angka-angka persentase persepsi urgensi inklusi dimensi-dimensi multimodalitas dalam desain model pembelajaran pragmatik edukasional. Metode analisis isi diterapkan untuk memberikan pemaknaan pada temuan-temuan angka kuantitatif berupa persentase persepsi urgensi tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi inklusi aspek-aspek multimodalitas meliputi aspek linguistik, visual, gestural, spasial, dan aural memiliki angka persentase yang sangat tinggi. Setiap aspek dipersepsi responden dengan angka persentasi setuju dan sangat setuju yang mendekati 100%. Dengan demikian dapat ditegaskan bahwa inklusi dimensi-dimensi multimodalitas dengan segala aspeknya urgen untuk dilakukan dalam pembelajaran pragmatik edukasional. Kata-kata kunci: Persepsi urgensi, dimensi-dimensi multimodalitas, pragmatik edukasional            AbstractThe purpose of this research is to describe the perception of the urgency of including multimodality components with various aspects into the design of educational pragmatic learning models. Quantitative research data are in the form of numbers that are shown in percentages of the responses to the statements given. This type of data was obtained by distributing a questionnaire instrument through the 'google form' to respondents who had received educational pragmatics lectures. The qualitative data of this study is in the form of aspects of the cybertext context components that form multimodalities which include linguistic, visual, spatial, gestural, and aural aspects. The second type of data collection method is the reading method with between the line reading and note-taking techniques, especially to obtain qualitative data for this study. Furthermore, the data that has been collected is classified and typified and analyzed to get the percentage figures for the perception of the urgency of inclusion in the multimodality dimensions of educational pragmatic learning model design. The content analysis method is applied to give meaning to the findings of the quantitative figures in the form of the percentage of the perception of urgency. The results of this study indicate that the perception of inclusion of multimodality aspects including linguistic, visual, gestural, spatial, and aural aspects has a very high percentage. Each aspect is perceived by respondents with a percentage agree and strongly agree close to 100%. Thus, it can be emphasized that the inclusion of multimodality dimensions with all its aspects is urgent to do in designing educational pragmatics learning.. Keywords: Perception of urgency, multimodality dimensions, educational pragmatics
Revitalizing the Values of Local Wisdom in the Oral Tradition of 'Nyangahatn' Dayak Kanayatn in Anthropolinguistic Perspective Felisitas Victoria Melati; R Kunjana Rahardi
JURNAL ARBITRER Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.9.2.107-117.2022

Abstract

Maintaining the value of local wisdom in a society is important to strengthen the knowledge of a community. This study aims to formulate a strategy for revitalizing the local wisdom values of the Dayak Kanayatn ‘Nyangahatn’ oral tradition. This study uses the perspective of the anthropolinguistic approach by Duranti. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, with the Ethnographic Spradley research method which is simplified into six stages. The step taken in collecting data is to determine the informant. Data was collected by observing and interviewing informants. Next, the researcher made ethnographic notes, and again asked descriptive questions to the informants. Then, the researcher conducted a structured interview analysis, and wrote an ethnography. The research data is in the form of elaboration and description of the form of local wisdom values and the formulation of strategies for revitalizing the values of local wisdom of the Dayak Kanayatn ‘Nyangahatn’ oral tradition. The results of the study show that there are five forms of the value of local wisdom in the oral tradition of ‘Nyangahatn’; 1) The value of human relationship with God; 2) The value of human relations with others; 3) The value of human relations with ancestors/ancestors; 4) The value of a happy life for the deceased; 5) The value of human relations with the natural environment. Furthermore, the revitalization strategy can be carried out by the local community by documenting the traditions and values of local wisdom into writing in the form of books; through local arts education (studio); take action by carrying out traditional ceremonial celebrations every year; implement the values of local wisdom in life.
URGENSI PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR MORFOLOGI KONTEKSTUAL BERBASIS MULTIMODALITAS Jasmine Belinda Budijanto; Yuliana Setyaningsih; R. Kunjana Rahardi
Fon : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Fon: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/fon.v18i1.4837

