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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Konversi Jurnal UNITEK Narra J Journal of Bioprocess Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Offshore: Oil, Production Facilities, and Renewable Energy Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Malacca Pharmaceutics Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Infolitika Journal of Data Science JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Transportation Veterinary Other

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Sintesis Biodiesel Dari Minyak Nyamplung (Calophyllum Inophyllum) Menggunakan Katalis Geopolimer: Pengaruh Konsentrasi Katalis Dan Rasio Mol Minyak:Metanol Sugesti, Heni; Saputra, Edy; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Biodiesel is a product of transesterification reaction fat/oil and methanol with the aid of catalyst. Catalysts is commonly used in the production of biodiesel is strong base catalysts such as NaOH and KOH which is difficult to separate from the product of the reaction because it has the same phase as the reactant. Therefore, it is necessary to develop catalyst technology in order to get the production process becomes more economical, applicable and environmentally friendly, one of the catalyst is geopolymer. Geopolymers are synthesized by reacting potassium silicate, metakaolin, and bottom ash. Geopolymers is used in transesterification reaction. The process variables are weight of oil 50 grams, stirring rate 400 rpm, reaction time 120 minutes, and temperature of 65 oC, with catalyst 2% (w/w) and mole ratio of methanol:oil 1:12. The yield of biodiesel 96.62% with density 878.3 kg/m3, viscosity 4.395 mm2/s, the acid number of 0.3575 mg-KOH/g biodiesel and the flash point 134.25 °C comply with the SNI standards (SNI 7182: 2015).Keywords: biodiesel, calophyllum inophyllum oil, geopolymer, transesterification, yield
Esterifikasi Asam Lemak Dengan Katalis Enzim Pada Sintesis Emulsifier Mulya, Dynna Ardilla Putri; Zahrina, Ida; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Monoglycerides, the glycerol monoesters of fatty acids, are molecules consisting of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail with surfactant and emulsifying properties that help hydrophilic-lipophilic substances mix all together. Therefore, they can be used in food, detergent, plasticizer, cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. Monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG) are a group of synthetic emulsifiers obtained from the process of esterification of fatty acids with glycerol using an organic catalyst, enzyme, and solid catalyst. . In this journal, a green technology catalyst was used in the form of enzyme catalyst. Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts (biocatalysts). Catalysts accelerate chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act were called substrate and the enzyme converts the substrate into different molecules known as products. Lipase enzymes were used for biotechnological applications in the dairy, oil, surfactant, and pharmaceutical industries. The production of biotechnology products using the enzyme lipase is the usual choice in line with the rapid progress of development. Keywords: enzyme catalysts, esterification, lipase enzyme, monoglycerides
Pembuatan Komposit Serat Batang Pisang Kepok Bermatriks Polyester Dengan Metode Vacuum Bagging Hutagaol, Martiandes; Fatra, Warman; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Various types of bananas with good quality thrive in various regions in Riau. Banana fiber has good potential to be developed as an engineering material by engineering composite materials. The making of composites using kepok banana stem fiber was carried out using the vacuum bagging method. The fiber was heated with temperature variations of 70 ° C, 80 ° C and 90 ° C and time of 2, 3 and 4 hours, then the fiber was extracted with a length of 30 cm. The composite fiber arrangement is continuous. To determine the experimental design and variables that have a significant effect on tensile strength, flexural strength and impact resistance, the statistical method Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is used. The results showed that the increased tensile strength was significantly influenced by the volume fraction of banana fiber, temperature and heating time of the fiber. The highest tensile strength value of 89.855 MPa and the highest flexural strength value of 327.76 MPa were obtained at a volume fraction of 38% banana fiber, heating temperature 70 ° C and heating time of 4 hours. The highest impact resistance value of 2.56 J was obtained at a volume fraction of 28% banana fiber, heating temperature of 70 ° C and heating time of 2 hours.Keywords: Banana Fiber, NaOH, Response Surface Methodology, Vacuum Bagging.
