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Narra J
Published by PT Narra Sains Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28072618     DOI : https://doi.org/10.52225/narraj
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Narra J is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published three times (April, August, December) a year. The objective is to promote articles on infection, public health, global health, tropical infection, one health and diseases in tropics. Narra J publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to infection, public health, global health, tropical infection, one health and diseases in tropics. The journal publishes Original articles, Short Report, Review articles, and Letters to the Editor. All articles published in Narra J are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation. Narra J publishes the primary research papers, review articles, short communications and letters on topics but not limited to: Public health Global health Infection Tropical diseases One health Biomedical sciences Epidemiology and clinical epidemiology Molecular biology Environmental health Microbiology Pharmacological sciences Diseases in tropics
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 565 Documents
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Exploring adolescent girls' involvement in decision-making processes regarding child marriage: A systematic review Wahyuningsih, Sri; Widati, Sri; Puspitasari, Nunik; Salim, Lutfi A.; Azkiya, Mohammad W.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1656

Abstract

Child marriage often involves adolescents aged 10–19 years and poses significant health risks and challenges to gender equality. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the involvement of adolescent girls in decision-making processes regarding child marriage and identify influencing factors. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this review covered studies published between January 2014 and July 2024. The databases searched included ScienceDirect, Springer Link, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis, using terms related to adolescent girls, decision-making, and child marriage. Inclusion criteria targeted studies involving girls aged 10–19, with methods including qualitative, quantitative, longitudinal, and mixed-method, published in English. Data extraction and quality assessment followed the standards of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Of 6,967 articles, 29 met the inclusion criteria, spanning 26 countries across three continents, with 51.7% being qualitative studies. Economic pressure was identified as the primary driver of child marriage, with significant parental and community influences restricting the girls' decision-making autonomy. Parents, especially fathers, often force girls into marriage to reduce economic burdens and enhance family honor. Some adolescent girls initiate marriage to escape adverse home conditions or societal stigma. Education and strong family support emerged as protective factors, while entrenched social norms perpetuated early marriages. Comprehensive approaches including educational improvement, economic support, and social norm transformation are essential. Addressing child marriage requires multidimensional strategies, encompassing enhanced educational opportunities, economic support, and changing entrenched social norms. Future research should focus on interventions that boost adolescent girls' life skills and decision-making autonomy to delay marriage and enable informed choices.
Tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors: A retrospective study in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Meiyanti, Meiyanti; Bachtiar, Adang; Kusumaratna, Rina K.; Alfiyyah, Arifah; Machrumnizar, Machrumnizar; Pusparini, Pusparini
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1660

Abstract

Successfully treating tuberculosis (TB) could significantly help reduce its spread. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment. A retrospective study was conducted in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, using data from the National TB Information System (SITB) covering patients from January 1 to December 31, 2022. Patients were classified into two groups: those with successful treatment outcomes (cured or completed treatment) and those with unsuccessful outcomes (including treatment failure, loss to follow-up, or death). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes, providing odds ratios (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 2,225 TB patients (1,382 males and 843 females) were included in the study. Of these, 2,048 (92.1%) achieved successful treatment outcomes. Univariate analysis indicated that older age (OR: 0.47; 95%CI: 0.28–0.78) and a high number of AFB in sputum smears (OR: 0.23; 95%CI: 0.09–0.66) were associated with a higher likelihood of unsuccessful TB treatment. In contrast, having no HIV infection (OR: 13.44; 95%CI: 6.22–29.08), clinical TB cases (diagnosed clinically rather than bacteriologically) (OR: 1.50; 95%CI: 1.04–2.20) and longer duration of TB treatments were associated with successful treatment outcomes. Multivariate analysis suggested that the TB treatment durations of 4–6 months (aOR: 1256.95; 95%CI: 431.89–3658.19) and 7–12 months (aOR: 575.5; 95%CI: 99.1–3342.06) were associated with a significantly higher likelihood of success compared to durations of 0–3 months. In conclusion, this study highlights that a minimum treatment duration of three months was crucial for increasing the likelihood of successful TB treatment. These findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive support programs to ensure adherence to treatment guidelines and improve outcomes.
Effects of traditional music therapy on the psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrine aspect of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers: A randomized controlled trial Ardani, Yanuar; Shatri, Hamzah; Koesnoe, Sukamto; Yunir, Em; Wiguna, Tjhin; Wibowo, Heri; Sawitri, Dian R.; Sarwono, Sugeng J.; Masyur, Muhtaruddin; Ricardo, William; Katarina, Matilda; Anggono, Rendi F.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1686

