Sherli Diana
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EFFECT OF GALAM LEAF EXTRACT AND TRI-CALCIUM SILICATE CEMENT ON NEUTROPHIL CELLS IN WISTAR RAT PULP Putra, Fedriko Gamaliel; Diana, Sherli; Dewi, Nurdiana; Wasiaturrahmah, Yusrinie; Carabelly, Amy Nindia
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 9, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v9i2.20409

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Background: Pulp capping is a method of sealing the pulp chamber in teeth with cavities that extend to the pulp. Direct pulp capping involves applying a material directly onto the exposed pulp tissue. Tri-calcium silicate cement (Ca3SiO5) is commonly used due to its nanoparticle mineral composition, but it can cause continued inflammation. Galam leaf (Melaleuca cajuputi) is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, owing to secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponins, potentially compensating for the drawbacks of tri-calcium silicate cement. Purpose: To determine the effect of combining Galam leaf extract (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turz) Barlow) with tri-calcium silicate cement as a direct pulp capping material on neutrophil cell count in the pulp of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This pure experimental study used a posttest-only control design. Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into nine groups: one received a combination of 100% Galam leaf extract and tri-calcium silicate cement; one positive control group received tri-calcium silicate cement alone; and one negative control group received direct placement with glass ionomer cement (GIC). The neutrophil cell count was assessed on days 1, 2, and 3. Results: Two-way ANOVA results indicated a significant effect based on treatment and time (p < 0.05). Further analysis with the Post Hoc Bonferroni test (p < 0.05) revealed differences in neutrophil cell counts across nearly all groups on days 1, 2, and 3. Conclusion: The combination of 100% Galam leaf extract and tri-calcium silicate cement significantly reduced neutrophil cell counts compared to both positive and negative control groups on days 1, 2, and 3, indicating anti-inflammatory effect.
EFFECT OF GELAM LEAF EXTRACT (Melaleuca cajuputi) AND TRICALCIUM SILICATE CEMENT AS DIRECT PULP CAPPING Husma, Emma Annahal; Diana, Sherli; Saputera, Debby; Apriasari, Maharani Laillyza; Nurrahman, Tri
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 9, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v9i2.20397

Abstract

Background: Reversible pulpitis is mild pulp inflammation. The treatment is direct pulpcapping. Tricalcium silicate cement has been better at inducing reparative dentin than other materials. Tricalcium silicate cement can cause inflammation 1-2 weeks after application, that natural ingredients need to improve the quality. Tricalcium silicate cement can be combined with galam leaf extract which contains anti-inflammatory properties by accelerating lymphocyte cells. Purpose: To analyzed the effect of gelam leaf extract (Melaleuca cajuputi) concentration of 100% and Tricalcium Silicate Cement on the number of lymphocyte cells on day 3 and 5 in direct pulp capping treatment. Methods: This research is a true experimental study with a post test-only with control design. This study used 24 Wistar rats, divided into 3 treatment groups with 2 different days, namely the group given a combination of Gelam leaf 100% + tricalcium silicate cement, tricalcium silicate cement as positive control, and without treatment as negative control. Results: One-way ANOVA test obtained p value=0.00<0.05, which indicates there is a significant difference between each group. Post Hoc Bonferroni test showed significant difference between galam leaf extract and tricalcium silicate cement, tricalcium silicate cement, and no treatment on days 3 and 5. Conclusion: The combination of galam leaf extract and tricalcium silicate cement can increase the number of lymphocyte cells on day 3 of pulp inflammation and reduce the number of lymphocyte cells on day 5 more effectively than tricalcium silicate cement and without treatment on days 3 and 5 so that the healing process is faster.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CINNAMON BARK EXTRACT PASTE (Cinnamomum burmanii) IN ELIMINATING Candida albicans IN THERMOPLASTIC NYLON Sinaga, Gloria Meyana; Arifin, Rahmad; Diana, Sherli; Wardani, Ika Kusuma; Erlita, Isyana
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 9, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v9i2.20402

