Yulia A. Hasan
Program Studi Ilmu Hukum Program Pascasarjana Universitas Bosowa

Published : 56 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

TANGGUNG JAWAB HUKUM PENGELOLA APOTEK ATAS PENJUALAN OBAT KERAS TANPA RESEP DOKTER DI KOTA MAKASSAR Danny Djiwono; Yulia A. Hasan; Abd Haris Hamid
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Desember 2025
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i1.6658

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk tanggung jawab hukum serta faktor-faktor penghambat dalam penjatuhan sanksi terhadap pengelola apotek yang melakukan penjualan obat keras tanpa resep dokter di Kota Makassar. Fenomena ini menjadi persoalan serius karena bertentangan dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur distribusi obat keras dan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap keselamatan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif-empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pihak Balai Besar Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BBPOM), Dinas Kesehatan Kota Makassar, serta 50 pengelola apotek yang terdiri atas apotek mandiri, apotek jaringan, dan apotek rumah sakit, disertai analisis terhadap dokumen dan peraturan terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum yang paling sering diterapkan terhadap pengelola apotek yang menjual obat keras tanpa resep dokter adalah sanksi administratif, seperti teguran, pencabutan izin, atau penghentian sementara kegiatan usaha. Namun, penerapan sanksi pidana masih jarang dilakukan meskipun terdapat pelanggaran yang memenuhi unsur pidana. Faktor-faktor penghambat dalam penegakan sanksi antara lain lemahnya koordinasi antarinstansi penegak hukum, rendahnya profesionalisme sebagian apoteker, keterbatasan sarana dan sumber daya pengawasan, serta budaya hukum masyarakat yang permisif terhadap pelanggaran tersebut. Selain itu, kultur bisnis yang lebih berorientasi pada keuntungan turut memperparah lemahnya penegakan hukum di sektor farmasi. Kondisi ini menunjukkan adanya kegagalan sistemik dalam pelaksanaan regulasi yang berdampak pada melemahnya perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen serta meningkatnya praktik ilegal penjualan obat keras di Kota Makassar. This study aims to analyze the forms of legal responsibility and inhibiting factors in imposing sanctions on pharmacy managers who sell prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription in Makassar City. This phenomenon is a serious problem because it violates the provisions of laws and regulations governing the distribution of prescription drugs and has the potential to negatively impact public safety and health. This study uses a normative-empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through interviews with the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BBPOM), the Makassar City Health Office, and 50 pharmacy managers from independent, network, and hospital pharmacies, and were supplemented by an analysis of related documents and regulations. The results show that the most frequently applied form of legal responsibility to pharmacy managers who sell prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription is administrative sanctions, such as warnings, license revocation, or temporary suspension of business activities. However, criminal sanctions are still rarely imposed, even when violations meet the elements of a crime. Factors inhibiting the enforcement of sanctions include weak coordination among law enforcement agencies, low professionalism among some pharmacists, limited facilities and supervisory resources, and a legal culture that is permissive of such violations. Furthermore, a profit-oriented business culture exacerbates weak law enforcement in the pharmaceutical sector. This situation indicates a systemic failure in regulatory implementation, resulting in weakened legal protection for consumers and an increase in the illegal sale of prescription drugs in Makassar.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK PEREMPUAN DI SULAWESI SELATAN Nurul Zhal Zhabila Rizqi Puti; Yulia A. Hasan; Almusawir Almusawir
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Juni 2026
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i2.7616