Abstract

Burnout syndrome (BOS) is an occupational phenomenon highly prevalent among healthcare workers, particularly physicians and nurses. Despite its prevalence, no single therapy universally addresses all cases of BOS. The aim of this study was to develop a novel approach to managing BOS through traditional music therapy, evaluated from psychosomatic, neurological, immunological, and endocrine perspectives. The study involved 80 participants who were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received traditional music therapy for 10–15 minutes, three times a week, over four weeks. Key outcomes were assessed at weeks 2 and 4. Measurements included the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), heart rate variability (HRV), saliva cortisol, saliva β-endorphin, saliva immunoglobulin A (IgA), and serum FOXP3. Instruments included the MBI-HSS questionnaire and HRV measuring devices. Over four weeks, significant improvements were observed in the MBI scores (p=0.001), HRV (p=0.001), and FOXP3 delta (p=0.035) in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were found for cortisol, β-endorphin, or IgA. These findings suggest that traditional music therapy positively impacts the psychological, neurological, and immunological aspects of BOS and potentially influences immunological and endocrine responses. Future research should explore the effects of longer intervention durations, test varying doses, and examine the combination of music therapy with other non-pharmacological treatments to enhance its therapeutic potential.
Fungistatic activity and mechanism of Caulerpa racemosa, Caulerpa lentillifera fractions and caulerpin metabolite against pathogenic fungi Nursidika, Perdina; Julianti, Elin; Kurniati, Neng F.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1714

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of azole resistance in various fungal species presents a significant concern, highlighting the urgent need for new antifungal agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of fractions from Caulerpa racemosa, C. lentillifera, and caulerpin against three species: Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, and Candida albicans. The Caulerpa extracts were obtained through maceration with 96% ethanol, followed by fractionation using vacuum liquid chromatography. Antifungal activity was assessed using the broth microdilution method, while fungal growth kinetics were evaluated through time-kill curves. Bioautography was employed to identify inhibitory compounds, while liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was utilized to detect the contents of the extracts and fractions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the fungal structure, and the absorbance at 260/280 nm was measured to evaluate the cell leakage. LC-HRMS identified numerous compounds in C. racemosa and C. lentillifera with antifungal activities, including fatty acids, terpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, and coumarins. The results indicate that the fractions of both Caulerpa did not inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. niger, but effectively inhibited C. albicans. Among the fractions, F3CR and F4CL exhibited the highest antifungal efficacy against C. albicans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 64 to 128 µg/mL. Caulerpin, the primary metabolite of Caulerpa, also demonstrated significant inhibition, with an MIC of 256 µg/mL. The findings suggested that F3CR, F4CL, and caulerpin possessed fungistatic properties. Bioautography results revealed clear zones in the colonies, indicating inhibited fungal growth. The SEM observations showed that fungal cells became rough, perforated, and damaged, which was confirmed by the increase in absorbance at 260/280 nm, suggesting the release of cellular components such as nucleotides and proteins. In conclusion, both Caulerpa species and caulerpin are promising candidates for developing new antifungal agents against C. albicans.
HOMA-IR value in predicting retinal microvascular dysfunction Prayitnaningsih, Seskoati; Yuniasih, Kristina; Kautsarani, Intan; Hamid, Aulia A.; Iskandar, Agustin
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1732

Abstract

Obesity and retinal microvasculature dysfunction are linked and impact visual acuity. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the HOMA-IR score and the presence of vascular dysfunction (perfusion index and flux index) of the optic nerve head (ONH) of the retina in obese patients and to determine its diagnostic performance to predict vascular dysfunction. A case-control study was conducted in 2022 involving individuals from obese and non-obese groups. Insulin resistance was measured using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) score using the levels of insulin and fasting glucose. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was performed to evaluate the flux index and capillary perfusion of ONH. The correlation between HOMA-IR, flux index, and capillary perfusion was assessed using Pearson’s correlation, and the diagnostic performance of HOMA-IR, including sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC), was measured. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between the HOMA-IR cutoff score with the presence of retinal microvascular dysfunction. A total of 80 individuals were included from each obese and non-obese group. The HOMA-IR score showed significant negative correlations with the perfusion of the superior (p<0.001), inferior (p<0.001), and outer (p=0.008) regions of the retinal of ONH. For the flux index, the HOMA-IR score had significant negative correlations with the superior (p=0.001), inferior (p<0.001), nasal (p=0.003), and outer (p=0.035) regions of ONH of the retina. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the HOMA-IR score at a cutoff value of 5.51 demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.819, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.727 to 0.912, suggesting its effectiveness in detecting vascular dysfunction. Multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant association between the HOMA-IR cutoff score of 5.51 with capillary perfusion of the superior (p=0.005) and nasal region (p=0.043), as well as the flux index of the inferior (p=0.013) and outer (p=0.022) regions of the ONH. These findings suggest that HOMA-IR is a promising biomarker for predicting retinal microvascular dysfunction in obese patients.
Post-traumatic stress disorder, stress burden, and quality of life among caregivers of children with cancer in Egypt Ramy, Hisham A.; Sultan, Sara M.; Salama, Rasha A.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1740

