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Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Published by Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26563088     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences (JPS) with e-ISSN: 2656-3088 is a scholarly peer-reviewed open access journal related to Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, biotechnology, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Pharmacy practice, Pharmacogenomics, Medicinal Chemistry, Molecular Pharmacology, Novel drug delivery system, Nanotechnology, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Natural Chemistry, Polymer Sciences, Clinical Pharmacy, pharmaceutical management, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, clinical pharmacy, community pharmacy, social pharmacy, pharmaceutical marketing, government policies related to pharmacy, pharmaceutical care, Medical Biotechnology, Biochemistry, food chemistry, health and applied sciences relevant to the field of pharmacy. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences (JPS) accepts manuscripts in Indonesian Language (Bahasa Indonesia) with titles and abstracts in bilingual, both Indonesian and English. We accept article manuscripts in the form of original research, literature reviews, and systematic reviews. We do not accept articles in the form of case reports
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 654 Documents
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Interaksi Padatan dan Pembentukan Eutektik dalam Campuran Biner Gemfibrozil-Nikotinamida Prihandini , Khairinna; Wisudyaningsih , Budipratiwi; Wicaksono, Yudi
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.986

Abstract

Background: Gemfibrozil is an antihyperlipidemic drug that effectively lowers cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood. However, it has limitations, primarily low solubility and compactibility. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the solid interactions in a binary mixture of gemfibrozil and nicotinamide, which is useful for modifying the physicochemical properties of gemfibrozil through the formation of multicomponent solids. Methods: The method employed for solid-state interaction analysis was differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which involved constructing solid-liquid phase diagrams, accompanied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify any hydrogen bonding interactions between the components. Results: The results revealed that the gemfibrozil-nicotinamide binary mixture formed a solid-liquid phase diagram characterized by a V-type solid curve. A eutectic mixture was observed at a molar ratio of 8:2, with a eutectic melting point of 59.3 °C. FTIR analysis revealed no hydrogen bonding interactions between gemfibrozil and nicotinamide. Conclusion: It was concluded that gemfibrozil in the binary mixture system did not form a solid interaction with nicotinamide but was a eutectic mixture. These findings can be used to design strategies for improving the physicochemical properties of gemfibrozil through the formation of multicomponent solids.
Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes In Vitro Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) dengan Metode Maserasi Muthia, Rahmi; Afra, Fairuz Yaumil; Nurmansyah, Dian; Fauzana, Erwin; Istiqamah, Qanita
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.991

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health issue, with rising prevalence due to population growth, aging, and lifestyle factors. Melastoma malabthricum L. has potential as an antidiabetic agent based on empirical data and in vivo study. Objective: To determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the extract of Karamunting leaves and to determine the activity and EC50 value of the extract for antidiabetes was evaluated using the Nelson-Somogyi method. Methods: This study used the phytochemical screening approach to identify the active chemicals. 96% ethanol was the solvent used in the maceration process to extract the leaves of M. malabathricum. The Nelson-Somogyi method was used to test the antidiabetic activity by calculated the sample's EC50 value on decreased glucose levels. The Nelson Somogyi method's antidiabetic activity was tested with a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. It operated for 25 minutes at a wavelength of 740 nm. Results: Phenolic chemicals, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins all exhibited positive results from the phytochemical screening. After the addition of 96% ethanol extract of M. malabathricum leaves at gradually higher concentrations, the percentage decrease in glucose levels was 25.32%, 36.90%, 51.39%, 70.87, and 82.83% at concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ppm. R2 = 0.9927 with y = 14.898x + 8.7747. Conclusion: 96% ethanol extract of M.malabathricum leaves contains several active substances, can reduce blood glucose levels and has an EC50 value of 2.76 ppm. Clinically, this implies a promising therapeutic potential with lower required dosages.
Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum Ekstrak dan Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Nurmala, Syandoval Triska Ananda; Rahayu , Yayuk Putri; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Miswanda, Dikki
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.999