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum yang diberikan oleh Kepolisian Daerah Sulawesi Selatan terhadap anak perempuan korban tindak pidana kekerasan seksual, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penghambat dalam implementasinya. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif-empiris dengan desain kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan penyidik Unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) serta telaah dokumen penanganan kasus, sementara data sekunder bersumber dari peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur akademik, serta kebijakan institusional terkait perlindungan anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum dilakukan melalui dua pendekatan, yaitu preventif dan represif. Upaya preventif mencakup sosialisasi hukum, kampanye pencegahan kekerasan seksual, optimalisasi fungsi Unit PPA, serta patroli ruang digital untuk mencegah eksploitasi anak. Upaya represif diwujudkan melalui mekanisme pelaporan, penyidikan berbasis keadilan anak, perlindungan identitas korban, penyediaan bantuan hukum, serta layanan medis dan rehabilitasi psikososial sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku. Namun, implementasi perlindungan hukum masih menghadapi hambatan signifikan. Hambatan internal meliputi keterbatasan sumber daya manusia penyidik, minimnya anggaran, serta kurangnya fasilitas pendukung seperti konselor profesional dan rumah aman. Hambatan eksternal mencakup rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat, stigma terhadap korban, lemahnya dukungan pemerintah daerah, serta kerangka regulasi yang belum secara komprehensif mengatur hak anak perempuan sebagai korban kekerasan seksual. Dengan demikian, diperlukan penguatan regulasi, peningkatan kapasitas penyidik, serta kolaborasi lintas lembaga untuk mewujudkan sistem perlindungan hukum yang lebih efektif dan berkeadilan bagi anak korban kekerasan seksual. This study aims to analyze the forms of legal protection provided by the South Sulawesi Regional Police to female child victims of sexual violence and to identify the factors that hinder its implementation. The research employs a normative-empirical legal method with a qualitative approach. Primary data were collected through interviews with investigators from the Women and Children Protection Unit (WCPU) and documentation of case handling, while secondary data were obtained from legislation, academic literature, and institutional policy documents related to child protection. The findings indicate that legal protection is implemented through preventive and repressive measures. Preventive efforts include legal education, anti–sexual violence campaigns, strengthening the operational structure of WCPU, and cyber surveillance to prevent online sexual exploitation. Repressive measures include receiving reports, child-sensitive investigation procedures, identity protection, provision of legal assistance, and access to medical services and psychosocial rehabilitation, in accordance with existing regulations. However, implementing legal protection faces several obstacles. Internal challenges include a limited number of trained investigators, insufficient budget allocation, and the unavailability of professional counselors and safe houses. External barriers include low legal awareness among the community, persistent social stigma toward victims, limited involvement of local government and support institutions, and regulatory frameworks that do not yet comprehensively address the specific rights of female child victims of sexual violence. Therefore, regulatory refinement, capacity building for law enforcement personnel, and strengthened inter-agency coordination are necessary to establish a more effective, responsive, and equitable legal protection system for child victims of sexual violence.
EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN TUGAS POLISI KEHUTANAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI KESATUAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN WALANAE Mulawarman Mulawarman; Baso Madiong; Yulia A Hasan
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Juni 2026
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i2.7617

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pelaksanaan tugas Polisi Kehutanan dalam penanggulangan kebakaran hutan dan mengidentifikasi kendala utama yang dihadapi aparat Polhut di wilayah UPTD KPH Walanae. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode yuridis empiris, berlokasi di UPTD KPH Walanae Kabupaten Soppeng. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan Kepala UPTD, personel Polhut, aparat desa, dan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan fungsi Polisi Kehutanan belum optimal. Hal ini disebabkan oleh keterbatasan personel, minimnya pelatihan, sarana prasarana yang tidak memadai, serta luas dan sulitnya akses wilayah kerja. Mayoritas kebakaran disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia diperparah oleh musim kemarau. Kendala yang dihadapi bersifat struktural dan kultural, termasuk lemahnya sistem pemantauan, rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat, serta tidak konsistennya penegakan hukum. Koordinasi antarlembaga dan partisipasi masyarakat juga belum berjalan secara berkelanjutan. Upaya peningkatan efektivitas memerlukan pendekatan integratif melalui penguatan kelembagaan dan SDM, pemanfaatan teknologi, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam sistem pengawasan dan penanggulangan kebakaran hutan secara berkelanjutan. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of forest ranger (Polhut) task implementation in forest fire mitigation and to identify the main challenges faced by forestry law enforcement officers in the Walanae Forest Management Unit (UPTD KPH Walanae). A qualitative approach with an empirical juridical method was employed, conducted in UPTD KPH Walanae, Soppeng Regency. Data were collected through interviews with the Head of UPTD, Polhut personnel, village officials, and local communities living near the forest. The findings indicate that the implementation of forestry law enforcement functions has not been optimal. This is attributed to limited personnel, inadequate training, insufficient facilities and infrastructure, as well as the vast and difficult-to-access work area. Most forest fires are caused by human activities, exacerbated by the dry season. The challenges faced are both structural and cultural, including weak monitoring systems, low public legal awareness, and inconsistent law enforcement. Inter-agency coordination and community participation have also not been sustained. Improving effectiveness requires an integrative approach through institutional and human resource strengthening, utilization of technology, and community empowerment in a sustainable forest fire prevention and mitigation system.
EFEKTIFITAS FUNGSI UNIT PERLINDUNGAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK TERHADAP PELECEHAN SEKSUAL NON-FISIK DI POLRES MAROS Juan Putra Manusu; Yulia A. Hasan; Kamsilaniah Kamsilaniah
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Desember 2025
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i1.7657

