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All Journal Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian (JDP) Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Bernas JASc (Journal of Agribusiness Sciences) Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Jurnal Pertanian Agros JURNAL AGROHITA JURNAL PERTANIAN JURNAL AGRICA JCRS (Journal of Community Research and Service) Agroteknika Jurnal Ilmiah Padma Sri Kreshna Jurnal Agrium Best Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Jurnal Agro Estate Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP) Journal of Agriculture (JoA) Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Jurnal Abdimas Maduma Jurnal Ilmiah Agritas Jurnal Agro Estate OKTAL : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Sains Jurnal Agro Fabrica IRA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Jurnal Pertanian Agros
Hari Gunawan
Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Veterinary Other

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Observasi Unsur Cuaca Terhadap Morfologi Buah Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Di Dataran Tinggi Eros Anggara Lubis; Hari Gunawan
JURNAL AGRICA Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL AGRICA
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/agrica.v19i1.17638

Abstract

This study aims to conduct in-depth observations on how the morphological characteristics of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) fruit growing in highland ecosystems are influenced by weather factors. This study was conducted at the Bah Birung Ulu Plantation in North Sumatra, at an altitude of between 660 and 1,100 meters above sea level (masl). This study used an observational descriptive approach by conducting direct observations of three productive sample trees in Afdeling 3. Weather elements (daily temperature, rainfall, and humidity) and fruit morphology (mesocarp, endocarp, and kernel thickness, as well as fruit set). The results showed that the average temperature at the location ranged between 20.4°C and 22.7°C, which is far below the optimal standard for oil palm growth, which is 24-28°C. With high air humidity of 83–89% and annual rainfall of 3,591 mm, the physical dimensions of the fruit were less than optimal. The measurement results showed that the average mesocarp thickness was only 13.56 mm to 14.76 mm, indicating that low temperatures in the highlands slow down fruit flesh metabolism and oil biosynthesis processes. However, a fruit set value of 81% was found in all sample trees, indicating that the pollination process was still running well above the 75% threshold.[li1.1][h1.2] This study found that extreme low temperatures and high humidity physically limit fruit morphological development but do not significantly reduce the pollination success of bunches.
OBSERVASI POPULASI SERANGGA PENYERBUK KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust) PADA KETINGGIAN TEMPAT YANG BERBEDA Simarmata, Muhammad Arif Fakhri; Gunawan, Hari
JURNAL AGRICA Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL AGRICA
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/agrica.v19i1.17661

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the population of the pollinator insect Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust at different altitudes, the factors influencing it, and its relationship to oil palm fruit set. The study was conducted at two locations with different altitudes: 12 meters above sea level (Tanah Itam Ulu Plantation) and 715 meters above sea level (Bah Birung Ulu Plantation), from September to November 2025. The method used was descriptive quantitative, with primary data collected through direct observation of the insect population on anthesis male flowers, and secondary data collected from weather factors (temperature, humidity, and rainfall). The results showed that the population of E. kamerunicus per hectare was higher at 12 meters above sea level, at 119,262 individuals/ha, compared to 70,692 individuals/ha at 715 meters above sea level. This difference was influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall, as well as biotic factors such as the number of male flowers blooming and the number of spikelets per bunch. Environmental conditions at lower elevations, with higher temperatures (31°C), lower humidity (79%), and lower rainfall, favor the activity and development of pollinating insect populations. Conversely, at higher elevations, with lower temperatures (22.1°C), high humidity (85%), and high rainfall, insect activity tends to be inhibited. Fruit set rates also showed a difference, reaching 87% at 12 meters above sea level and 79% at 715 meters above sea level. This indicates that the E. kamerunicus population influences the success of pollination and fruit set in oil palms. The higher the pollinating insect population, the higher the fruit set rate.
Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Organik Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Sifat Kimia Tanah di Kebun Sei Putih PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I Aziz, Alfin; Gunawan, Hari
Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Ranah Research : Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/rrj.v8i3.2081

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of organic matter application on the physical and chemical properties of soil in oil palm plantations at Sei Putih Plantation of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I. The study was conducted from October to December 2025 using a composite sampling method at three treatment points, namely dead fences, oil palm empty bunch application areas (tankos), and plant discs, with a total of 15 samples. The parameters observed included soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity, and texture) and soil chemical properties (pH, organic C, total N, available P, and soil K). The results showed that the bulk density value ranged from 1.32–1.37 gr/cm³, with the lowest value in the organic matter application area. Soil porosity ranged from 48.17%–50.19%, showing an inverse relationship with bulk density. Soil texture was dominated by sandy loam and sandy clay loam. The chemical properties of the soil show a pH ranging from 5.26 to 5.60 (slightly acidic), organic C content of 1.23% to 2.01%, total N content of 0.58% to 0.85%, available P content of 10.65 to 12.13, and soil K content of 0.36 to 0.70. In general, the application of organic matter in the form of empty oil palm bunches has an effect on improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, although statistical analysis does not show significant differences between treatments. However, the application of organic matter still has the potential to improve soil quality sustainably in oil palm plantations.
Chemical Properties of Acid Sulfate Soils Across Sulfuric Horizon Depths and Their Effects on Oil Palm Root Development Hari Gunawan; Ingrid Ovie Yosephine; Muhammad Rizky Andrian
Jurnal Riset Perkebunan Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP)
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrp.7.1.1-8.2026