Abstract

Background: Fungal infections, particularly those caused by Candida albicans, are a significant health problem in tropical countries such as Indonesia. Humid environmental conditions, inadequate sanitation, high population density, and low socioeconomic levels contribute to the high prevalence of fungal infections. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) are known to contain bioactive compounds with antifungal potential; however, their effectiveness can be enhanced through nanoparticle formulation. Objective: This study aimed to formulate nanoparticles of ethanol extract from papaya leaves and evaluate their antifungal activity against Candida albicans by comparing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) values between the conventional extract and the nanoparticle extract. Methods: This experimental study utilized ethanol extract of papaya leaves and its nanoparticle formulation at varying concentrations. Particle size was characterized using a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Antifungal activity was tested against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 using broth and agar dilution methods as well as the disk diffusion method. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The nanoparticle extract exhibited a smaller particle size (330.27 nm) compared to the conventional extract (2203.45 nm). The MIC of the nanoparticle extract (1.25%) was lower than that of the conventional extract (12.5%), while the MFC of the nanoparticle extract (5%) was equivalent to that of the conventional extract (50%). The disk diffusion test showed that the 5% nanoparticle extract had an inhibition zone of 21.6 mm, classified as sensitive and comparable to the 50% conventional extract. Conclusion: The nanoparticle formulation of papaya leaf extract enhanced antifungal efficacy, enabling a tenfold dose reduction compared to the conventional extract. These findings highlight the potential of nanoparticles as a more efficient alternative therapy for fungal infections.
Pengaruh Pengambilan Keputusan Bersama terhadap Kadar Glukosa dan HbA1c pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus: Tinjauan Literatur Hilmawati, Febriana; Karuniawati , Hidayah
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1008

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with a high global prevalence, requiring comprehensive and patient-centered care. Shared Decision Making (SDM) is a collaborative approach between patients and healthcare providers that has been associated with improved treatment adherence and clinical outcomes in chronic diseases. Objective: This literature review aimed to evaluate the impact of SDM on glycemic control, particularly blood glucose and HbA1c levels, in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases using specific keywords, limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between 2015 and 2025. Inclusion criteria included adult patients with type 1 or type 2 DM, SDM as the primary intervention, and HbA1c or blood glucose levels as clinical outcomes. Results: Five RCTs met the eligibility criteria. Most studies reported a decrease in HbA1c in the intervention group, although only one study showed a statistically significant within-group reduction. No consistent significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups. However, SDM was positively associated with improved patient engagement, satisfaction, and the quality of communication. Conclusion: While evidence regarding the direct impact of SDM on HbA1c remains inconclusive, SDM appears to enhance patient participation and therapeutic communication in diabetes care. Further standardized and long-term studies are needed to confirm its clinical effectiveness.
Formulasi, Evaluasi Sensori Dan Komposisi Gizi Food Bar Berbasis Pisang Dan Tepung Jagung Tinggi Mineral Sebagai Alternatif Pangan Darurat Ameliyah, Rantika Yesi; Hervidea, Radella; Puteri, Hidayatusy Syukrina
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1012

Abstract

Background: As a disaster-prone country, Indonesia requires emergency food that meets the nutritional needs of disaster victims. This study develops a food bar based on local ingredients of kepok banana (Musa paradisiaca) and corn flour as a mineral-rich emergency food alternative. Objective: The research aims to analyze the optimal formulation, sensory evaluation, and nutritional composition of banana and corn flour-based food bars as emergency food products. Methods: This experimental study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three different formulations: F1 (80% banana + 20% corn flour), F2 (70% banana + 30% corn flour), and F3 (20% banana + 80% corn flour). Sensory testing involved 25 panelists evaluating color, aroma, taste, and texture. Data analysis used the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test, while nutritional composition was analyzed through proximate analysis and potassium testing using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Results: The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in color, taste, and texture parameters, but not in aroma (p>0.05). Formulation F1 received the highest scores for taste (3.52) and texture (2.88). Proximate analysis revealed F1 had the highest water content (6.50%) and crude fiber (4.51%), while F3 had the highest carbohydrate content (72.62%). The potassium content of F1 reached 7.13 mg/g, meeting 10-11% of the daily RDI per 50g food bar. Conclusion: Formulation F1 (80% banana + 20% corn flour) is the best choice as emergency food due to its good sensory acceptance and complete nutritional content, particularly its potassium content which is crucial for emergency conditions.
Efek Nefroptotektif Ekstak Etanol Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.) Pada Tikus Yang Diinduksi Rifampicin Fadira, Nurazra; Lubis , Asyrun Alkhairi; Yunus , Muhammad
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1020