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dan efektivitas fungsi Unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) dalam menangani kasus pelecehan seksual non-fisik di wilayah Kepolisian Resor (Polres) Maros. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris untuk mengkaji bagaimana ketentuan hukum yang berlaku diimplementasikan dalam praktik penegakan hukum serta hambatan yang muncul dalam proses tersebut. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, serta studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan fungsi Unit PPA terhadap penanganan tindak pidana pelecehan seksual non-fisik belum berjalan secara optimal. Efektivitas penegakan hukum dinilai masih rendah karena terbatasnya upaya preemtif, preventif, dan responsif yang seharusnya dilakukan sesuai mandat Peraturan Kapolri No. Pol. 10 Tahun 2007 tentang Organisasi dan Tata Kerja Unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak. Selain itu, ditemukan berbagai hambatan yang memengaruhi kinerja penegakan hukum, antara lain keterbatasan kompetensi dan jumlah aparat penegak hukum yang menangani kasus-kasus kekerasan berbasis gender, rendahnya tingkat pelaporan akibat budaya malu, stigma sosial, serta kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai bentuk pelecehan seksual non-fisik. Hambatan struktural seperti kurangnya fasilitas pendukung, layanan pendampingan psikologis, serta sistem perlindungan korban yang terpadu juga turut memperlemah proses penanganan kasus. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan kapasitas aparat, penguatan kebijakan operasional, optimalisasi sosialisasi hukum kepada masyarakat, serta penyediaan sarana layanan terpadu sebagai langkah strategis untuk meningkatkan efektivitas penegakan hukum terhadap pelecehan seksual non-fisik di Kabupaten Maros. This study aims to analyze the role and effectiveness of the Women and Child Protection Unit (Unit PPA) in responding to cases of non-physical sexual harassment within the jurisdiction of the Maros Police Department. The research employs an empirical juridical approach to examine how existing legal frameworks are applied in practice and to identify challenges encountered in law enforcement. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and document review, and analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that the implementation of the Unit PPA's function in addressing non-physical sexual violence cases has not yet been fully effective. Legal enforcement remains limited due to insufficient preemptive, preventive, and responsive measures, despite regulatory mandates outlined in the Indonesian National Police Regulation No. Pol. 10 of 2007 concerning the organizational and operational structure of the Women and Child Protection Unit. Several barriers were identified, including insufficient personnel capacity and expertise in gender-based violence handling, a low reporting rate caused by cultural norms, victim-blaming, and limited public awareness regarding non-physical forms of sexual harassment. Structural challenges, such as a lack of supporting facilities, psychological assistance services, and an integrated victim protection mechanism, also hinder effective case handling. Based on these findings, the study recommends developing capacity-building programs for law enforcement personnel, strengthening operational guidelines, enhancing public legal education, and establishing integrated victim support services to improve law enforcement's effectiveness against non-physical sexual harassment in Maros Regency.
PENERAPAN SANKSI TILANG ELEKTRONIK TERHADAP PELANGGAR LALU LINTAS DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEPOLISIAN RESOR KOTA BESAR MAKASSAR Alfian Saputra; Yulia A Hasan; Al Musawir
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Juni 2026
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i2.8355

