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All Journal Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam AT TA´DIB Kalimah Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Intizar Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism AL QUDS : Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Hadis QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies Tasfiyah TSAQAFAH Iqtishoduna: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam SCAFFOLDING: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam dan Multikulturalisme Amalee: Indonesian Journal of Community Research & Engagement IJOIS: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies Journal of Community Development and Disaster Management International Journal of Asian Business and Management (IJABM) Community: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Proceedings of Femfest International Conference on Economics, Management, and Business Islamic Journal of Communication and Public Discourse Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam
Usmanul Khakim
Universitas Darussalam Gontor
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Integration of Knowledge in Islam and a Critique of Western-Style Fragmentation of Knowledge: A Study of the Ideas of Ziauddin Sardar and Imre Lakatos Amin, Fajar; Khakim, Usmanul
Islamic Journal of Communication and Public Discourse Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Islamic Journal of Communication and Public Discourse
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59784/2wqm6g88

Abstract

Background: Modern civilization is built upon a secular and fragmented epistemology that separates rationality from spiritual values a condition Ziauddin Sardar refers to as epistemic apartheid. This worldview has significantly influenced educational systems in many Muslim countries, including Indonesia, leading to a dichotomy between religious and worldly sciences. Objective: This study aims to explore the epistemological roots of this fragmentation from both Islamic and Western perspectives and to examine the potential for synthesizing the ideas of Sardar and Imre Lakatos. Method: The research adopts a qualitative library research approach utilizing a philosophical-analytical method. It traces the historical and epistemological dimensions of knowledge fragmentation and comparatively analyzes Sardar’s Islamic epistemological reconstruction and Lakatos’s scientific research programmes model. Findings and Implications: Sardar advocates for knowledge reconstruction based on the Islamic worldview, the principle of tawḥīd, and the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, ensuring that knowledge remains value-driven and oriented toward the public good. Lakatos offers a structural model of scientific progress comprising a hard core and protective belt, which maintains theoretical continuity while accommodating rational development. Both thinkers reject positivism and value neutrality, emphasizing that knowledge is shaped by foundational assumptions and must respond to real ethical and social challenges. The proposed synthesis results in a comprehensive paradigm encompassing ontological (tawḥīd), epistemological (revelation, reason, and experience), axiological (maqāṣid), and methodological (research programmes) dimensions. Conclusion: The integrated framework offers a practical and transformative proposal for developing a contemporary Islamic epistemology that is rational, ethical, contextual, and capable of guiding future research and educational reform.
A Comparative Study of Natural Law Theories: The Views of Thomas F. Wall and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas Elvina Khoirun Nisa; Usmanul Khakim; Setiati Hamidah; Khasib Amrullah
Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor, Indonesia

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Abstract

This article aims to analyze and compare the perspectives of Thomas F. Wall and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas on the concept of natural law, highlighting their differing philosophical traditions. Wall, in “Critical Thinking”, presents a secular understanding of natural law, arguing that it is a human construct originating solely from human reasoning, independent of any divine authority. In contrast, al-Attas, in “Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam”, asserts that natural law, or sunnatullah, is divinely ordained, reflecting God's will in governing the universe while involving human participation. This study employs a philosophical approach grounded in the Islamic worldview to examine and contrast their interpretations, utilizing content analysis to systematically interpret the key arguments in their respective works. The findings reveal a fundamental divergence between the two perspectives: Wall perceives natural law as an innate principle recognized by human reason as the highest moral and ethical authority, whereas al-Attas views it as a manifestation of divine order that governs creation. This contrast underscores the broader epistemological differences between the Western secular and Islamic metaphysical worldviews in understanding the foundation and authority of natural law.
The Concept Of God According To Nietzsche And Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas Usmanul Khakim; M Shohibul Mujtaba; Hammada Hanifi
Community: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Hasil Penelitian
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Tarbiyah Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/community.v5i1.266