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan urgensi dari pengembangan bahan ajar morfologi kontekstual berbasis multimodalitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian mix-method. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa dan dokumen berupa rencana pembelajaran semester mata kuliah morfologi. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil pengisian angket dan hasil analisis dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dalam menganalisis data yang diperoleh. Data angket dianalisis menggunakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, sedangkan hasil analisis dokumen dianalisis dengan menggunakan kualitatif. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, peneliti menemukan bahwa mahasiswa mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar morfologi. Kesulitan terbesar mahasiswa adalah mempelajari morfem, morf, alomorf, dan afiksasi. Untuk membantu mahasiswa, sudah terdapat beberapa buku yang membantu, seperti buku ajar morfologi dan buku referensi. Akan tetapi, buku ajar tersebut belum terintegrasi dengan multimodalitas sehingga mahasiswa masih mengalami kesulitan untuk memahami morfologi. Oleh karenanya, diperlukan bahan ajar morfologi yang kontekstual dan terintegrasi dengan multimodalitas. Dengan adanya bahan ajar morfologi kontekstual berbasis multimodalitas, mahasiswa menjadi lebih mudah memahami morfologi. KATA KUNCI: bahan ajar; morfologi kontekstual; multimodalitas. THE URGENCY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMODALITY-BASED CONTEXTUAL MORPHOLOGY TEACHING MATERIALS ABSTRACT: This study aims to describe the urgency of developing multimodality-based contextual morphology teaching materials. This study uses a mix-method research. The subjects of this study were students and documents in the form of semester learning plans for morphology subjects. The data obtained are the results of filling out the questionnaire and the results of document analysis. Data collection techniques used are questionnaires and literature study. This study uses qualitative and quantitative in analyzing the data obtained. Questionnaire data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative, while the results of document analysis were analyzed using qualitative. Based on this research, the researcher found that students had difficulties in learning morphology. The biggest difficulty for students is learning morphemes, morphs, allomorphs, and affixations. To help students, there are several books that help, such as morphology textbooks and reference books. However, the textbook has not been integrated with multimodality so that students still have difficulty understanding morphology. Therefore, contextual and integrated morphology teaching materials are needed with multimodalities. With multimodality-based contextual morphology teaching materials, students will find it easier to understand morphology.KEYWORDS: teaching materials; contextual morphology; multimodality.
MODAL QUALIFIERS AS BOOSTER IN ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING OF THE THESIS DISCUSSION SECTION (MODAL QUALIFIERS SEBAGAI BOOSTER DALAM TULISAN ARGUMENTATIF PADA BAGIAN PEMBAHASAN TESIS) Yuliana Setyaningsih; R. Kunjana Rahardi; Refa Lina Tiawati
Jurnal Gramatika Vol 9, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22202/jg.2023.v9i1.6316

Abstract

The importance of using modal qualifiers as a component of argumentative writing in the discussion section of student theses has not been fully realized by students. In fact, this component greatly determines the level of strength of the argument as a vehicle for conveying scientific truth. Scientific truth can be tested through the strength of the argument that appears in the selection of the types of modal qualifiers that accompany the position statement. This study aims to describe the manifestation of the form and function of the modal qualifier as a booster in argumentative writing for thesis discussion. The research data is in the form of excerpts of claims which contain boosters from the thesis discussion section of students of the Indonesian Language Education Master’s Program at Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta. Data was collected by listening method with note-taking technique. Furthermore, the stages of classification and typification of data are carried out. The analytical method used in this study is the distributional analysis method and the content analysis method. The results of this study are the following forms of capital qualifiers as boosters: (1) definitely, (2) necessary, (3) must, (4) certainly, and variations in form. This study also found seven booster functions as follows: (1) affirming by showing confidence, (2) affirming by giving recommendations, (3) affirming by confirming something, (4) affirming by confirmation of clarity, (5) affirming by inferring purpose, (6) affirming of intent by ensuring, (7) affirming by suggesting something.