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) terhadap pelanggar lalu lintas serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menghambat efektivitas penerapannya di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Resor Kota Besar Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi pada Direktorat Lalu Lintas Polda Sulawesi Selatan, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan ETLE telah mendukung modernisasi penegakan hukum lalu lintas melalui pemanfaatan teknologi digital yang lebih objektif, transparan, dan akuntabel. Namun demikian, efektivitas penerapan ETLE belum optimal yang ditunjukkan oleh tingginya jumlah pelanggaran yang terekam dibandingkan dengan jumlah pelanggaran yang berhasil dikonfirmasi dan diselesaikan. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ETLE lebih efektif sebagai instrumen pengawasan dan penindakan dibandingkan sebagai sarana pembentukan kesadaran hukum masyarakat dalam berlalu lintas. Faktor penghambat penerapan ETLE terdiri atas faktor internal berupa ketidaksinkronan kebijakan antarinstansi, ketidaksesuaian data kendaraan, keterbatasan sistem dan jaringan, serta keterbatasan anggaran operasional. Sementara itu, faktor eksternal meliputi manipulasi tanda nomor kendaraan bermotor dan budaya kepatuhan situasional masyarakat yang masih bergantung pada keberadaan pengawasan langsung oleh petugas. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan ETLE di Kota Makassar telah meningkatkan efektivitas pengawasan pelanggaran lalu lintas, namun belum sepenuhnya mampu membentuk budaya tertib berlalu lintas berbasis kesadaran hukum. This research aims to analyze the implementation of Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) against traffic violators and to identify the factors that hinder its effectiveness within the jurisdiction of the Makassar Metropolitan Resort Police. This research employed an empirical legal approach with a qualitative method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation at the Traffic Directorate of the South Sulawesi Regional Police and were analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the implementation of ETLE has contributed to the modernization of traffic law enforcement through the use of digital technology that promotes greater objectivity, transparency, and accountability. However, the effectiveness of ETLE has not yet reached an optimal level, as reflected in the significant disparity between the number of traffic violations recorded by the system and the number of violations successfully confirmed and resolved. This condition indicates that ETLE functions more effectively as a monitoring and enforcement instrument than as a mechanism for fostering public legal awareness and traffic discipline. The inhibiting factors consist of internal factors, including the lack of policy synchronization among related institutions, inconsistencies in vehicle registration data, limitations of the system and network infrastructure, and insufficient operational funding. Meanwhile, external factors include the tampering of vehicle license plates and a culture of situational compliance among the public that still relies on direct supervision by law enforcement officers. This study concludes that the implementation of ETLE in Makassar has improved the effectiveness of traffic violation enforcement, but has not yet fully succeeded in fostering a culture of traffic discipline based on legal awareness.
TINJAUAN HUKUM PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI KANTOR UNIT PENYELENGGARA PELABUHAN KELAS II MACCINI BAJI DALAM PEMERIKSAAN DOKUMEN KESELAMATAN KAPAL Abdul Gani; Yulia A Hasan; Basri Oner
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Juni 2026
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i2.8373

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan fungsi Kantor Unit Penyelenggara Pelabuhan (UPP) Kelas II Maccini Baji dalam pemeriksaan dokumen keselamatan kapal serta mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan normatif sebagai pendukung. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan Kepala Kantor UPP Kelas II Maccini Baji dan Marine Inspector, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, jurnal ilmiah, dan dokumen terkait keselamatan pelayaran. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, interpretasi, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan fungsi UPP Kelas II Maccini Baji dalam pemeriksaan dokumen keselamatan kapal pada dasarnya telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan melalui pemeriksaan administratif, verifikasi teknis, dan pengawasan terhadap pemenuhan persyaratan keselamatan kapal. Namun demikian, efektivitas pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi beberapa kendala, antara lain keterbatasan jumlah Marine Inspector, belum memadainya sarana dan prasarana operasional pemeriksaan, serta keterbatasan dukungan anggaran. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan pemeriksaan dokumen keselamatan kapal tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kepatuhan terhadap regulasi, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh kapasitas sumber daya manusia dan dukungan kelembagaan yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, penguatan sumber daya dan sarana pendukung diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengawasan keselamatan pelayaran di wilayah kerja UPP Kelas II Maccini Baji. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the functions of the Class II Maccini Baji Port Authority Unit Office (UPP) in conducting ship safety document inspections and to identify the obstacles encountered in their implementation. The research employed an empirical legal approach supported by a normative approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with the Head of the Class II Maccini Baji Port Authority Unit Office and Marine Inspectors, while secondary data were collected through a literature review of laws and regulations, scientific journals, and documents related to maritime safety. The data were analyzed qualitatively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the implementation of the functions of the Class II Maccini Baji Port Authority Unit Office in inspecting ship safety documents has generally been carried out in accordance with applicable laws and regulations through administrative inspections, technical verification, and supervision of compliance with ship safety requirements. However, the effectiveness of its implementation is still constrained by several factors, including the limited number of Marine Inspectors, inadequate operational facilities and infrastructure, and insufficient budget support. The findings demonstrate that the effectiveness of ship safety document inspections is determined not only by compliance with regulatory requirements but also by the availability of competent human resources and adequate institutional support. Therefore, strengthening human resources and supporting facilities is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of maritime safety supervision within the jurisdiction of the Class II Maccini Baji Port Authority Unit Office.