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KEKUATAN FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP) SEBAGAI BAHAN GADING KAPAL KAYU Alamsyah Alam; Rodlian Jamal Ikhwani; Taufik Hidayat; Suardi Suardi
WAVE: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Maritim Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penggunaan baja untuk menggantikan kayu Bitti sebagai bahan konstruksi gading kapal kayu dinilai tidak praktis karena melalui proses pembentukan dan pemeliharaan, sehingga penggunaan bahan lain seperti FRP sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran dan bentuk penampang bahan FRP yang sesuai sebagai pengganti gading kayu ditinjau dari segi kekuatan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu elemen hingga (FEM) dan dianalisis menggunakan metode eksperimen numerik pada software. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan mengoptimalkan bahan FRP dengan bentuk penampang I beam, I beam+flange, box of hole beam, T beam, dan U beam+flange sebagai pengganti bahan kayu Bitti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gading kayu Bitti memiliki elastisitas (E) = 9534.02 MPa dan momen inersia penampang (I) = 2197x104 mm4 terjadi tegangan maksimum (?k) = 7.682 N/mm2 dan lendutan maksimum (?) = 0.1 mm, untuk faktor keamanan gading kayu Bitti (Sf) = 1.28, sedangkan bahan FRP pengganti gading kayu dengan nilai (E) = 69000 MPa dapat digunakan penampang I beam dengan nilai I = 316x104 mm4, I beam+flange dengan nilai I = 288x104 mm4, box of hole beam dengan nilai I = 317x104 mm4, T Beam dengan nilai I = 478 x104 mm4, serta U beam+flange dengan nilai I = 375x104 mm4, terjadi tegangan maksimum (?k) = 52.00 N/mm2 dengan lendutan maksimum (?) < 0.082 mm dan faktor keamanan (Sf) = 1.28. Bahan FRP pengganti kayu gading membutuhkan momen inersia penampang sebesar 1/7~1/5 kali lebih kecil dari momen inersia penampang kayu gading dengan elastisitas tujuh kali lebih besar dari kayu gading. Nilai ini dapat dijadikan patokan untuk ukuran kapal di atas ataupun di bawah 70 GT ketika akan menggunakan bahan FRP sebagai pengganti gading kayu.
Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines Using Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil with Cetane Number Improver Suardi; Faisal Mahmuddin; Syerly Klara; Muhdar Tasrief; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Hijriah; Muhammad Reza Fachrul Jaya
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v9i3.4914

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has led to a global energy crisis, with increasing demand for alternative energy sources. Diesel fuel shortages, especially in countries like Indonesia, have driven the exploration of biodiesel as a sustainable alternative. This study aims to convert waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel, with the addition of a cetane number improver (CNI) to enhance its performance in diesel engines. The biodiesel was produced through methanolysis, and 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate (EHN) was added to improve combustion and reduce engine knocking. The results show that the produced biodiesel had a density of 856 Kg/m³ for B0, 872.7 Kg/m³ for B0 with CNI, and 872.1 Kg/m³ for B50CN. Viscosity values were 2.32 cSt for B0, 5.645 cSt for B50, and 4.722 cSt for B50CN. The cetane index was 49.2 for B50 and B50CN, while B0 had a value of 48. The emissions measured included CO levels of 194 mg/Nm³ for B0, 254 mg/Nm³ for B50, and 280 mg/Nm³ for B50CN. NOx emissions were 852 mg/Nm³ for B0, 755 mg/Nm³ for B50, and 825 mg/Nm³ for B50CN. Oxygen content was 15.9% for B0, 14.9% for B50, and 16.2% for B50CN. The findings indicate that adding EHN to WCO biodiesel improves fuel properties but increases emissions of CO and NOx. Overall, WCO-based biodiesel with EHN is a viable alternative fuel that balances performance improvements with environmental considerations.
Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil Combined With Corn Oil Into Biodiesel Using the Transesterification Method Suardi; Faisal Mahmuddin; Syerly Klara; Wira Setiawan; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Jumardi
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v9i1.5039