Potensi Pembuatan Pupuk Dalam Bentuk Pelet Dari Bottom Ash Dan Fly Ash Industri Pulp Dan Kertas Untuk Hutan Tanaman Industri Fortuna, Dewi; Helwani, Zuchra; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bottom ash and fly ash derived from the ash burning bark in the boiler unit of the pulp and paper have the potential to be used as fertilizer because they contain macro and micro nutrients needed by plants. This study aims to determine the potential of bottom ash and fly ash as pellets. Physically, fertilizer in pellet form has smaller volume and easily stored and transported. The experiment were performed with two variable treatment which are the comparation of bottom ash with fly ash (0:100, 25:75,50:50, 75:25 and 100:0) and the adhesive doses (0%,0,5%,1% and 1,5%). The physical properties of resulting pellets were tested including density, water holding capacity, and durability. The effect of pellets on the growth of tomato plants were also carried out. Based on the analysis of research results the pellets meet minimum requirements of organic fertilizer and soil conditioner according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7847:2012) and PERMENTAN No.7 year 2011 unless C-Organic. The pelletization of fertilizer to the size of 5 mm can be done by adding adhesive cassava starch 1% with the physical properties of the pellets including a density of 1,724 g/mL, water holding capacity of 65,14% and durability of 93,89%. The use of pellet fertilizer with 100% fly ash has a good effect on the growth of tomato plants, seen from the growth of tomato stem height which is faster than without using pellet fertilizer. Keywords: bottom ash, cassava starch, fertilizer pellet, fly ash, tomato plants
Ekstraksi KOH Dari Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit Menggunakan Sistem Bertahap Banyak Beraliran Co-Current Ulima, Riris; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunches is still limited. One alternative to utilizing oil palm empty fruit bunch is by extracting potassium hydroxide from oil palm empty fruit bunch ash. This research aims to determine the effect of extraction time and temperature using the co-current flow method on potassium concentration. The dry ashes of oil palm empty fruit bunches was sieved with a 100 mesh sieve then extracted using water as a solvent at temperatures of 50°C, 65°C, 80°C and extraction times 30, 60, 90 minutes. The results showed that at an extraction temperature of 80°C and  extraction time of 90 minutes, the highest potassium concentration was 6.888 ppm. The concentration of potassium increases with increasing temperature and extraction time.   Keywords : ash, co-current, extraction, potassium
Sifat Mekanis Geopolimer Ringan Berbahan Dasar Fly Ash Batubara Dengan Penambahan Semen Portland Dan Cairan Alkali Aktivator Reski, M.; Amri, Amun; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Geopolymer is an inorganic polymer material composed of Si and Al atoms arranged in a 3dimensional network (Si-O-Al) synthesized from aluminosilicate with an alkaline activator solvent. The use of this geopolymer can be used as a material for making lightweight concrete types of cellular lightweight geopolymer (CLG) which can be used as a construction wall for building blocks and brick red brick. This study aims to make a lightweight geopolymer based on fly ash coal using a foaming agent with the addition of sand, portland, and alkaline liquid activators and study the effect of adding cement Portland, and the amount of alkaline liquid activator on the mechanical properties of the resulting mild geopolymer. Making light geopolymers begins with preparing an alkaline activator solution made by mixing 10 M NaOH into sodium silicate with a ratio of (Na2SiO3 2.5/NaOH) to homogeneous, then the foaming liquid is made by dissolving the foaming agent using water with a ratio (foaming agent/water) 1:30, after which the foaming liquid is connected to the foam generator to produce the desired foam, then the process of mixing the raw material used is homogeneous. The mechanical geopolymer mechanical properties test results showed that the highest compressive strength of 2.15 MPa was obtained from variations in the amount of activator liquid 23% with the addition of 15% OPC, the lowest porosity 27.55% obtained from variations in the amount of liquid activator 23% with the addition of 15% OPC. Keywords: fly ash, geopolymers, light geopolymers, liquid activator, OPC
Pengambilan Pati Dari Batang Sawit Saparullah, Zulkarnaen; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The replanting of oil palm produced 70.2 tons per hectare of solid palm oil waste. The utilization of palm oil waste has been limited. One alternative to deal with this problem is by extracting starch contained in the oil palm trunk. The purpose of this study is to extract starch and determine the effect of process conditions on starch quality. starch extraction was carried out under atmospheric conditions with 125 gram weight of palm stem powder, sodium metabisulfite concentration (0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%), extraction time (12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours) and liquid solid ratio 15/1 ( b / b). The result should highest starch content was obtained at a solvent concentration of 0.5% with an extraction time of 24 hours and a liquid solids ratio of 15/1. Keywords : oil palm trunk, extraction, starch,