Abstract

Background: One type of denture base that is widely used is thermoplastic nylon. Thermoplastic nylon not cleaned regularly will cause food residue to stick and give rise to fungi such as Candida albicans. Mechanical cleaning methods are more effective at removing microbes. However, regular toothpaste contains abrasive ingredients that can scratch dentures. Extracts from cinnamon bark can be used because they contain ingredients that can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans colonies. Purpose: To analyze the antifungal activity of using cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmanii) extract paste to eliminate Candida albicans on thermoplastic nylon. Methods: This research is purely experimental, using a pretest-posttest with a control group design. This study used 27 thermoplastic nylon plates measuring 65x10x3mm, which were divided into 3 groups, namely the cinnamon bark extract paste group with a concentration of 50%, Fresh 'n Brite paste as a positive control, distilled water as a negative control. Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test show an effect based on treatment in each group. Conclusion: Fresh ‘n Brite denture paste as a positive control is more effective in eliminating Candida albicans on thermoplastic nylon than cinnamon bark extract paste with a concentration of 50% and distilled water as a negative control.
Relationship Between Height and Skeletal Malocclusion Type Using Steiner Analysis in The Banjar Ethnic Group: Cross Sectional Study Kurniawan, Fajar Kusuma Dwi; Sitepu, Alexander; Dewi, Renie Kumala; Diana, Sherli; Fathonah, Zeni Dwi
Journal of Indonesian Dental Association Vol 8 No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Indonesian Dental Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32793/jida.v8i2.1211

Abstract

Introduction: Indonesia is a country rich in ethnic diversity. Each tribe has characteristics that differ from other tribes. One of these differences lies in height, which is composed of long bones. The growth of long bones is the result of the ossification of cartilage located at the distal end. One of the long bones found in the craniofacial area is the mandible. The lateral cephalometric X-ray photos with Steiner analysis reveal the mandible's significant role in determining the type of skeletal malocclusion. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between height and skeletal malocclusion type using Steiner analysis in the Banjar ethnic group. Methods: This research is a correlational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 62 Banjar students aged 15–18 years, selected using the purposive sampling technique. Height was measured using a microtoise and converted into a Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ) based on WHO standards. Skeletal relationships were determined through Steiner analysis on lateral cephalometry using the SNA, SNB, and ANB angular parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and Spearman's correlation test with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Most samples had below-normal height, above-normal SNA, normal SNB, and above-normal ANB. The results of the Spearman's correlation analysis showed a significance value of 0.446. Conclusion: Most subjects had heights categorized as below normal based on the WHO Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ), and the most common skeletal pattern found was Class II skeletal malocclusion with a tendency toward maxillary protrusion and mandibular position still within normal limits according to the SNA and SNB parameters. The results of the Spearman correlation test showed a significance value of 0.446 (p > 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no statistically significant relationship between height and the type of skeletal malocclusion in Banjar adolescents aged 15–18 years. Height cannot be used as an indicator to predict the type of skeletal malocclusion in the study population. Keywords: Steiner analysis, lateral cephalometry, Banjar tribe, body height, skeletal malocclusion type.
DIFFERENCES IN DMF-T INDEX OF PDAM WATER AND RIVER WATER USERS IN THE BLACKSMITH INDUSTRY AREA Raihatun Nida; Ika Kusuma Wardani; Sherli Diana; Juliyatin Putri Utami; Norlaila Sarifah
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v10i1.22198

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Background: Caries is a disease of the oral cavity that affects the hard tissues of the teeth, enamel, dentin, and cementum. Caries is a multifactorial disease or is caused by many factors. One factor that influences the incidence of caries is the water used for daily purposes. Water containing high concentrations of metals can affect the incidence of caries, one of which is iron. Ferrum or iron contained in water can cause caries by increasing H + ions and then continuing to decrease pH, resulting in a demineralization or dissolution process of hydroxyapatite. Caries occurrence can be measured using the DMF-T index. Purpose: This study aims to determine the difference in the DMF-T index of students using PDAM water and river water in the iron industry area of Sungai Pinang Village. Methods: The method used was analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. Respondents in this study were 36 for each group, with a total of 72 respondents. Results: The results of the unpaired T-Test test showed a significance value of 0.00 <0.05, so HO was rejected. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the DMF-T index of river water PDAM water users in the blacksmith industrial area of Sungai Pinang Village.
ANTIFUNGUS EFFECTIVENESS OF CITRUS AMBLYCARPA PEEL, CITRUS HYSTRIX DC PEEL AND CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA PEEL EXTRACT (Against the Growth of Candida albicans) Resha Yusnida; Debby Saputera; Sherli Diana; Fajar Kusuma Dwi Kurniawan; Maharani Laillyza Apriasari
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v10i1.22204

