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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Integrated Science Education Journal Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Detector: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan PPSDP International Journal of Education Mutiara: Jurnal Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah Nian Tana Sikka: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Jurnal Ventilator: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan dan Keperawatan Medic Nutricia : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Intellektika: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Mikroba: Jurnal Ilmu Tanaman, Sains dan Teknologi Pertanian Pentagon: Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Polygon: Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Algoritma: Jurnal Matematika, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Kebumian dan Angkasa Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi dan Kesehatan Menulis: Jurnal Penelitian Nusantara Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia, Fisika dan Biologi Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan dan Biologi (jucapenbi) Konstanta : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengelatuan Alam
Ardi Mustakim
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Teknik Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Pekasam Ikan Gabus (Chana Striata) Khalim Purnomo; Ardi Mustakim
Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Juli : Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/polygon.v3i4.675

Abstract

Pekasam is a traditional fermented fish product that involves microbial activity, particularly lactic acid bacteria, during its fermentation process. This study aims to isolate and identify bacterial species involved in the fermentation of gabus fish (Channa striata). Samples were collected at different stages of fermentation and analyzed microbiologically. The isolation procedure utilized selective media such as MRS agar and Nutrient Agar (NA). The resulting colonies were observed based on morphology and further identified through biochemical tests, Gram staining, and oxidase tests. The results indicated the dominance of several bacterial isolates, primarily from the Lactobacillus genus. Identification confirmed that lactic acid bacteria played a crucial role in the fermentation process and contributed to the characteristic flavor of the pekasam. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of traditional fish fermentation and offers potential for utilizing local probiotic strains in traditional food products.
Metode Penelitian Ilmiah Uji Keamanan Mikrobiologis Pisang Sale Khas Muaro Bungo sebagai Produk Pangan Siap Konsumsi Ratu Zara; Ardi Mustakim
Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Juli : Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/polygon.v3i4.689

Abstract

Bananas are a tropical fruit that is popular because of its sweet taste and high nutrient content. However, bananas have a major drawback, which is a short shelf life. After reaching perfect ripeness, the banana will undergo a change in mushy texture, the skin will appear black spots, and there will be a growth of yeast that causes the appearance of the banana to be damaged and unfit for consumption. However, ripe bananas that look visually bad still contain high glucose, which can be used in fermentation or advanced processing. One of the solutions to avoid losses due to ripe banana spoilage is to process it into banana sale. Banana sale is a processed product produced from ripe bananas that go through a drying process to reduce the moisture content to a safe level, so that it can extend its shelf life. This drying process can be done by two methods, namely drying in the sun and smoking. The purpose of both methods is to reduce the water content of bananas, so that they are not easily damaged by microorganisms. Using this technique, bananas that are prone to spoilage can be transformed into more durable products, have a distinctive taste, and have a high selling value. The quality of banana sales is influenced by various factors, such as its color, taste, aroma, texture, and shelf life. By processing bananas for sale, their economic value can increase significantly. Farmers can not only reduce losses due to bananas that do not sell well in the fresh market, but also earn additional income from value-added processed products. Banana sale products have great potential to be developed as one of the processed food products that have economic value and are beneficial to the community (Masuku, M. A., 2023; Lestari, S., et al., 2024).
Analisis Mikrobiologi Kue Buayo Berendam: Studi Eksperimen pada Makanan Tradisional Jambi Saffana Aura Balqis; Ardi Mustakim
Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Juli : Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/polygon.v3i4.690

Abstract

Kue buayo berendam is a traditional food from Jambi that is unique in terms of ingredients, taste, and processing method. This food is made from glutinous rice flour and coconut milk, which gives it a chewy texture and a savory and sweet taste. With the increasing interest in functional foods that are not only delicious but also beneficial for health, kue buayo berendam has the potential for further study, especially in terms of its microbial content. One interesting aspect to study is the presence of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially from the genus Lactobacillus, which is known to have probiotic benefits. This study aims to identify the presence of Lactobacillus spp. in kue buayo berendam to determine the probiotic potential of this traditional food. The methodology used in the study included bacterial isolation from cake samples, observation of colony morphology, Gram staining to determine the type of bacterial cell wall, and a series of biochemical tests to identify the characteristics of the bacteria found. From the results of isolation and identification, it was found that most of the bacteria successfully cultured were Lactobacillus spp., which are Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacteria. The presence of Lactobacillus spp. The results of the research on kue buayo berendam (soaked crocodile cake) indicate that this food not only has cultural and flavor value but also has the potential to be a source of natural probiotics. Probiotics are known to play a role in maintaining digestive health, boosting the immune system, and balancing the gut microbiota. Therefore, kue buayo berendam (soaked crocodile cake) can be further developed as a traditional functional food that supports public health. These findings open up opportunities to enhance the nutritional and health value of local fermented foods, while preserving regional culinary heritage in more innovative and value-added forms.  
Metode Penelitian Ilmiah Karakteristik dan Potensi Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) pada Makanan Khas Melayu (Tempoyak) sebagai Agensi Probiotik Nawra Nurvidilla; Ardi Mustakim
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia, Fisika dan Biologi Vol. 1 No. 5 (2025): September : Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia, Fisika dan Biologi
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jupenkifb.v1i5.609