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of God in the thought of Friedrich Nietzsche and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas comparatively, with an emphasis on epistemological, ontological, and moral elements. To identify conceptual similarities and differences, a qualitative comparative approach was used, which included literature analysis and interpretation of the main texts of both figures. It is known that Nietzsche rejects the existence of God as a transcendent reality; he views God as a cultural construct that limits the “will to power” and produces slave morality, fostering nihilism and value relativism. Al-Attas, on the other hand, asserts that Allah is the Absolute Being, functioning as the foundation of existence and absolute morality; his concept of Tawhid is not only theological but also forms an epistemological and existential framework that integrates spiritual experience, reason, and revelation. Al-Attas's perspective distinguishes him from Nietzsche's deconstructive stance by offering a harmonious paradigm of life where divine revelation serves as the source of absolute truth and moral guidance. This outcome underscores the importance of Islamic theological foundations in addressing the chaos of meaning and values brought about by contemporary secular philosophy.
Waqf-Based Human Capital and Institutional Sustainability: An Ethnographic Study of Waqf Basyari in Indonesian Pesantren Eko Nur Cahyo; Usmanul Khakim; Muhammad Faqih Nidzom; Khurun’in Zahro’; Nurita Binti Juhdi
IQTISHODUNA: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April (on progress)
Publisher : Department of Sharia Economics Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Universitas Islam Syarifuddin Lumajang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54471/iqtishoduna.v15i1.3700

Abstract

Despite extensive studies on voluntarism in Islam and fiqh-based analyses of waqf, self-devotion (waqf basyari) has never been examined as waqf-based human capital nor linked to institutional sustainability within Islamic economics. This study fills this gap by examining waqf basyari and institutional sustainability at Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor (PMDG), a century-old Indonesian pesantren. Framed within Islamic economics and waqf-based institutional economics, this ethnographic study employs participant observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal three results. First, the waqf basyari tradition at PMDG has developed over nearly 100 years from the founders' devotion movement. Second, devoted cadres (kader wakaf) realize institutional sustainability across five Panca Jangka dimensions: education, cadre formation, infrastructure, khizanatullah (asset expansion), and family welfare. Third, these cadres possess six attributes—readiness, time commitment, duty acceptance, evaluation openness, prioritizing the pesantren, and institutional defense—that operationalize waqf-based human capital. This study contributes theoretically to Islamic economics by introducing waqf-based human capital as a new analytical category and demonstrating its causal link to institutional sustainability. The findings offer a replicable model for Islamic educational institutions seeking sustainability beyond lineage-based succession.
Co-Authors A Farid Saifuddin Ahmad Farid Saifuddin Ahmad Saifulloh Ahmad Sidik Almanaanu, Yusuf Amin, Fajar Amir Reza Kusuma Amir Reza Kusuma Deki Ridho Adi Anggara Eko Nur Cahyo Elvina Khoirun Nisa Fahman Mumtazi Fuad Mas’ud Fuad Mas’ud Fuad Mas’ud Hadi Fatkhurrizka Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi Hamidah Tussifah Hamidah, Setiati Hammada Hanifi Haryanto Haryanto Hidayatullah, Rakhmad Agung Hifni Nasif Ihsan, Nur Hadi Jarman Arroisi Khasib Amrullah Khoirul Umam Khoirun Nisa, Elvina Kusuma, Amir Reza Listriana, Listriana M Faqih Nidzom M. Adib Fuadi Nuriz M. Kholid Muslih M. Shohibul Mujtaba Mahendra Utama Cahya Ramadhan Mahfud, Musthofa Ali Mas’ud, Fuad Mubarok, Ahmad Zakky Muhammad Faqih Nidzom Muhammad Habiburrahman Muhammad Iksan Rahmadian Mulyono Jamal Mulyono Jamal Nur Arfifah Abdul Sabian Nurita Binti Juhdi Nurita Juhdi Nuriz, M Adib Fuadi Rakhmad Agung Hidayatullah Rakhmad Agung Hidayatullah Rakhmad Agung Hidayatullah Rakhmad Agung Hidayatullah Ridani Faulika Permana Saifuddin, Ahmad Farid Setiati Hamidah Sofian Hadi Suhaiza Safian Sujiat Zubaidi Surwandono , Surwandono Syamsiar, Syamsiar Teguh Kurniyanto Trisnani, Asif winda roini Winda Roini Zahro’, Khurun’in