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Background: Candida albicans is a microorganism that causes many infections in the oral cavity. To treat infections caused by Candida albicans, antifungal therapy is needed. Alternative treatments for fungal infections can utilize traditional medicines, namely by using citrus amblycarpa peel extract, citrus hystrix DC peel, and citrus aurantifolia peel because they contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Objective: Analyzing the antifungal effects of 100% concentration of citrus amblycarpa peel extract, 100% concentration of citrus hystrix DC peel, and 100% concentration of citrus aurantifolia peel on the growth of Candida albicans. Method: This study was a true experimental laboratory study with a post test only control group design, consisting of four treatment groups. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Killing Concentration (MKC). Result: Parametric analysis using One Way Anova and Post Hoc Bonferroni KHM showed that there were significant differences in each treatment group and Post Hoc Games Howell test analysis showed that citrus amblycarpa peel extract showed no significant difference to citrus hystrik DC peel, citrus aurantifolia peel extract 100% concentration, while the aquades as a negative control there is a significant difference. Conclusion: Citrus amblycarpa peel extract, citrus hystrix DC peel extract, citrus aurantifolia peel 100% concentration, and aquades as a negative control had inhibitory effect on Candida albicans. Citrus amblycarpa peel extract concentration of 100% has killing power.
GAMBARAN TINGGI WAJAH ANTERIOR BAWAH PADA MAHASISWA SUKU BANJAR FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN GIGI UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT Reni Amirah Salsabila Fitri; Fajar Kusuma Dwi Kurniawan; Rahmad Arifin; Sherli Diana
Dentin Vol 8, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentin.v8i3.14232

