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Fear in the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith: Semantic, Theological, and Spiritual Analysis of Khauf, Khasyyah, and Rahbah Rusdina, Rusdina; Barni, Mahyuddin; Basir, Abdul; Muammar, Ali
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 2: Maret-April 2026 (In Progress March 2026)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i2.524

Abstract

This study examines the concept of “fear” from the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith through semantic, theological, and spiritual analysis, focusing on the terms khauf, khasyyah, and rahbah. The study reveals that fear in Islam is not merely an emotional reaction but a multidimensional spectrum with moral, spiritual, and social functions. Khauf represents basic fear of punishment and sin, rahbah reflects fear combined with spiritual longing, while khasyyah is a transcendental fear arising from knowledge and reverence of Allah. This hierarchy forms the structure of a servant’s spiritual journey from self-awareness to divine consciousness. The findings highlight that balanced fear promotes sincere obedience, self-discipline, and spiritual maturity, whereas misinterpretation can lead to extremism. Understanding the concept of fear correctly is essential for fostering moderate and harmonious Islamic spirituality.
Love and Compassion from the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith as Shapers of Effective Pedagogical Relationships in Islamic Education Azhari, Muhammad; Barni, Mahyuddin; Basir, Abdul; Muammar, Ali
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 2: Maret-April 2026 (In Progress March 2026)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i2.523

Abstract

This study aims to examine in depth the concepts of love and compassion in learning from the perspectives of the Qur’an and Hadith and their relevance to contemporary pedagogical practices at SMAN Banjarbaru. The research focuses on how the values of rahmah (compassion), mahabbah (constructive love), and rifq (gentleness) are internalized in the learning process and their implications for character formation, classroom climate, and teacher–student relationships. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach with a field study design, using participant observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of learning documents. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis and source triangulation to ensure the validity and reliability of the findings. The findings indicate that the implementation of love and compassion values in learning significantly contributes to increased learning motivation, psychological safety, awareness-based discipline, and the strengthening of students’ social and religious character. However, the study also reveals structural and cultural challenges, such as the dominance of cognitively oriented learning paradigms, limited teacher training in humanistic pedagogy, and academic performance pressures that hinder the internalization of spiritual values in daily learning practices. This study concludes that love and compassion should be positioned as a core paradigm in education rather than merely a methodological approach, in order to develop a humanistic, transformative learning model oriented toward the development of a progressive, ethical, and civilized society
Fear in the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith: Semantic, Theological, and Spiritual Analysis of Khauf, Khasyyah, and Rahbah Rusdina, Rusdina; Barni, Mahyuddin; Basir, Abdul; Muammar, Ali
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 2: Maret-April 2026 (In Progress March 2026)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i2.524

Abstract

This study examines the concept of “fear” from the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith through semantic, theological, and spiritual analysis, focusing on the terms khauf, khasyyah, and rahbah. The study reveals that fear in Islam is not merely an emotional reaction but a multidimensional spectrum with moral, spiritual, and social functions. Khauf represents basic fear of punishment and sin, rahbah reflects fear combined with spiritual longing, while khasyyah is a transcendental fear arising from knowledge and reverence of Allah. This hierarchy forms the structure of a servant’s spiritual journey from self-awareness to divine consciousness. The findings highlight that balanced fear promotes sincere obedience, self-discipline, and spiritual maturity, whereas misinterpretation can lead to extremism. Understanding the concept of fear correctly is essential for fostering moderate and harmonious Islamic spirituality.