Abstract

Background: Drug-induced nephrotoxicity, particularly caused by rifampicin—a first-line antituberculosis drug is a significant contributor to acute kidney dysfunction. The search for effective and safe nephroprotective agents to mitigate this side effect is crucial, and garlic (Allium sativum L.), with its potent antioxidant content, has emerged as a promising candidate. Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of ethanol extract of garlic (EEG) in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced with rifampicin, based on serum creatinine levels, relative kidney weight, and histopathological findings. Methods: An in vivo experimental study was conducted on 25 rats randomly divided into five groups: (GI) normal control (distilled water); (GII) negative control (rifampicin 100 mg/kg BW, intraperitoneal); and three treatment groups (GIII, GIV, GV) receiving rifampicin 100 mg/kg BW and EEG at doses of 50, 120, and 300 mg/kg BW orally. Treatments were administered for 10 days. The measured parameters were serum creatinine levels, relative kidney weight, and histopathological damage scores (degeneration, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration). Results: Rifampicin induction (GII) significantly increased serum creatinine levels (1.28 ± 0.79 mg/dL) compared to the normal control (0.57 ± 0.05 mg/dL) (p<0.001). Administration of EEG at doses of 50, 120, and 300 mg/kg BW significantly reduced creatinine levels (0.53 ± 0.05; 0.51 ± 0.18; 0.51 ± 0.04 mg/dL, respectively). The relative kidney weight was highest in GII (1.6%), whereas treatment groups showed values close to normal. Histopathological analysis revealed the highest damage score in GII (score 2; 25–50%), while treatment groups, particularly the 300 mg/kg BW dose, showed the mildest damage (score 1; 5–25%). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of garlic exerts nephroprotective effects against rifampicin-induced kidney damage in rats, as evidenced by reduced serum creatinine levels, improvement in relative kidney weight, and amelioration of histopathological structures. These protective effects were dose-dependent, with the 300 mg/kg BW dose showing the most optimal outcome.
Efek Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Etanol Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi oleh Etilen Glikol Anselia , Bella; Lubis , Asyrun Alkhairi; Sembiring, Novitaria Br
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1021

Abstract

Background: The kidney is a vital organ susceptible to damage from exposure to nephrotoxic compounds such as ethylene glycol. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is known to contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential that may protect the kidney from injury. However, its effectiveness as a nephroprotective agent needs to be scientifically validated. Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of ethanol extract of red ginger against ethylene glycol–induced kidney damage in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), Wistar strain. Methods: An experimental study using a post-test only control group design was conducted to minimize bias by ensuring equivalent baseline conditions among groups. A total of 25 rats were divided into five groups: normal control (distilled water), negative control (0.75% ethylene glycol), and three treatment groups (ethylene glycol + red ginger extract at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kgBW/day). Parameters measured included serum creatinine levels and kidney histopathology. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) followed by LSD post hoc test. Results: Red ginger extract significantly reduced serum creatinine levels (p < 0.05), with the greatest reduction observed at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW (0.528 ± 0.082 mg/dL). Histopathological improvement of the kidney was also evident, indicated by decreased necrosis, cellular degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The kidney damage score in the treatment groups (score 1) was lower than in the negative control group (score 2). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of red ginger exhibits a nephroprotective effect against ethylene glycol–induced kidney injury, with the optimal dose being 300 mg/kgBW/day. These findings support the potential of red ginger as an alternative therapy for kidney disorders, although further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and conduct clinical trials.
Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total dari Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis Ananda , Nadia; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Nasution , Haris Munandar; Daulay , Anny Sartika
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1023