Abstract

Background: LAFH (Lower Anterior Facial Height) is the vertical distance between the ANS and Menton. Measurement of LAFH is one of the vertical evaluations of the person's aesthetics and orthodontic treatment. One of the factors that differentiates the dentocraniofacial growth development of an individual is in the type of race, race then divided into ethnic. Purpose: Describe the LAFH in the Banjar ethnic students and describe the LAFH  based on Gender and Age. Methods: The study is using a descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach to describe the LAFH in students of the Banjar ethnic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Lambung Mangkurat. Using total sampling with a total of 33 samples. Data obtained after 3 measurements then processed with a data processing application. Results: The average value of the LAFH in all samples is 68.49 mm. LAFH value of the female sample is 67.21 mm. Male sample value is 71.42 mm. The LAFH based on age shows, the 19-year-old group has an average value of LAFH 67.78 mm. 20 years old group has an average LAFH of 68.29 mm. 21 year old group has an average LAFH of 68.35 mm. The 22 year old sample has an average LAFH of 69.66 mm. Conclusion:  Based on race, the mean of the LAFH students of the Banjar ethnic Students is 68.49 mm. Based on gender, LAFH on male was higher than female. Based on age, the 22-year-old group had the largest LAFH , while the smallest LAFH was in the 19-year-old group.Keyword : Age, Gender, Growth Hormone, Growth Spurts, Lower Anterior Facial Height, ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Ketinggian wajah anterior bawah atau  LAFH (Lower Anterior Facial Height) adalah jarak vertikal antara titik ANS dan menton. Pengukuran tinggi wajah anterior bawah merupakan salah satu evaluasi vertikal yang memiliki hubungan erat dengan estetika dan perawatan ortodontik. Tinggi wajah pada orang dewasa menjadi hal yang penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan keharmonisan wajah. Salah satu faktor yang membedakan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dentokraniofasial adalah pada jenis rasnya, ras kemudian terbagi menjadi Suku. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran tinggi wajah bawah anterior pada mahasiswa Suku Banjar, mengetahui tinggi wajah anterior bawah berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin dan Usia. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional untuk mengetahui gambaran tinggi wajah anterior bawah pada mahasiswa Suku Banjar FKG Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah 33 sampel. Data yang didapat setelah 3 kali pengukuran diolah dengan aplikasi pengolah data.  Hasil: Nilai rata-rata tinggi wajah anterior bawah adalah 68,49 mm. Nilai pada sampel Perempuan sebesar 67,21 mm. Nilai pada sampel laki-laki 71,42 mm. Gambaran tinggi wajah anterior bawah berdasarkan usia menunjukan, nilai rata-rata kelompok usia 19 tahun sebesar 67,78 mm.nilai rata-rata kelompok usia 20 tahun 68,29 mm. Nilai rata-rata kelompok usia 21 tahun 68,35 mm. Nilai rata-rata kelompok usia 22 tahun 69,66 mm. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan ras, nilai tinggi wajah bawah anterior pada mahasiswa Suku Banjar FKG ULM rata-rata sebesar 68,49 mm. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, nilai pada sampel laki-laki lebih tinggi daripada  perempuan.  Berdasarkan usia, nilai tinggi wajah bawah anterior terbesar adalah kelompok usia 22 tahun sedangkan nilai terkecil ada pada kelompok usia 19 tahun.Kata kunci : Hormon, Jenis kelamin, Pacu tumbuh, Tinggi wajah anterior bawah, Usia
EFEKTIVITAS DENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION MENGGUNAKAN PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL BADAMPRAK TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SKOR OHI-S (Tinjauan Pada Siswa Umur 10-14 Tahun di Sekolah Buddhis Dhammasoka Kota Banjarmasin) Yudha Fatahillah Syahari; Aulia Azizah; Sherli Diana; Rosihan Adhani; Rahmad Arifin
Dentin Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentin.v9i1.16564

Abstract

Background: Based on the Indonesian Health Survey (SKI 2023) South Kalimantan Province has a proportion of oral and dental problems (57.7%), the largest (59.56%) of which is in children aged 10-14 years, this indicates a lack of dental health education (DHE) in this age group. According to Bloom, behavior influenced by knowledge is an important factor in oral health status. One method to improve this knowledge is through the traditional game Badamprak. Objective: The effectiveness of DHE using Badamprak games in increasing knowledge and reducing OHI-S scores in students aged 10-14 years at Dhammasoka Buddhist School in Banjarmasin City. Purpose: Proving that DHE using traditional badamprak games increases knowledge and reduces OHI-S scores in students aged 10-14 years at Dhammasoka Buddhist School in Banjarmasin City. Methods: This study used quasi experimental with pre and posttest group design with non probability sampling on 58 students. Results: Wilcoxon test showed that there was a difference in tooth brushing knowledge before and after DHE using Badamprak traditional games in 58 samples (p = 0.001). Conclusion: DHE using the traditional game Badamprak is effective in increasing knowledge and reducing OHIS scores.Keywords: Badamprak, Dental Health Education, Knowledge, Oral Hygiene Index Simplified, Tooth Brushing ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI 2023) Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan memiliki proporsi masalah gigi dan mulut (57,7%), yang terbesar (59,56%) yaitu pada anak usia 10-14 tahun, Hal ini menunjukkan kurangnya edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut (Dental Health Education/DHE) pada kelompok usia tersebut. Menurut Bloom, perilaku yang dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan merupakan faktor penting dalam status kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Salah satu metode untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ini adalah melalui permainan tradisional Badamprak. Tujuan: Efektivitas DHE menggunakan permainan Badamprak dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menurunkan skor OHI-S pada siswa usia 10-14 tahun di Sekolah Buddhis Dhammasoka Kota Banjarmasin. Tujuan: Membuktikan bahwa DHE menggunakan permainan tradisional badamprak meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menurunkan skor OHI-S pada siswa umur 10-14 tahun di Sekolah Buddhis Dhammasoka Kota Banjarmasin. Metode: Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan kuasi eksperimen melalui rancangan pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah intervensi (pretest-posttest group design). Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 58 siswa. Hasil: Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan menyikat gigi sebelum dan setelah DHE menggunakan permainan tradisional Badamprak pada 58 sampel (p=<0,001). Kesimpulan: DHE menggunakan permainan tradisional Badamprak efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menurunkan skor OHIS. Kata Kunci: : Badamprak, Dental Health Education, Menyikat Gigi, Oral Hygiene Index Simplified, Pengetahuan > <0,001). Kesimpulan: DHE menggunakan permainan tradisional Badamprak efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menurunkan skor OHIS.Kata Kunci: : Badamprak, Dental Health Education, Menyikat Gigi, Oral Hygiene Index Simplified,Pengetahuan
ANALISIS GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPARAHAN MALOKLUSI DENTAL REMAJA USIA 15-18 TAHUN DI BANJARMASIN BERDASARKAN INDEKS ICON (INDEX OF COMPLEXITY, OUTCOME, AND NEED) Erine Febrianti; Diana Wibowo; Sherli Diana; Isnur Hatta; Alexander Sitepu
Dentin Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentin.v8i2.13108