Abstract

Cell-based therapy is an innovative approach currently experiencing rapid development in the biomedical field, particularly in the areas of immunotherapy and gene therapy. This approach utilizes living cells, such as genetically modified T cells, to recognize and destroy abnormal cells such as cancer cells or cells with genetic mutations. The development of gene engineering technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, has enabled scientists to precisely edit damaged genes, thereby repairing or restoring normal cell function. This study aims to examine recent advances in cell-based therapy, focusing on cell modification techniques, the efficiency of the immune system in targeting cancer cells, and the integration of gene therapy technology and immune cells. Furthermore, this study also identifies several challenges that remain, including the risk of side effects due to undesirable immune reactions, the genetic stability of the modified cells, and the long-term sustainability or viability of transplanted cells. While these challenges remain serious concerns, several clinical studies have shown that cell-based therapy has significant potential in the treatment of difficult-to-treat diseases, such as advanced cancer and rare genetic disorders. The results of this study demonstrate that cell-based therapy not only offers a new approach to treatment but also opens the door to more personalized and precise therapies. However, for broader implementation in clinical practice, further, in-depth research is needed regarding safety, long-term efficacy, and strict regulation. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of more effective and safe future therapies.
Analisis Mikrobiologis Jus Buah Pinang (Areca Catechu L.): Pendekatan Eksperimen Mikrobiologis Nindy Adisha Puti Hanumsari; Ardi Mustakim
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia, Fisika dan Biologi Vol. 1 No. 5 (2025): September : Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia, Fisika dan Biologi
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jupenkifb.v1i5.610

Abstract

The betel nut (Areca catechu) is a tropical plant that thrives in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. This plant has long been known in traditional medicine and local culture for its content of various beneficial active compounds. One form of its utilization that has rarely been scientifically studied is fresh betel nut juice. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a preliminary assessment of the characteristics of fresh betel nut juice, particularly from a physical, chemical, and microbiological perspective. The juice production process is carried out simply by squeezing fresh betel nuts without the addition of chemicals or heating. Based on initial observations, the betel nut juice exhibits a distinctive reddish-brown color and a sharp, pungent aroma. This color and aroma likely originate from the phenolic and alkaloid compounds naturally present in the betel nut. pH measurements indicate that the juice has a fairly high acidity level, which can affect the stability of microorganisms within it. Qualitative tests of the chemical composition of the betel nut juice indicate the presence of bioactive compounds, particularly tannins and alkaloids. Tannins are known to have antimicrobial activity, while alkaloids act as physiologically active compounds that can affect the nervous system. However, the presence of these compounds does not completely inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Through simple isolation of microorganisms from the fresh juice, bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus spp., which are typically associated with natural fermentation processes, were found. The presence of these bacteria indicates that fresh areca nut juice can be a potential growth medium for certain microorganisms, particularly lactic acid bacteria. This finding opens up opportunities for further research into the use of areca nut juice as a natural fermentation agent that may have functional and probiotic value.
Fermentasi Tradisional Buah Nipah (Nypa fruticans) dan Uji Kandungan Etanol Secara Organoleptik dan Destilasi Andini; Ardi Mustakim
Menulis: Jurnal Penelitian Nusantara Vol. 1 No. 8 (2025): Menulis - Agustus
Publisher : PT. Padang Tekno Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59435/menulis.v1i8.592

Abstract

Permasalahan dalam pemanfaatan buah nipah (Nypa fruticans) sebagai bahan baku bioetanol terletak pada rendahnya kadar gula alami yang dimilikinya, sehingga fermentasi alami sulit berlangsung optimal. Penelitian ini menawarkan solusi melalui fermentasi tradisional dengan penambahan ragi tape dan gula pasir untuk mendukung pembentukan etanol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi buah nipah difermentasi secara sederhana dan menguji kandungan etanolnya melalui metode organoleptik dan destilasi. Proses fermentasi dilakukan selama tujuh hari dalam wadah tertutup tisu steril dan diamati setiap hari secara visual. Uji pembakaran menggunakan hasil destilasi dilakukan pada media tisu untuk mendeteksi senyawa mudah terbakar. Hasil menunjukkan adanya aroma khas alkohol dan nyala api bertahan selama ±20 detik pada tisu yang dibasahi cairan destilat. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa fermentasi menghasilkan etanol dengan estimasi kadar berkisar antara 1–3% volume per volume. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa buah nipah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku bioetanol melalui metode sederhana, meskipun kadar yang dihasilkan masih tergolong rendah dan membutuhkan optimasi lanjutan.
Analisis Morfologi dan Distribusi Bakteri Fermentatif pada Bekasam Ikan Nila Melalui Pewarnaan Gram, Kristal Violet dan Safranin Sabnatun Nikmah; Ardi Mustakim
Mutiara : Jurnal Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Agustus : Jurnal Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah
Publisher : STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59059/mutiara.v3i4.2722

