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Development of a Figural Creativity Assessment Instrument Based on Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) for Elementary School Students Attar Mirza; Agung Hastomo; Firmansyah Firmansyah
Journal of Educational Sciences Vol. 10 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences
Publisher : FKIP - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jes.10.4.p.424-442

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a figural creativity assessment instrument based on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) for elementary school students and to examine its validity and reliability. The research employed a Research and Development approach using the 4D model, consisting of define, design, develop, and limited disseminate stages. The participants were elementary school students in Yogyakarta. A limited trial involved 16 students, while the field test involved 106 students. Data were collected using the developed figural creativity test, supported by expert validation sheets and student response questionnaires. Content validity was evaluated through expert judgment, internal validity was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation, and inter-rater reliability was examined using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The results indicated that the instrument demonstrated high feasibility in psychological, linguistic, and instructional aspects. Internal validity analysis showed significant positive correlations among stimuli and creativity dimensions. Inter-rater reliability showed good agreement for fluency (ICC = 0.646), flexibility (ICC = 0.754), and elaboration (ICC = 0.779), while originality showed lower agreement (ICC = 0.194). Overall, the developed instrument is valid and reliable for assessing figural creativity in elementary school students, although further refinement of originality scoring procedures is recommended.
Pedagogical Exploration of Ethnomathematics: Efforts to Contextualize Numeracy Strategies for Elementary School Children Dafid Slamet Setiana; Firmansyah; Anwar Novianto; Fitriana Tjiptasari; Gumpanat Boriboon
Hipotenusa: Journal of Mathematical Society Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Hipotenusa : Journal of Mathematical Society
Publisher : Program Studi Tadris Matematika Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/hipotenusa.v8i1.6481

Abstract

This study aims to integrate ethnomathematics into numeracy instruction in non-formal education settings and to test the effectiveness of its application in improving the numeracy skills of elementary school-aged children through non-formal education, with the goal of creating contextual and meaningful learning experiences. The study was conducted in Sukodono Village, Pacitan, which possesses a wealth of contextual cultural practices that serve as a resource for numeracy learning. The methods used were a mixed-methods study with an ethnographic approach to explore cultural practices, as well as a one-group pretest–posttest pre-experimental design to test improvements in numeracy skills. The research subjects consisted of cultural experts, teachers, elementary school-aged children, and parents, with a sample size of 16 students selected using purposive sampling. Quantitative data were analyzed using a paired samples t-test and N-Gain, while qualitative data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The research findings indicate that various local cultural practices contain mathematical concepts relevant to numeracy learning, such as geometry, measurement, patterns, and comparisons, which were identified in the contexts of agate stones, the Ceprotan traditional ceremony, and Rontek art. The findings suggest a trend toward improved student numeracy skills, as evidenced by moderate N-Gain scores and significant differences in paired t-test results. These findings confirm that the integration of ethnomathematics into numeracy learning not only strengthens contextual conceptual understanding but also serves as a relevant and meaningful alternative learning strategy, particularly within non-formal education pathways rooted in local culture.