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Malocclusion is a multifactorial problem that occurs due to general and local factors. Teeth crowding is one of the characteristics of malocclusion that often occurs in adolescents. Appearance is important for teenagers to increase self-confidence. Part of the appearance that results from the teeth and mouth is a smile. The need for orthodontic treatment can be measured using the Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON) which calculates the complexity, success, and necessity of orthodontic care. Purpose: To find out an overview of the severity of dental malocclusion in adolescents aged 15-18 years in Banjarmasin based on the ICON (Review of high school students in North Banjarmasin and Central Banjarmasin District). Methods: This was a descriptive analytics study with a cross sectional design. Sampling techniques using random sampling in teenagers aged 15-18 years as many as 356 respondents. Malocclusion severity data was obtained through ICON measurement. Results: The results of this study were the highest level of malocclusion complexity in the mild category by 147 respondents, the most aeshthetic component is in category no treatment need (159 respondents), cross-bite is in category 0 (205 respondents, crowding teeth is in category 1 (101 respondents), diastema teeth is in category 3 (18 respondents), open bite is in category 0 (106 respondents), and the antero-posterior tooth relationship is in category 0 (216 respondents). Conclusion: The degree of complexity of dental malocclusion in adolescents 15-18 years old in Banjarmasin were mostly found in the light category.Keyword: Orthodontic, Malocclusion, ICON ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Maloklusi adalah masalah multifaktorial yang terjadi karena faktor umum dan faktor lokal. Gigi berjejal adalah salah satu karakteristik dari maloklusi yang sering terjadi pada remaja. Penampilan merupakan hal yang penting bagi remaja untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri. Bagian dari penampilan yang dihasilkan dari gigi dan mulut adalah senyum. Kebutuhan akan perawatan orthodonti dapat diukur menggunakan Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON) yang memperhitungankan kompleksitas, keberhasilan, dan kebutuhan dari perawatan orthodonti. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat keparahan maloklusi dental remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Banjarmasin berdasarkan indeks ICON (Tinjauan pada pelajar SLTA di Banjarmasin Utara dan Banjarmasin Tengah). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriftik analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun sebanyak 356 responden. Data tingkat keparahan maloklusi diperoleh melalui pengukuran indeks ICON. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini yaitu tingkat kompleksitas maloklusi terbanyak ada pada kategori ringan yaitu 147 responden, aeshthetic component paling banyak ada pada kategori tidak membutuhkan perawatan (159 responden), gigitan silang atau crossbite ada pada kategori 0 (205 responden), gigi berdesakan atau crowding ada pada kategori 1 (101 responden), gigi berjarak atau diastem ada pada kategori 3 (18 responden), over bite ada pada kategori 0 (103 responden), oven bite ada pada kategori 3 dan 4 (12 responden), dan relasi gigi antero-posterior ada pada kategori 0 (216 responden). Kesimpulan: Tingkat kompleksitas maloklusi dental pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Banjarmasin banyak ditemukan pada kategori ringan.Kata kunci: ICON, Maloklusi, Orthodontik
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN AIR PDAM TERHADAP KEKERASAN ENAMEL GIGI PASKA HOME BLEACHING KARBAMID PEROKSIDA 20% Aqshall Ilham Safatullah; Agung Satria Wardhana; Sherli Diana; Beta Widya Oktiani; Renie Kumala Dewi
Dentin Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentin.v8i1.12194