Abstract

Bekasam is a traditional fermented product made from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) containing a variety of fermentative microorganisms. This study aims to observe the morphology and distribution of fermentative bacteria in bekasam tilapia using the Gram staining method with crystal violet and safranin. Bekasam samples were fermented traditionally, then 1 gram of sample was taken and serial dilutions were carried out, followed by cultivation on Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The growing colonies were stained using crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, and safranin. This differential staining allows the identification of Gram-positive (purple) and Gram-negative (pink) bacteria. Microscopic observations showed a variety of bacterial shapes, including rod-shaped (bacilli) and spherical (cocci), with a fairly even distribution of Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The conclusion of this study is that bekasam contains a mixture of fermentative bacteria that can be identified through Gram staining, and this method is effective for the initial characterization of microorganisms in fermented foods. This research is useful for supporting the development of safer and more functionally valuable traditional fermented products. Furthermore, the results of this study also demonstrate the importance of understanding the role of fermentative bacteria in the bekasam-making process, which can contribute to the quality and safety of fermented products. By understanding the types and distribution of bacteria involved, producers can better understand the factors that influence the fermentation process, such as temperature, time, and raw materials. This knowledge also opens up opportunities to improve bekasam quality, both in terms of taste, texture, and nutritional content. Therefore, further research into the characteristics of other microorganisms involved in bekasam fermentation is crucial to ensure that this product is not only safe for consumption but also offers greater health benefits for consumers.
Uji Efektivitas Soda Pinus Sebagai Agen Antimikroba Alami Menggunakan Metode Difusi Cakram Agistha Dwi Lestari; Ardi Mustakim
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan dan Biologi Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September: Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan dan Biologi
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jucapenbi.v2i3.637

Abstract

Pine soda is a natural fermented liquid from pine needles (Pinus merkusii) which has a distinctive aroma and contains bioactive compounds with potential as antimicrobial agents. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of pine soda against Staphylococcus aureus using the disc diffusion method and to compare its effectiveness with the antibiotic ampicillin as a positive control. The process of making pine soda is carried out through simple fermentation of Pinus merkusii pine needles under certain conditions to produce a fragrant liquid. Furthermore, qualitative tests are carried out to identify the content of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, phenols, and essential oils, which are known to have antibacterial properties. In the antibacterial activity test, paper discs that have been soaked in pine soda solutions with graded concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) are placed on agar media that have been inoculated with S. aureus. The results of the observation showed the presence of inhibition zones in each treatment with varying sizes. The largest inhibition zone was obtained at a concentration of 10% with a diameter of 10 mm, which is included in the medium inhibition category. As a comparison, ampicillin produced an inhibition zone of 26.3 mm, while distilled water, the negative control, showed no inhibition zone. These findings indicate that the antibacterial activity of pine soda is influenced by its bioactive compound content, although its effectiveness is still lower than that of standard antibiotics. This potential opens up opportunities for developing pine soda as a safe natural antibacterial agent, whether in the form of health products such as antiseptics, natural cleaners, or functional beverages that support body health. Further research is needed to optimize the fermentation process, increase the concentration of active compounds, and test its effectiveness against various types of pathogenic bacteria.
Identifikasi Jamur dari Singkong (Manihot Esculenta) Berdasarkan Pewarnaan Gram dan Morfologi Koloni Fhariza Liandri Chardy; Ardi Mustakim
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan dan Biologi Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September: Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan dan Biologi
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jucapenbi.v2i3.658