Abstract

This research endeavors to explore a novel alternative fuel source by combining waste used cooking oil and corn oil to create a biodiesel blend. The study addresses two main objectives: first, to investigate the properties of used cooking oil biodiesel with the addition of methanol and NaOH catalysts, and second, to assess engine performance using the biodiesel blend. The experimental approach employs transesterification, varying the catalyst quantity during biodiesel production. Preceding diesel engine testing, properties such as viscosity are assessed, revealing improved values meeting Indonesian National Standards post-catalyst addition, albeit with a decrease in calorific value. Engine performance is then evaluated, demonstrating that as the catalyst content increases, torque and thermal efficiency decrease, while specific fuel consumption (SFC) rises. Notably, the study concludes that a higher catalyst ratio aligns fuel properties closer to government-set standards. The most favorable engine performance is observed in the B50 sample with a catalyst variation of 1000 ml of methanol and 25 g of NaOH, showcasing superior torque, thermal efficiency, and opacity values compared to higher catalyst variations. This research underscores the importance of catalyst optimization in achieving an environmentally friendly biodiesel blend with enhanced engine performance.
Design of Motorcycle-Passenger Ship (Klotok) Catamaran Type for Kampung Baru Balikpapan - Penajam Paser Utara Suardi; Rizky Risaldo; Andi Mursid Nugraha Arifuddin; Amalia Ika Wulandari; Wira Setiawan; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Alamsyah
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i3.5114

Abstract

Balikpapan City has an area of 508.9 km2 which has 646,727 people living here. Balikpapan City is also known as a port city because it has two domestic ports namely Kampung Baru Port and Semayang Port. Currently, the port of Kampung Baru is still active in carrying out daily activities, namely the klotok boat crossing and also the dock for motor boats berths. The condition of mobility for crossing vessels in the port of Kampung Baru that uses boat klotok is inadequate due to the lack of supporting components for access to the ship so the safety of this port is questioned. besides that, klotok ships are also only able to carry a maximum of 21 passengers and 5 motorcycles and access to loading and unloading exits is very unsafe. The purpose of this study is to design a crossing ship that can be used safely for transportation for passengers and motorcycles that will pass the sea lane for crossing to the North Penajam Paser area. The ship is designed to have an easy access door or ramp door for passenger and motorcycle mobility to improve the safety of crossings at the port of Kampung Baru. The parent Design Approach method is used in this project, this method is one way of designing a ship using comparison or comparison, namely by taking a ship that is used as a reference for a comparison ship that has the same characteristics as designed ship. The main focus to be achieved in this research obtained a General Arrangement which has more cargo than the klotok ship with a capacity of 25 passengers and 10 motorcycles, and the dimension of the ramp door used in this final project is L 1.50 m and B 1.50 m. The Principal dimension of the ship obtained in this research is Loa = 12.50 m, Lpp = 11.50 m, Lwl = 11.96 m, B = 5.75 m, B1 = 1.64 m, H = 1.8 m, T = 0.85 m, Cb = 0.56, Vs = 15 Knots. The results of this study provide a good idea of the modernization of a comfortable ferry fleet for this area.
Strength Analysis with Variation of Construction Transverse Watertight Bulkhead On Ship Container 8842 DWT Using Finite Element Method Amalia Ika Wulandari; Suardi; Alamsyah; Aknul Ciptiandi
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i2.5193