Fraksionasi Metil Ester Asam Lemak (Biodiesel) Menggunakan Pelarut Urea Komang, Hendri; Helwani, Zuchra; Zahrina, Ida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
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Biodiesel / Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) is a renewable fuel. However, biodiesel circulating in the market has the disadvantage of low oxidation stability. To improve the quality of biodiesel, biodiesel fractions are separated. The saturated and monounsaturated fractions have ideal properties as biodiesel and the polyunsaturated fraction has a very low oxidation stability which is undesirable in biodiesel. Urea complexation is one of the ways separating biodiesel fractions, and methanol is one of the commonly used solvents. As a parameter of the success of separation iod numbers are tested. The optimum condition for biodiesel separation is determined by the effect of the FAME: urea ratio and the FAME: methanol ratio. At optimal separation, the biodiesel iodine was 58.13, ie at the FAME:urea ratio of 1:3 and the FAME:methanol ratio of 1:3. The separated polyunsaturated FAME fraction can be used in the oleochemical industry and other processes that require a high degree of unsaturation. Keywords: biodiesel/FAME, oxidation stability, urea complexation, saturated and unsaturated
Kajian Minyak Biji Picung Sebagai Bahan Baku Alternatif Pembuatan Biodiesel Dengan Katalis AL2O3 Setiadi, Fydel; Bahri, Syaiful; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. It can be made by transesterification process of vegetable oils. During the process of making biodiesel usually was used NaOH or KOH as homogeneous catalyst which has the disadvantage the formation of side products such as soaps and complexity of the separation of catalyst. Therefore, in this study Al2O3 catalyst is used. This research is aimed to make biodiesel from picung seed oil, having study the effect of Al2O3 catalyst concentration on the amount of biodiesel produced, and determine the best conditions for biodiesel production. This study starts from raw material preparation which includes drying, heating, and refinement. Furthermore, extraction the picung seed oil and followed by degumming to remove impurities contained in the oil. The transesterification process of oil was done at various variation of temperature i.e 50, 60, 70 °C respectively and the various variation of catalyst concentration i.e 1%, 2%, 3% respectively at methanol of oil mole ratio 9: 1. The process was stired at speed of 200 rpm and a reaction time of 240 minutes. From the result was obtained the highest biodiesel of 97,2% at the reaction temperature of 60 °C with concentration Al2O3 catalyst 2%.Keywords : Al2O3, biodiesel, picung seed oil, transesterification
Penggunaan Katalis Fly Ash Yang Diimpregnasi Dengan CaO Dari Ca(NO3)2 Pada Tahap Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Off-Grade Menjadi Biodiesel Nugraha, Putra Zelly; Helwani, Zuchra; Saputra, Edy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The synthesis of biodiesel from off-grade palm oil needs the help of CaO/fly ash during the transesterification step. CaO with high basicity and acts as a good catalyst. The use of fly ash as the support of CaO catalyst has several benefits because it is safe for the environment, it adds economical value, and Ca inside the fly ash itself can be utilized. The synthesis of biodiesel in this research aims to observe the effect of reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol : oil, and the effect of CaO/fly ash concentration towards biodiesel yield. The synthesis of biodiesel is performed through esterification reaction to reduce the amount of free fatty acid content in oil, and is continued by transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel. Data processing in this research is conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the help of Design Expert 7.0 software, while experimental design is determined using Central Composite Design (CCD) which consists of 3 variables. The highest biodiesel yield is 61.72% with a reaction temperature of 60oC, methanol : oil ratio of 8:1, and CaO/fly ash catalyst concentration of 7 %wt. Biodiesel characteristics which consist of density, kinematics viscosity, acid value and flash point is consistent with Indonesia’s National Standards (SNI) of biodiesel. The variable which has the highest effect towards biodiesel yield is catalyst concentration.Key words : Biodiesel, Off-grade Palm Oil, Catalyst, Fly Ash, Transesterification.
