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All Journal Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Kefarmasian AKFARINDO Jurnal Farmasi Pharmaceutical And Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum: Alethea Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Journal of Community Empowerment Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Bencoolen Journal of Pharmacy Kreativasi: Journal of Community Empowerment Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Jurnal Abdimas Bencoolen
Rahmawati, Reza
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Assessment of the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of Merdeka-leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) on SGOT, SGPT, and histological alterations in the kidneys and liver of male rats Pertiwi, Reza; Azhar, Afra Wafiqah; Dominica, Dwi; Yudha, Salprima; Rahmawati, Reza; Putri, Yona Harianti
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 3 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i3.30278

Abstract

The Merdeka plant (Chromolaena odorata L.) is known for its various pharmacological benefits, including gastroprotection, antibacterial, antihyperglycemic effects, and wound healing promotion. To ensure safe use in the community, it is important to evaluate its potential toxicity. This study examined the effects of ethanol extract of Merdeka leaf (C. odorata) on liver function by measuring the levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) in male rats (Rattus norvegicus). Twenty-five male Wistar rats were split into five groups: three treatment groups that received ethanol extract at doses of 150 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW, and 600 mg/kg BW, a negative control group that received 0.5% Na CMC, and a normal control group that received no treatment. For 28 days, the extract was taken orally every day. Following surgery, liver and kidney tissues were removed for histology on day 29, and blood samples were obtained via the aorta. The findings demonstrated that rats administered 600 mg/kg BW of ethanol extract had significantly greater SGOT and SGPT levels than controls (p < 0.05), suggesting that high dose of Merdeka leaf extract may have an impact on kidney and liver functions.
Kedudukan Hukum Eks-Kreditor Pasca Debt to Equity Swap yang Dihomologasi dalam PKPU Kedua dan Kepailitan Debitor Akibat Pembatalan Perdamaian Rahmawati, Reza
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Debt to Equity Swap (DES) under a composition plan in Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) proceedings constitutes a restructuring mechanism that transforms the legal status of a Creditor into that of a shareholder upon homologation. Legal issues arise when The Debtor subsequently enters a Second PKPU due to newly incurred debts or is declared bankrupt following the annulment of the composition, while Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment does not expressly regulate the legal consequences of a DES under such circumstances. This normative legal research aims to analyze the legal standing and legal protection afforded to former Creditors after the implementation of DES. The findings indicate that DES constitutes an objective novation, extinguishing the original claim and replacing it with a corporate membership relationship. Consequently, in a Second PKPU, former Creditors may not reassert their previous claims unless a valid new debt arises. In bankruptcy resulting from annulment of composition, the DES remains valid, positioning former Creditors as subordinated shareholders, thereby shifting their legal protection from a Creditor's claim to shareholder rights within the company.
Co-Authors Agus Martono Aina Fatkhil Haque, Aina Fatkhil Alawiya Simanullang, Khairatul Amanda, Savira Intan Asdim Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Syed Azhar, Afra Wafiqah Charles Banon Damaiyana, Tahnia Delia Komala Sari, Delia Komala Dian Handayani Dian Handayani Dominica, Dwi Dwita Oktiarni Elena, Felicitas Eliza, Delila Evelyne Riandini Fathiyyah Afifah Fajarriani Fernando Fernando, Fernando Firza, Bunga Al Fita Rahmawati Hardiansyah, Yopan Harianti Putri, Yona Hendri Saputra Indah Sari, Puput Tri Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Kamilla Putri, Dwi Komala Sari, Delia Lestari, Feny Mahardika, Halwa Balqis Muslimah, Annisa Nadia Nadia Nanda, Yogie Andika Tri Nur Khaliq, Iyas Nurhayati, Dwi Endah Okta, Fauzia Noprima Oktarini, Rizki Pratiwi, Reza Putri Nurlita, Septia Putri, Yona Harianti Reza Pertiwi Riandini, Evelyn Romdani, Ayu Nadiyah Permatasari Sal Prima Yudha SALPRIMA YUDHA S Salsabila, Adinda Okta Salsabila, Fazira Salsabila, Frisya Nutia Samuel Saut Martua Samosir Sari, Rose Intan Perma SEPTI WULANDARI Shavitry, Ayyu Virania, Geatika Yesika, Relin Yona Harianti Putri Yudha, Sal Prima Yudha S