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Journal : Rihlah Jurnal Sejarah dan Kebudayaan

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Konsekuensi Perang Shiffin Terhadap Kesatuan Umat Islam iqbal
Rihlah : Jurnal Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Vol 13 No 02 (2025): History and Culture
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

The Battle of Siffin was one of the most decisive conflicts in classical Islamic history. The confrontation between Caliph ʿAli ibn Abi Ṭalib and the Governor of Syria, Muʿawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, was not merely a military clash but a historical event that demands an in-depth examination of the socio-political dynamics of the Muslim community at that time. This article aims to understand the roots of the Siffin conflict, to trace the political factors underlying its emergence, and to explore how this event provides new insights into the process that led to divisions within Islamic history. This study employs a historical approach with a qualitative-descriptive analytical method. Through this approach, the paper demonstrates that the Battle of Siffin marked a crucial turning point in the transformation of political conflict into ideological and sectarian divisions within the Muslim community. The research shows how narratives of power and political legitimacy influenced the emergence of enduring social and theological fragmentation that continues to shape Muslim societies up to the contemporary era. Data for this study were obtained from various literatures relevant to the research topic. The analytical procedure involved examining the chronology of the Battle of Siffin, identifying key figures, and assessing its impacts on the course of Islamic history.   Perang Shiffin merupakan salah satu konflik paling menentukan dalam sejarah Islam klasik. Pertempuran antara Khalifah Ali bin Abi Thalib dan Gubernur Syam, Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, ini bukan sekedar perang militer, tetapi peristiwa historis yang menuntut telaah mendalam terhadap dinamika sosial-politik umat Islam pada masa itu. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami akar-akar munculnya konflik Perang Shiffin, menelusuri faktor-faktor politik yang melatarbelakanginya, serta mengkaji bagaimana peristiwa tersebut dapat memberikan pemahaman baru mengenai proses terbentuknya perpecahan dalam sejarah Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan historis dengan metode analisis kualitatif-deskriptif. Dengan pendekatan tersebut, tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa Perang Shiffin menjadi titik balik penting dalam transformasi konflik politik menjadi perpecahan ideologis dan sektarian dalam tubuh umat Islam. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bagaimana narasi kekuasaan dan legitimasi politik dapat berdampak pada fragmentasi sosial dan teologis yang terus diwarisi hingga era kontemporer. Data didapatkan dari literatur-literatur yang relevan dengan judul penelitian. Prosedur analisis dilakukan dengan menelaah kronologi peristiwa Perang Shiffin, tokoh-tokoh penting serta dampaknya dalam sejarah umat Islam.  
Co-Authors -, Febriana Intan Permata Hati Achmad Rusdi Agusti, Eddy Al-falathi, Siti Aminah Aman, Ahmad Asrul Saputra Badaruddin Dedi Kusuma Habibie Desembardi, Faried Desember, Faried Diyah Yumeina Djuniadi Djuniadi Fadhil Surur Farida, Anif Fariyani Fariyani, Fariyani Farizal Farizawati Fauziansyah Febriyani, Tika Galuh Indra Hasniatisari Haurissa, Prita Husnul Mubarak IAN YULIANTI Intan Zuhra Irwan T jabul reski, fadhil Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi Junaedi Muhidong Kahar Kahar, Kahar kamaludin, ade Laurencia Vivin Monica LINDAWATI Mahjoedin, Yovial Mahmud Achmad Mahyuddin Maidi Saputra Marthiana, Wenny Maulidiyah, Rafiqah Mauliza, Suci Muh Fajar Hardiansyah Muhammad Barokah Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Rusmin Muhammad Tahir Sapsal Muhammad Wasil Muhammad Yusuf, Tahir Mukrimin Mursalim Nasution, Anhar Nida Nuraini Nurdiana Nurfadillah Nurhanifa Nurhanifa Nurjannah Nursigit Bitoro Olly Sanny Hutabarat Prabowo, Arga Satrio Prayoga, Dodo Solyus Pristianto, Hendrik Purwanto, A Didik Setya Rajib Muammar Ridha Izzulhaq, Muhammad Rina Purnama Sari Rini, Retno Puspa Riyadhul Fajri Riyadhul Fajri Rokhman Saiful Bahri Salamah Salengke, Salengke Saputri, Yuni Sazili Selpiah Suhartini Sukowati, Dwi Guntoro SUNARNO Syafriadi Tasari, Sutriani Teuku Rihayat Upik Nurbaiti Valens Widya, Mitha Wiratmadinata Yetri Hasan Zainul Amri Zufiyardi Zulkifli