Co-Authors Abd , Ammar Ali Abd Rahman, Sunarti Afriyenti, Mia Agustiyanti, Rini Dwi Agustiyanti, Rini Dwi Ahmad Fadli Ahmad, Khairunnas Akbar, Irfan Sarhadi Amir Awaluddin Amun Amri Anggraini, Diva Putri Anggriani, Rara Dewi Anjani, Putri Anuar, Kaspul Asep Rusyana Aswie, Viqha Bahruddin Bahruddin Bahruddin Boy M. Bachtiar Damayanti, Elok David Andrio Dhani Nur Miftahudin Dizikri, Dizikri Drastinawati Drastinawati Drastinawati Drastinawati, Drastinawati Dwi Septiana Edi Susanto Edy Saputra Eko Suhartono Emran, Talha Bin Febrina Dwi Putri Febrina Dwi Putri, Febrina Dwi Febrina, Wetri Fernando, Rivo Ghazi Mauer Idroes Hafiz, Fadlillahi Hanafi, Muhammad Rifter Hari Rionaldo Hari Rionaldo Hawa, Karfika Ainil Hawa, Karfika Ainil Hutagaol, Martiandes Ida Zahrina Idral Amri Idroes, Ghazi M. Idroes, Ghifari Maulana Jecky Asmura Julhijah, Noni Karfika Ainil Hawa Karina Octaria Putri Kemala, Pati Kesni Savitri Khairan Khairan Komalasari Komalasari Komang, Hendri Kusumo, Fitranto Lala, Andi Lubis, Vanizra F. Lukman Arifin Maulana, Aga Maulydia, Nur B. Miftahudin, Dhani Nur Miftahudin, Dhani Nur Muhammad Mardhiansyah Muhammad Zen, Muhammad Muliadi Ramli Mulya, Dynna Ardilla Putri Muslim Abdurrahman, Muslim Nasution, Muhammad Hatta Nazaris, Nazsha Nayyazsha Neonufa, Godlief Frederick Ningsih, Diana S. Noviandy, Teuku R. Nurfatihayati Nurwijayanti Oktariandi, Vito Oktriyono, Febri Dwi Olsy, Fradilla Othman, Mohd. Roslee Peliciamanuela, Samantha Perdana, Rendy Putra Prasetyo Arva S, Prasetyo Arva Pratama, Teddy Pratama, Yudistira Putra Zelly Nugraha, Putra Zelly Putra, Bayu Eldino Putra, Yogi Lesmana Putri, Karina Octaria Putri, Karina Octaria Qalbi, Tiffani Rafi, M Khaidiz Rahayu, Ricky Puji Rahman, Sunarti Abd Raja Heru Nur Alam Ichsan, Raja Heru Nur Alam Randi Sanjaya Randi Sanjaya, Randi Reno Susanto Reski, M. Rinaldi Idroes Rizki, Juliana Rizky, Muhammad Dian Rozanna Sri Irianty Saparullah, Zulkarnaen Saryono Saryono Setiadi, Fydel Simbolon, Kristin Madelin Siregar, Thasya Nurfadillah Sitorus, Mesakh Fridolin Sugesti, Heni Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna Sunarno Sunarno Surya, Andry Pratama Susanty, Wenny Susilowati Susilowati Syafi’i, Abdullah Syahputra, Dede SYAIFUL BAHRI Tengku Mukhlis Teuku Rizky Noviandy Topan Herianto Trina E. Tallei, Trina E. TRINA EKAWATI TALLEI Triwahyuni, Vanny Efia Ulfaa, Suci Mas’ama Ulima, Riris Warman Fatra, Warman Wenny Susanty Yelmida Azis Yemita, Sylvia Yudha, Ricky Satria Z Zulfansyah Zahriah, Zahriah Zohera, Zohera Zul Amraini, Said Zulfansyah Zulfansyah Zultiniar, Zultiniar