Abstract

Background: The use of plants as traditional medicine is supported by their bioactive compounds, particularly secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) are known to be rich in these compounds; however, quantitative data, especially in specific fractions, remain limited. Determining the total flavonoid content is essential for the standardization of herbal raw materials. Objective: This study aimed to identify the classes of chemical compounds present in the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of soursop leaves and to determine the total flavonoid content of both samples. Methods: Soursop leaf simplicia was extracted using 70% ethanol by the maceration method. The resulting ethanol extract was then fractionated with ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify compound classes, while the determination of total flavonoid content was quantitatively analyzed using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method with quercetin as the standard. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed that both the ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids. The total flavonoid content obtained in the ethanol extract was 31.524 ± 0.1524 mg QE/g, while the ethyl acetate fraction showed a significantly higher content of 41.425 ± 0.1363 mg QE/g. Conclusion: Fractionation with ethyl acetate effectively concentrated flavonoid compounds from the crude soursop leaf extract, as indicated by the higher total flavonoid content in the ethyl acetate fraction. These findings support the potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of soursop leaves as a source of flavonoids for the development of standardized herbal medicines.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Partisipasi Ibu Dalam Memilih Metode Kontrasepsi Metode Operasi Wanita (MOW) Di Kelurahan Pintusona Kecamatan Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir Sinurat , Astriatalita Lastiar; Manurung, Kesaktian; Tarigan , Frida Lina; Dachi, Rahmat Alyakin; Sitorus, Mido E
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1025

Abstract

Background: The continuous increase in population growth is a serious concern, including in Indonesia. Samosir Regency has a Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 3.2, higher than the provincial average (2.7), necessitating population control efforts through the use of Long-Term Contraceptive Methods (LTCM), including Female Sterilization (Tubectomy). However, mothers' participation in choosing tubectomy in Pintusona Village remains low (34.8%), influenced by factors such as knowledge, husband's support, and cultural perceptions. Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors associated with mothers' participation in choosing tubectomy as a contraceptive method in Pintusona Village, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 70 women of reproductive age who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square test), and multivariate (logistic regression) methods.Results: Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between husband's support (p=0.003), healthcare workers' support (p=0.048), income level (p=0.000), maternal knowledge (p=0.035), and maternal attitude (p=0.024) with the selection of tubectomy. Multivariate analysis identified husband's support as the most dominant factor (OR=4.898), followed by income level. Conclusion: Husband's support and family income level are key factors influencing mothers' participation in choosing tubectomy. Family planning programs should involve husbands in education and improve access to information about tubectomy to increase its acceptance.
Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun benalu Dendrophthoe pentandra pada tanaman Citrus microcarpa Bunge terhadap Mycobacterium smegmatis, Escherichia coli dan Salmonella typhi Kanter, Jabes Wolter; Mongi, Jeane; Kalangi, Only Imando; Maarisit, Wilmar; Pareta, Douglas Natan; Sambou, Christel Natanael; Tulandi, Selvana S.
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.1027

Abstract

Diseases caused by bacteria infections are renowned for hurting human health and may become fatal when not treated with appropriate medical therapy. Meanwhile, several bacteria, including Mycobacterium smegmatis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi, are resistant to numerous antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to find new compounds from plants with antibacterial potential. The results showed that based on phytochemical screening, Dendrophthoe pentandra mistletoe leaf on Citrus microcarpa Bunge plants had compounds with antibacterial activity, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics. According to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, eight compounds have antibacterial properties, namely 2-Myristynoyl pantetheine; 2H-Indeno[1,2-b]furan-2-one, 3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,8b-octahydro-8,8-dimethyl; Acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-(3-hydroxypyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-; Ethyl iso-allocholate; a-D-Glucopyranoside, methyl 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-3-O-(trimethylsilyl)-, cyclic methylboronate; tert-Hexadecanethiol; Sarreroside; and d-Mannose. D. pentandra mistletoe leaf extract had a better effect or activity on inhibiting the growth of M. smegmatis than E. coli and S. typhi. It was concluded that D. pentandra mistletoe leaf on Citrus microcarpa Bunge plants had antibacterial activity.

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