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Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Jl. Kamper, Kampus IPB, Darmaga, Bogor 16680
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Effectiveness of the Bioactive Compound from Metagenomic Library Clones as Biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita and Plant Growth Promoter: Effectiveness of the Bioactive Compound from Metagenomic Library Clones as Biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita and Plant Growth Promoter Sembiring, Ade Indra Maulana; Giyanto; Supramana
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 2 (2024): Maret 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.2.66-76

Abstract

Metagenomik merupakan teknik untuk mengeksplorasi sumber daya kekayaan genetik mikrob pada suatu lingkungan, termasuk mikrob yang dapat berperan sebagai agens biokontrol. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan senyawa bioaktif yang dihasilkan oleh isolat klon pustaka metagenomik asal kakao (PMP7, PMC8, PMS14, PMC3, PMC13, PMC14, dan PMS11) sebagai agens pengendalian nematoda puru akar Meloidogyne incognita dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Pengujian in vitro dilakukan menggunakan filtrat senyawa bioaktif dari tujuh klon pustaka metagenomik terhadap juvenil 2 nematoda pada cawan petri. Nematoda yang diberi perlakuan senyawa bioaktif diinkubasikan pada suhu 27 ℃ dan diamati mortalitasnya pada 24 jam setelah perlakuan. Karakterisasi fisiologi yang dilakukan terhadap isolat adalah pengujian produksi HCN, enzim kitinase, dan enzim protease. Pengujian secara in planta dilakukan pada pada tanaman mentimun var. Kitoh yang ditanam pada polibag. Nematoda juvenil 2 diinfestasikan pada masing-masing polibag dan perlakuan senyawa bioaktif diberikan dengan menyiramkan suspensi pada 14 dan 30 hari setelah tanam. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap minggu hingga puru terbentuk pada perakaran tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tujuh isolat klon pustaka metagenomik memiliki kemampuan nematisidal dengan tingkat mortalitas in vitro mencapai 96%–100% dan mampu memproduksi enzim protease dengan indeks proteolitik mencapai 0.13-0.6. Pada uji in planta isolat PMS11 mampu menekan keparahan puru akar dengan keefektifan penekanan mencapai 54.63%. Dua isolat, yaitu PMC8 dan PMS14 memiliki kemampuan memacu pertumbuhan tanaman yang terbaik.
Direct Electric System untuk Mengeliminasi Nematoda Radopholus similis pada Medium Tanam Dracaena reflexa: Direct Electric System to Eliminate Radopholus similis Nematodes in Planting Medium for Dracaena reflexa Indahsari, Rizkhi; Supramana, Supramana; Munif, Abdul; Syafutra, Heriyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.5.217-225

Abstract

Tanaman Song of India (Dracaena reflexa) merupakan komoditas ekspor Indonesia dengan tujuan Jepang, Malaysia, Korea Selatan, Singapura dan Eropa. Ditemukannya nematoda pelubang akar Radopholus similis pada medium tanam kokopit menyebabkan dikeluarkannya Notification of Non-Compliance (NNC) oleh negara tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengekplorasi penggunaan teknik Direct Electric System (DES) untuk mengeliminasi nematoda pelubang akar R. similis yang ditemukan pada medium tanam kokopit. Percobaan laboratorium dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi efek penggunakan DES pada berbagai tegangan, jarak elektroda dan lama pemaparan pada medium tanah dan kokpit terhadap mortalitas R. similis. Percobaan rumah kaca dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh DES terhadap mortalitas R. similis dan pertumbuhan tanaman D. reflexa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada medium tanah dan kokopit kematian nematoda berturut-turut sebesar 83.46% dan 86.17% tercapai dengan tegangan DES 1500 V, serta jarak elektroda 1 dan 2 cm selama 15 menit. Perlakuan DES pada tegangan 1500 V selama 15 menit pada medium kokopit tidak menurunkan pertumbuhan D. reflexa di rumah kaca.
Effect of Brassicaceae Waste Application on Soil Nematode Community Ibrahim, Ahmad Yusuf; Supramana, Supramana; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.75321