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a staple food rich in carbohydrates and widely consumed by people in various regions, especially in tropical regions such as Indonesia. Besides being easy to cultivate, cassava also has a high economic value. However, cassava has a major weakness, namely its perishability after harvest. This damage is often caused by contamination by microorganisms, especially fungi, which can grow rapidly in unhygienic and humid storage conditions. Fungal contamination not only causes odor and reduces sound quality but also has the potential to produce mycotoxins that are harmful to human health. Therefore, identifying the type of fungus growing on cassava is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and type of fungus growing on cassava through a colony morphology approach and Gram staining using crystal violet. The research method began with dilution of cassava samples, then inoculated into Nutrient Agar (NA) media, incubated for 48 hours at room temperature, and continued with microscopic examination. Staining with crystal violet aims to clarify the morphological structure of the fungus such as hyphae and spores. Observations revealed the growth of characteristic fungal colonies, as well as hyphal and spore structures that readily absorbed crystal violet. This demonstrates that this simple morphological and staining method is quite effective in providing initial insights into fungal identification. This information is expected to form the basis for developing safer and more durable cassava storage methods. Further research is recommended on specific identification using molecular testing. This step will broaden our understanding of the toxicological potential and post-harvest handling of cassava.
Analisis Mikrobiologi Bekasam Ikan: Pengamatan dan Identifikasi Bakteri Menggunakan Teknik Pewarnaan Violet Safranin dan Iodine Khusnul Khotimah Rijie; Ardi Mustakim
Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : Polygon : Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/polygon.v3i5.729

Abstract

Fish bekasam is one of Indonesia's traditional fermented products that involves the activity of microorganisms, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB), to produce unique organoleptic, chemical, and microbiological characteristics. The fermentation process of bekasam plays a significant role not only in extending the shelf life of fish but also in creating a distinctive sour taste and texture that differs from other fish products. This study aims to analyze the microbiological community involved in the fish bekasam fermentation process through observation and identification of bacteria using Safranin Violet and Iodine staining techniques. This study employs a literature review approach, examining various references related to the fermentation process, the dominant bacteria species, and the environmental factors that affect the quality of bekasam. The analysis revealed that lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, and Pediococcus spp. play an important role in the fermentation of bekasam fish. These bacteria produce lactic acid, which contributes to the sour taste and plays a role in forming the product's texture. The Safranin Violet and Iodine staining techniques were effective for identifying bacteria based on their cell wall characteristics, with Gram-positive bacteria dominating the fermentation process. Environmental factors such as the fermentation time, salt concentration, and the addition of ingredients like carbohydrates or turmeric extract influence the dynamics of bacterial populations in the fermentation of bekasam. This study also emphasizes the importance of controlling pathogenic bacterial contamination, such as Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, to ensure food safety in bekasam products. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the microbiological dynamics in fish bekasam fermentation and the relevance of staining techniques in microbiological analysis, which can be used to improve the quality and safety of traditional fermented products. This study also opens opportunities for developing safer and higher-quality bekasam products.
Co-Authors Afifatur Rizqiah Afreni Hamidah Agistha Dwi Lestari Airin Nurfaiza Aisha Noviadianty Anattri, Lega Andini Anggun Sarttika Erinza Annisa Tuzzahra Arfina, Nabila Arifa, Rifka Fadhlina Arum Dwi Arimbi Astari, Milla Aulia Ramadhani Azzahra, Syasya Bambang Hariyadi Citra Bunga Lestari Dea Lestari Dea Miranda Saputri Dian Novita Dina Oktalia Putri Dini Anjani Evelyn Luna Anggraini Fathiya Rizki Aninda Felisha Putri Maida Fhariza Liandri Chardy Ilham Falani Indah Maisyarah Buliani Indri Artanti Intan Hapsari Isnaini Yulia Lestari Kayla Khairatifah Zalianti Keila Ramadhani Khalim Purnomo Khusnul Khotimah Rijie Latifatus Zahroh Leviona Dhina Safira Lilik Hevinovisa Lisa Fitriana Luciana Bunga Sari Lulu Wafiq Wafizo Marsya Marsya Marvina Marvina Maura Maharani Mayla Fasha Azla Milla Astari Mulyadi, Elvaro Islami Muthiya Amalia Nailla Indayani Sumardi Nanik Apriyanti Nasanda, Fika Nasanda, Shafitri, Fika Nawra Nurvidilla Nayla Azzahrah Nayla Fazilla Nadin Nazwa Nayla Putri Nindy Adisha Puti Hanumsari Nirmala Nirmala, Nirmala Ni’matullathifah Ni’matullathifah Ni’matullathifah Novita Maharani Nyimas Fatiyah Aini Oktalia Putri, Dina Okti Sonya Rahmadani Purnomo, Khalim Putri Rahmadani Putri, Dina Oktalia Queenara Yulianingtyas, Mutia Ratu Zara Rezky Maulidiya Rifky Rifaldo Munthe Sabnatun Nikmah Saffana Aura Balqis Salsabila Rahman Setiana Safitri Shafitri Shafitri Shafitri, Shafitri Siti Dwi Cahira Sri Nanda Suci Fabilla Suci Tri Ramadhani Tamimil Hasanah Tassa Tassa Tata Anggraini Teuku Daffa Hasian Tiara Nabila Putri Tiara Nabilah Putri Yulianingtyas, Mutia Queenara Zaskia Rahmawati Zinda Rizkia Aprilia