Abstract

Caregivers of children with cancer frequently endure considerable psychological distress. The challenging nature of caregiving, combined with the emotional burden of witnessing a child's illness and treatment, can impact the quality of life and lead to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in these caregivers. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PTSD among caregivers of pediatric cancer patients and to identify the risk factors contributing to its development. Additionally, it examined the stress burden on caregivers and its impact on their quality of life. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted over six months at the outpatient pediatric oncology clinics in Ain Shams University Hospital and the National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt. The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, Zarit Burden Interview, and PCASEE quality of life were utilized to assess the PTSD symptoms, perceived burden, and quality of life, respectively. A total of 60 caregivers of children with cancer and 60 caregivers of children without cancer were included. Among the caregivers of children with cancer, 91.3% (n=55) exhibited post-traumatic stress symptoms, with 31.3% (n=19) meeting the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, compared to 0% of caregivers of children without cancer. Caregivers of children with cancer had significantly higher stress burden and lower quality of life scores compared to caregivers of children without cancer (48.66±9.95 vs 13.25±5.64; p=0.001 and 51.8±15.2 vs 72.2±14.3; p<0.001, respectively). Young age (p=0.033), being a mother (p=0.003), and taking care of those with tumor relapse (p=0.012) were identified as significant factors associated with PTSD development among caregivers of cancer patients. Moreover, caregivers of children with cancer experienced significantly higher stress burden levels and reduced quality of life compared to those caring for children without cancer (p=0.001), further increasing their risk of developing PTSD. These findings highlight the critical need for targeted psychological support and interventions to improve the well-being of these caregivers.
Global prevalence and contributing factors of transplant renal artery stenosis in renal transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis Tamara, Fredo; Fajar, Jonny K.; Gersom, Camoya; Wicaksono, Ramadi S.; Tupamahu, Alvira R.; Huda, Fariz N.; Sari, Fitria R.; Dela, Jamaludin A.; Putri, Irawati E.; Sutrisno, Muhammad A.; Putra, Riyantono; Dwinata, Michael; Friatna, Yudha; Albaar, Thoha M.; Susanto, Agung; Dewi, Ratih TK.; Suseno, Aryo; Samsu, Nur
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1782

Abstract

Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a serious complication of renal transplantation, with its prevalence and associated factors remaining inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the global prevalence and risk factors associated with TRAS incidence in renal transplant recipients. We conducted a meta-analysis by collecting data on the prevalence and factors associated with TRAS from articles in Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. The prevalence of TRAS was determined using a single-arm meta-analysis. The factors associated with TRAS were determined using Mantel-Haenszel analysis or inverse variance analysis. Out of 28,599 articles from the searches, 31 of them were included in the analysis. The global prevalence of TRAS was 6% among renal transplant recipients. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, longer duration of dialysis before transplant, deceased donor, acute rejection, delayed graft function, longer cold ischemic time, and prolonged peak systolic velocity were associated with an increased risk of TRAS. Age, gender, peripheral artery disease (PAD) comorbidity, causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), previous dialysis modality, and cytomegalovirus infection were not associated with TRAS incidence. In conclusion, the global prevalence of TRAS in renal transplant recipients is relatively high, and some of the contributing factors to the development of TRAS are preventable. These findings could serve as a guideline for informing the management of TRAS in the future.
Acceptance for a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine in Indonesia: A follow-up study Harapan, Harapan; Maelani, Imelda; Anwar, Samsul; Latief, Kamaluddin; Mellinia, Sania A.; Nanda, Cut M.; Nainu, Firzan; Nirwana, Aura; Aksa, Rahmad; Sarifuddin, Sarifuddin; Astri, Yesi; Fathima, Raisha; Nalapraya, Widhy Y.; Ikram, Ikram; Mutiara, Suci; Syahraini, Aigia; Mudatsir, Mudatsir
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.803