Abstract

Brassicaceae are known to contain compounds that are biofumigants. This study aimed to determine the effect of Brassicaceae waste application on soil nematode community. Broccoli leaves and stems (Brassica oleracea var. italic), cabbage leaves and stems (B. oleracea var. capitate), kailan stems (B. oleracea var. alboglabra), radish leaves (Raphanus sativus), and leaves of kamanilan weed (Rorippa indica) were tested in this study. The total glucosinolate content of Brassicaceae waste was estimated using the palladium method with a modified spectrophotometer. The experiment was carried out in polybags containing 500 grams of soil-infested nematodes. Brassicaceae waste (15 grams/polybag) was chopped and mixed into the soil, watered, and polybags were tightly closed for 14 days. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and five replications. The results of the total glucosinolate analysis showed that broccoli, radish, and kamanilan leaves fall into the high category (144.7-185.2 µmol/g); cabbage leaves, cabbage stems, and kailan stems fall into the medium category (52.0-56.0 µmol/g); and broccoli stems fall into the low category (35.4 µmol/g). There was no correlation between total glucosinolate contents and their effect on suppressing soil nematode communities at the applied effluent dose. The population of bacterivorous nematodes increased in each waste treatment, especially in kamanilan leaf treatment (R. indica) which reached 13,008 individuals. These results indicate that kamanilan weed has good potential to improve soil health. The treatment of Brassicaceae waste against soil nematode communities showed a low diversity index, an uneven evenness index, and a high dominance index.
Keberadaan Nematoda Aphelenchoides besseyi pada Benih Padi Varietas Lokal di Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatera Utara: The Presence of the Nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi on Seeds of Local Rice Varieties in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Sitanggang, Della; Supramana, Supramana; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.5.226-233

Abstract

Aphelenchoides besseyi merupakan salah satu nematoda parasit penting pada tanaman padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keberadaan A. besseyi pada benih padi varietas lokal dari tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Samosir, yaitu Pangururan, Sianjur Mula-Mula, dan Palipi. Nematoda diekstrak dari 400 benih padi pada setiap varietas menggunakan metode modifikasi corong Baermann. Benih padi dipotong pada bagian hilum, direndam dalam air, dan diinkubasi dalam ruangan gelap selama 24 jam pada suhu 20 °C. Nematoda diidentifikasi berdasarkan ciri morfologi dan morfometri. Pengukuran morfometri A. besseyi dilakukan terhadap 70 nematoda betina dan 10 nematoda jantan. Nematoda A. besseyi ditemukan pada varietas ‘Si Serang’, ‘Saratus Ari’, ‘Si Pining’, dan ‘Si Bandung’ dengan populasi 5 sampai 13 individu per 10 g atau 400 butir benih padi. Nematoda A. besseyi berhasil diidentifikasi berdasarkan ciri-ciri morfologi, yaitu tubuh ramping, bibir set off, stilet tipis, median bulbus berukuran besar, dan terdapat mucro berbentuk bintang pada ujung ekor. Nematoda jantan memiliki ujung ekor melengkung dengan spikula berbentuk seperti duri mawar. Ukuran tubuh nematoda pucuk putih asal varietas padi lokal Samosir lebih kecil dibandingkan ukuran A. besseyi yang telah dilaporkan sebelumnya.
Description of the morphology, morphometric, and molecular of Aphelenchoides fragariae (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) causing crimp disease of strawberry in Indonesia Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti; Tondok, Efi Toding; Syafutra, Heriyanto; Supramana, Supramana
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.1259-16

Abstract

Aphelenchoides fragariae, commonly known as strawberry crimp nematodes, primarily target the aerial parts of plants, affecting both internal and external structures. In Indonesia, where strawberries are predominantly cultivated in highland regions, the presence of strawberry crimp disease has been confirmed. Infected plants exhibit symptoms such as stunted growth, reddened foliage, crimped or curled leaves, and malformed buds and blooms. Aboveground damage caused by the nematodes includes contorted shoots, undersized leaves, and reddish petioles, often accompanied by discolored patches on the foliage. These symptoms significantly impair the growth and productivity of strawberry plants, highlighting the nematode’s potential as a serious pest in these regions. The identification of A. fragariae was achieved through a combination of morphological and molecular characterization methods. Species confirmation relied on PCR amplification of the nematode’s cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, using primers (COI F and COI R) designed in the laboratory. The amplification yielded a specific fragment of approximately 550 base pairs, which was sequenced for further analysis. Sequence alignment revealed identity levels ranging from 82.8% to 99.7%, confirming the presence of A. fragariae. The resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers LC804455 (A. fragariae isolate RB) and LC804456 (A. fragariae isolate LB), providing a valuable resource for future studies on this nematode species.
HAMA DAN PENYAKIT PENTING TANAMAN KAKAO DI KABUPATEN NAGEKEO, PROVINSI NTT Victoria Coo Lea; Hermanu Triwidodo; Supramana Supramana
Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Vol 10, No 4 (2022): JURNAL AGROTEK TROPIKA VOL 10, NOVEMBER 2022
Publisher : Departement of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jat.v10i4.5860