Abstract

Background: One of the treatments to overcome the problem of discolored teeth is to do tooth whitening or bleaching. The tooth whitening agent that is often used is carbamide peroxide which is applied directly to the tooth enamel surface. Several factors that can affect tooth enamel are the degree of acidity or potential hydrogen (pH), acid concentration, dissolving time and the presence of calcium-like ions. Communities in Banjarmasin City still frequently use PDAM water for consumption and for their daily needs. Objective: To analyze the effect of immersing PDAM water and distilled water on the hardness of tooth enamel after the application of 20% carbamide peroxide. Methods: This study used a true experimental method with a posttest-only with control group design consisting of 4 treatment groups namely positive control PDAM water, negative control Aquatic water, group 1 carbamide peroxide 20% and PDAM water, and group 2 carbamide peroxide 20% and distilled water. Tooth enamel hardness was measured using a Vickers microhardness tester. Results: analysis of the One Way Anova test with Post-Hoc Bonferroni showed that there was a significant difference in violence in each group (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is an effect of PDAM water after application of 20% carbamide peroxide on the hardness of enamel on teeth.Keywords: Carbamide Peroxide 20%, Discolored, Enamel Hardness, PDAM
Co-Authors Afiati, Risti Agung Pratama Akbar Agung Satria Wardhana Alexander Sitepu Alya Rahmasari Amina Khairima Amy Nindia Carabelly Andi Triawan, Andi Aqshall Ilham Safatullah Arifin, Rahmad Aspriyanto, Didit Aulia Azizah Azilita Ananda Bayu Indra Sukmana Beta Widya Oktiani Brachmedio Barito Syech Erlangga Buyung Maglenda Citra Aghnia Thamara Debby Saputera, Debby Dewi Nurdiana Dewi Puspitasari Dewi Puspitasari Dewi, Renie Kumala Diana Wibowo Diyah Ayu Rizki Tiara Defi Dwi Kurniawan, Fajar Kusuma Erine Febrianti Fathonah, Zeni Dwi Fitri Kabeakan Gunawan Halim, Novia Gusti Wina Ayu Hazarisa Hanifah Mulyani Hatta, Isnur Husma, Emma Annahal Ichrom Nahzi, Muhammad Yanuar Ika Kusuma Wardani Indri Indah Tari Irpansyah Irpansyah Karina Ramadhani Kevinda Januarizqi Khairima, Amina Khairina, Niketa Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Maharani Laillyza Apriasari Muhammad Adeya Herdira Putra Muhammad Rezky Gunawan Nadiya Amalia Nadya Fatimah Alzahrah Nida Aulia Niketa Khairina Norhayati Norhayati Noval Ihza Maulana Novia Gunawan Halim Nur As Alifuddin Nurrahman, Tri Pribadi Santosa Putra, Fedriko Gamaliel R. Harry D. Setyawardhana Rahmad Arifin Rahmatillah Rahmatillah Raihatun Nida Ramadhani, Karina Ratih Yusnita Reni Amirah Salsabila Fitri Renie Kumala Dewi Resha Yusnida Risti Afiati Rizki Sri Yuliati Rosihan Adhani, Rosihan Sarifah, Norlaila Setyawardhana, Raden Harry Dharmawan Sinaga, Gloria Meyana Sitepu, Alexander Thamara, Citra Aghnia Tri Putri, Deby Kania Ulfa Asma Wita Bancin US Ramadilla Ramadilla Utami, Juliyatin Putri Yudha Fatahillah Syahari Yusrinie Wasiaturrahmah