Abstract

A problem encountered in oil palm cultivation on tidal acid sulfate soils is the pyrite content. If pyrite in the soil oxidizes, it will increase soil acidity and metal content, thereby impacting oil palm root growth. This study aims to analyze the chemical properties of acid sulfate soils at various depths within the sulfuric horizon and their impact on oil palm root development at PT. Sumber Asih Kebun Paya Rambe II, Aceh Tamiang. The study used a soil survey method with an exploratory-descriptive approach, including soil profile identification and the collection of 32 composite soil samples at four depths (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80 cm) in two blocks with different sulfuric horizon depths. pH analysis was performed using a pH meter in a soil-water suspension (1:2.5), while AI and Fe contents were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) after wet digestion. To evaluate root development, 8 root samples were taken purposively and analyzed using the oven-dry weight method (105°C). The results showed the lowest pH at 60–80 cm, namely 4.5 (Block 27) and 5.0 (Block 24). The highest AI content was also found in the same layer, namely 5.2572% and 3.7582%, while the highest Fe content was at a depth of 0–20 cm, respectively, 3.1274% and 2.8684%. Root development decreased significantly in locations with shallow sulfuric horizons, indicated by a decrease in root dry weight of 34–38% compared to locations with deeper sulfuric horizons. This study confirms that the position of the sulfuric horizon directly affects soil acidity, AI mobilization, and reduced oil palm root growth in acid sulfate soils.
Co-Authors Abdi kusuma Abu Yazid, Abu Akbar Syam Ramadhan Akbar, Muhammad Lucky Sohibul Aritonang, Muhammad Iqbal Aulia, Mhd. Iqbal Aziz, Alfin bayu saputra Beriasi Fransisko Sinaga Bobi Agustian Celine Louise Adelia Purba Dedi Andika Dedi Andrial Siregar Dewi Fitriana Dicky Aryandika Diky Anggara Dyo Fauzan Eka Bobby Febrianto Eka Bobby Febrianto, Eka Bobby Eko Susanto Eros Anggara Lubis Faiq Raihan Zaky Siregar Faishol Jundi Abaidah Fanzani, Kelvin Aditya Givin Glenasfi Sinulingga Giyanto Guntoro Guntoro, Guntoro Hasibuan, Henry Budi Ihsan Taulani Iman Ghozali Inayatul Qur’ani Ingrid Ovie Yosephine Jhon F Parhorasan Jhon F. Parhorasan Juanda, Aulia Julfan Efendi Kani, Almunazza Kusuma, Satria E Kusuma Lubis, Fadli Akbar Lumbanraja, Rafhael Albertus M. Alfarizi M. Farhan Harahap Mahyunis Maisarah Makhrani Sari Ginting Manullang, Raymond Marzuti Isra Megawati Siahaan Megawati Siahaan Meilano, Dimas Muhammad Rizky Andrian Muhammad Yusuf Dibisono Muzakki Muzakki, Muzakki Nona Valentine Sirait Nur Hidayah O Y sitompul, Inggrid Oktafian Sihaloho Oloando, Oloando Ovie Yosephine, Ingrid Pada Mulia Raja Pardimin Purjianto Purjianto Putri, Intan Aulia Rafly Fachrezy Rahadi Rahmad Kurniawan Rahmad Ridwan Rama Adrian Rassid Dwi A Matondang Ridho Saputra Rizky Anugerah Rosmayati Rosmayati Sajaratud Dur Sakiah Sakiah Siahaan, Fathir Alif Simanullang, Putra Sakti Simarmata, Alex Paul Hendry Simarmata, Muhammad Arif Fakhri Sinaga , Ferdi Sudrajat, Ign Suprih Suparto Wijoyo SUSANAH Syarifah Yusra T. Sabrina Tuty Ningsih Wahyu Setya Ratri Wahyu Setya Ratri, Wahyu Setya Wahyuni, Seri Walmadri, Walmadri WARDATUL HUSNA IRHAM Wike Kusumastuti Winardi, Rafael Remit Yetty Dwi Lestari Zakwan, Zakwan