Abstract

Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan satu komoditas strategis pendukung perekonomian di Nagekeo. Tanaman kakao yang tua dan kurang produktif, pemeliharaan yang kurang intensif serta hama dan penyakit adalah penyebab rendahnya produktivitas kakao dibandingkan daerah penghasil kakao lain di Indonesia.  Penelitian untuk mengetahui hama dan penyakit penting pada buah kakao di Kabupaten Nagekeo dilakukan di perkebunan rakyat di 3 kecamatan, yaitu Kecamatan Boawae, Mauponggo dan Keo Tengah. Pada setiap lokasi diambil 20 lahan contoh seluas 0,5 ha. Penarikan tanaman contoh dilakukan dengan pola diagonal. Parameter yang diamati adalah gejala kerusakan dan  intensitas serangan oleh hama dan penyakit penting. Dua jenis hama penting, yaitu  hama kepik pengisap buah kakao (Helopeltis sp) dan penggerek buah kakao (Conopomorpha cramerella) dengan tingkat kerusakan Helopeltis sp paling tinggi terjadi di Kecamatan Boawae yaitu 23,95%, Kecamatan Keo Tengah yaitu 20,95%, Kecamatan Mauponggo intensitas serangan sebesar 20,10% intensitas serangan PBK tertinggi di Kecamatan Boawae yaitu 6,11%, Kecamatan Keo Tengah sebesar 4,76% sedangkan Kecamatan Mauponggo intensitasnya hanya mencapai 2,35%. Penyakit penting kakao yang ditemukan adalah  busuk buah (Phytophthora palmivora) dengan keparahan penyakit Phytophthora palmivora paling tinggi terjadi di Kecamatan Keo Tengah yaitu 5,11% jika dibandingkan dengan Kecamatan Boawae dan Mauponggo yaitu sebesar 3,25% dan 1,28%.
Spesies Meloidogyne Penyebab Puru Akar pada Seledri di Pacet, Cianjur, Jawa Barat Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Supramana, Supramana; Adnan, Abdul Muin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (807.556 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.1.26

Abstract

Root knot nematodes (RKN) Meloidogyne spp. is the primary parasite of celery and reported to cause losses up to 70%. Identification of the Meloidogyne species on celery in Indonesia has not been reported. This study was aimed to identify the species of Meloidogyne on celery based on morphology characters. Samples of Meloidogyne-infected celery plants were taken using purposive sampling method from Ciputri Village, District of Pacet, Cianjur, West Java Province. RKN inside root tissue was detected by acid fuchsin staining method. Meloidogyne species identification was done by morphological observation of female perineal pattern. Disease symptoms found in the field include leaf yellowing, stunted, and uneven growth of celery plants. Roots of infected plants showed the formation of small size root knots, in large numbers and forming strands like a chain. Staining NPA in root tissue was successfully detected various stages of nematode development, i.e. eggs, juveniles and female nematodes. Three Meloidogyne species, namely M. incognita, M. arenaria and M. javanica were identified.
Deteksi dan Identifikasi Spesies Meloidogyne Penyebab Umbi Berbintil pada Kentang Asal Sulawesi Utara Utami, Budi Sri; Supramana, Supramana; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 3 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.673 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.3.98

Abstract

Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.). is one of the main constraint of potato production in North Sulawesi.  Little is known about Meloidogyne species infecting potatoes in North Sulawesi.  Therefore, research was conducted to identify Meloidogyne spp. on potatoes in North Sulawesi and further study their relationship with related species from other countries.  Infected potato tubers with pimple-like knot symptom were collected from three potato production centers, i.e. Kakenturan (South Minahasa), Purworejo (East Bolaang Mongondow) and Singsingon (…?? Bolaang Mongondow).  Morphological identification was conducted based on the perineal pattern of  the female; whereas molecular identification was conducted by PCR using specific primer for ITS-rDNA, followed by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Two Meloidogyne species were identified i.e.  M. javanica (samples form Kakenturan, Purworejo and Singsingon) and M. incognita (samples from Purworejo). M. javanica and M. incognita from North Sulawesi are similar to the related species from China with homology level of 97.5 % and 100 %, respectively.
Phytonematode Community in The Robusta and Arabica Coffee Plantation in East Java Budiman, Aris; Supramana, Supramana; Giyanto, Giyanto; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 5 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.5.207-215