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination program in Indonesia has been implemented as a key strategy to mitigate the spread of the virus within communities. The success of this program depends on public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, including booster doses. The aim of this study was to assess the acceptance of the COVID-19 booster dose in Indonesia and to identify factors influencing individuals' acceptance. A cross-sectional study was conducted across 34 provinces in Indonesia on June 2023. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with booster dose uptake. The findings revealed that 88.8% (2,049/2,308) of respondents were willing to receive a booster dose if provided free of charge by the Indonesian government. However, acceptance decreased to 61.7% when respondents were informed of a 20% likelihood of side effects, even with a reported 95% vaccine efficacy. Adjusted logistic regression analysis identified ten significant factors associated with booster dose acceptance: sex, age, religion, history of previous COVID-19 infection, type of primary vaccine received, belief in vaccine-related conspiracy theories, trust in traditional medicine conspiracies, confidence in natural immunity, perceived vaccine efficacy, and perceived vaccine effectiveness. These findings suggest that acceptance of COVID-19 booster doses in Indonesia is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including limited knowledge of booster dose benefits and concerns about potential side effects. To enhance public acceptance, targeted health campaigns and educational initiatives should be intensified, emphasizing the safety, efficacy, and importance of booster vaccinations in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Exploring the potential of calcium-fortified sweet potato noodles for osteoporosis prevention: Insights from in vivo rat studies Ambarwati , Karsi; Giriwono, Puspo E.; Handharyani, Ekowati; Yasni, Sedarnawati
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1075

Abstract

Calcium (Ca) deficiency is a primary contributor to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by low bone density and increased fracture risk. Fortifying widely consumed foods with calcium is one approach for addressing this insufficiency. Given the popularity of noodles, adding Ca to them offers a promising approach to enhancing Ca intake within communities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles on osteoporosis prevention. This study used 4-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats. A completely randomized design was used with four treatment groups: CS (SHAM, control diet), CO (Sham, test diet), US (OVX, control diet), and UO (OVX, test diet). Both control and test diets, which included Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles, were administered to OVX (ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis model) and SHAM (control for surgical procedure) groups for two months. At the end of the experiments, serum Ca levels were collected and analyzed for Ca and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and their bones were analyzed for physical properties and bone mineral density (BMD) using X-ray analysis. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan as a post hoc test. The intervention of Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles for two months significantly increased serum Ca levels and reduced ALP levels compared to controls, both in SHAM (Ca: 38.03±0.877 mg/dL; ALP: 355±38.0 IU/L) and OVX (Ca: 36.18±2.810 mg/dL; ALP: 340±5.5 IU/L) groups. The test diet maintained the ratio of bone weight to bone volume and preserved the Ca content in the rats' bones. OVX rats consuming the test diet for two months exhibited significantly higher femur bone strength than OVX rats consuming the control diet (test: 6.50±0.300 kg; control: 4.83±0.289 kg). There was no significant difference in BMD between the SHAM and OVX groups on the test diet, indicating that the test diet can maintain bone BMD despite accelerated aging. These findings suggest that Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles can serve as a dietary Ca source, contributing to the prevention of osteoporosis by maintaining serum Ca levels, preserving bone Ca content, as well as maintaining bone density and strength.
Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy in distinguishing malignancy in large thyroid nodules: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression Zulfa, Putri O.; Iqhrammullah, Muhammad; Zufry, Hendra
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1120

Abstract

Controversy persists regarding the effectiveness of ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB) in distinguishing malignancies in large thyroid nodules. The prevailing belief that larger thyroid nodules inherently pose a higher risk of malignancy has led to a common practice of suggesting thyroidectomy for large thyroid nodules. Herein, the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative US-FNAB for distinguishing malignancy in large thyroid nodules. A search for published records was carried out on 20 October 2023, utilizing the search feature available on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar. Patients with large thyroid nodules (3 cm or larger) who underwent preoperative US-FNAB and postoperative histopathological tests were included. Related outcomes, including false positive (FP), false negative (FN), true negative (TN), true positive (TP), specificity, and sensitivity, were extracted from each study. Pooled specificity and sensitivity were estimated, and the summarized receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve, along with the summarized area under the curve (sAUC), was calculated. Out of 133 articles identified across four databases, 10 studies with a total sample of 2752 patients were included. The overall diagnostic sensitivity was 72% (95%CI: 50–86%; p=0.00) and specificity was 96% (95%CI: 87–90%; p=0.00). The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 93% (95%CI: 89–98%) and 75% (95%CI: 72–79%), respectively. sAUC was 93%, suggesting the diagnostic tool is accurate. Meta-regression analysis revealed that factors such as the number of samples, country (high-income vs upper-middle income), demographic characteristics (age and gender), and different thyroid size cut-off values did not significantly impact the sensitivity or specificity of US-FNAB. In conclusion, the present study confirms the reliability of US-FNAB in distinguishing malignancy in large thyroid nodules, emphasizing its role in reducing unnecessary thyroidectomy by identifying high-risk patients and challenging the conventional practice of routine thyroidectomy for large thyroid nodules.

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