Abstract

Phytonematode Community in The Robusta and Arabica Coffee Plantation in East Java Phytonematode is one of the important parasites of robusta and arabica coffee plantations. This study aimed to determine the phytonematode community on arabica and robusta coffee and their distribution at different plant health conditions. The investigations were conducted at the Sumber Asin Experimental Station, Belawan, and Kalisat Jampit Plantation in East Java. Root and soil samples were taken from the symptomatic plants, plants between symptomatic and healthy plants, and healthy plants. Nematodes were extracted from root samples by mist chamber and soil samples with centrifugation flotation methods. The observed variables are prominence value and proportion of important phytonematode distribution. Phytonematodes identified from robusta coffee are: Pratylenchus coffeae, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne spp., and Hemicriconemoides cocophillus. Phytonematodes identified from arabica coffee are: Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne spp., Paratylenchus sp. Criconemoides sp., and Helicotylenchus sp. Phytonematodes are dominated by P. coffeae and R. reniformis on robusta coffee and R. similis and Meloidogyne spp. on arabica coffee. There are differences in the prominence values of each of the phytonematodes found. The highest phytonematode prominence value from extraction of robusta coffee roots was found in P. coffeae at 295.83, whereas in arabica coffee roots was found in R. similis at 259.16. In general, there are increasing population pattern of these species from healthy to symptomatic plants.
The Effectiveness of Hot Water and Guano Tea Treatments on Aphelenchoides besseyi Nematode on Rice Seeds and Their Effects on the Growth of Rice Seedling Syarifah, Syarifah; Supramana, Supramana; Triwidodo, Hermanu
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 5 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.5.216-226

Abstract

Aphelenchoides besseyi merupakan salah satu nematoda penting terbawa benih yang menginfeksi padi dan dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil serta mengurangi kualitas gabah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan metode yang efektif untuk mengendalikan nematoda A. besseyi pada benih padi melalui perlakuan air panas dan teh guano. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap tiga varietas padi, yaitu Pak Tiwi 1, Ciherang, dan IPB 3S, dua perlakuan perendaman, yaitu perendaman air panas suhu 55 °C dan perendaman dalam teh guano, serta tujuh waktu perendaman, yaitu 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 menit. Perlakuan air panas suhu 55 °C dan teh guano efektif menurunkan populasi nematoda, namun pengaruhnya berbeda pada setiap varietas. Pada varietas Pak Tiwi 1 perendaman air panas efektif menurunkan populasi nematoda pada waktu perendaman 5-30 menit, dan daya tumbuh paling baik pada perendaman air panas dengan waktu 10 menit dan kontrol dengan waktu 20 menit. Pada varietas Ciherang, metode perendaman air panas efektif dengan rentang waktu 5-30 menit dan perendaman teh guano selama 30 menit efektif menurunkan populasi nematoda, serta interaksi terbaik yang menghasilkan daya tumbuh paling tinggi ditunjukkan pada perlakuan kontrol dengan waktu 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 menit, perendaman teh guano dengan waktu 5, 10, 25 menit, dan perendaman air panas dengan waktu 5 dan 10 menit. Pada varietas IPB 3S, penurunan populasi terbaik ditunjukkan pada perendaman teh guano dengan waktu 5 dan 30 menit, sedangkan daya tumbuh terbaik ditunjukkan pada perendaman air panas dengan waktu 5 menit.
Co-Authors . Giyanto Abdul Muin Adnan ABDUL MUNIF ABDUL MUNIF Abdul Munif Ade Indra Maulana Sembiring ALI NURMANSYAH Anindita, Devina Cinantya Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Annisa Nur Imamah Aprilyani Aprilyani Aris Budiman Aris Budiman Auliya Selamet Efi Toding Tondok Elmi Muliya Elvina Efendi Fitrianingrum Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum Gede Suastika Gede Suastika Gede Suastika GEDE SUASTIKA Giyanto GIYANTO GIYANTO GIYANTO GIYANTO Giyanto Giyanto Halimah Halimah Hamidi, Ilmi HARNI, RITA Heri Ahmadi Heriyanto Syafutra Hermanu Triwidodo Hishar Mirsam Ibrahim, Ahmad Yusuf IKA MUSTIKA IKA MUSTIKA Imamah, Annisa Nur Indahsari, Rizkhi Kikin H Mutaqin Lisnawita Lisnawita Lisnawita Lufthi Rusniarsyah Meity S. Sinaga MEITY S. SINAGA MEITY S. SINAGA Meity Suradji Sinaga Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Mokhammad Danang Kusuma Muhamad Taher Muhammad Jabal Nur MUSTIKA, IKA Pradana Pandu Ankardiansyah RAUF, AUNU RITA HARNI RITA HARNI RITA HARNI RITA HARNI RITA HARNI Rita Harni Salsabila, Unik Hanifah Samsudin . Sembiring, Ade Indra Maulana Sitanggang, Della SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Supriadi Supriadi SUPRIADI SUPRIADI SUPRIADI SUPRIADI Supriadi Supriadi Syarifah Syarifah, Syarifah TRI ASMIRA DAMAYANTI Utami, Budi Sri Victoria Coo Lea Wawan Kurniawan Widodo Widodo Yundari, Yundari Zalzilatul Hikmia Hikmia