Abstract

Container ship are commonly employed in a variety of countries, particularly in archipelagic countries like Indonesia. It is a construction that is very important to consider when building a transverse watertight bulkhead ship because it serves as a compartment divider when the ship has a leak and also as a transverse strength of the ship. The purpose of this research is to see if various construction modifications of a transverse watertight bulkhead can bear the working load. The finite element method was employed in this study. Five different constructions of the transverse watertight bulkhead were used in this analysis. The highest stress value in the corrugated watertight bulkhead is 252.44 MPa, with a maximum deformation of 7.6433 mm, whereas the maximum stress value in the transverse plane watertight bulkhead with "angle stiffener" is 330.71 MPa, with a maximum deformation of 12,072 mm. on transverse plane watertight bulkhead with “Tee stiffener” The maximum voltage value of 301.56 MPa and value maximum deformation of 11,025 mm, on transverse plane watertight bulkhead with “bulb stiffener” maximum stress value of 331.98 MPa and value of maximum deformation of 13,421 mm, on transverse plane watertight bulkhead with “flat stiffener” maximum stress value is 484.94 MPa and value of maximum deformation of 16.13mm. According to the safety factor calculation, corrugated watertight bulkheads, transverse plane watertight bulkheads with "Angle stiffener," transverse plane watertight bulkheads with "TEE stiffener," and transverse plane watertight bulkheads with "Bulb stiffener" are all considered safe.
Design a Phinisi-Type Tourist Ship to Increase Tourist Interest in Vacationing at Taka Bonerate National Park Suardi; Adhy Rahmat; Wira Setiawan; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Alamsyah Pawara; Andi Mursid Nugraha Arifuddin; Taufik Hidayat
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i2.5200

Abstract

Tourism ship with the Phinisi ship concept for the Selayar Islands tourist area are designed to increase the number of tourist attractions in the area. With beach tourism destinations and coral reefs, the Selayar region is very possible to become an alternative tourist destination in Indonesia besides Bunaken, Raja Ampat, Labuan Bajo, and the island of Bali. This ship is designed with wood materials and carries the theme of the traditional Phinisi ship which is the hallmark of ships made by the Bugis-Makassar tribe since 3000 years ago and has been recognized by UNESCO as one of the world's cultural heritage (Art of Boatbuilding in South Sulawesi). This study aims to obtain a tourist ship design that can be an attraction for tourists to vacation in the Selayar Islands. The method used in this study is the parent ship design approach method, this method is very commonly used in the ship design process, namely by using a comparison ship as a reference in the design of a new ship. The main ship dimensions obtained from this research are Loa = 26 m, B = 6.1 m, H = 2.48 m, T = 1.6 m, Vs (max) = 10 Knots, and Crew = 6 persons. The room on the ship is made like a classy hotel room and other services can pamper tourists.
Biodiesel Potentials of Waste Cooking Oil (WCO): Production, Content of Fuel Properties, and Effects on Engine Performance Suardi; Doddy Suanggana; Basri Said
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i2.5446

Abstract

The potential for biodiesel to become the main fuel in the future seems to be getting brighter with the enactment of government policies related to the implementation of the Euro 4 standard. In addition, the government has also launched de-carbonization to reduce the greenhouse effect by referring to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) plan which sets a target of reducing world carbon emissions by 40% by 2030 and 70% by 2050. To answer this challenge, this research aims to find out the bio-diesel production process by utilizing waste cooking oil (WCO), the next step is whether the biodiesel produced has content properties that are following the quality standards set by the government, the final step is that the bio-diesel is tested on a test engine to know the value of the engine performance produced. In this research two types of methods are used to solve the problem, the first is the transesterification method, which is a method commonly used in the process of making biodiesel, this method utilizes a catalyst to separate pure biodiesel from glycerol, in this research using methanol and NaOH catalysts. The second method is the experimental method, which is testing biodiesel directly on the engine so that the resulting engine performance values including power, torque, and SFC can be known. The test obtained results in the form of content of fuel properties still included in government standards which include Density, Viscosity, Flash Point, Pour Point, and Cetane Number. The best torque value is in the B15 fuel variation at engine speeds of 1400 RPM and 1600 RPM, for the best effective power value results in the B15 fuel variation using engine speed of 1600 RPM, and the best specific fuel consumption value in the B15 fuel variation at 1000 RPM engine speed. So it can be concluded that mixing coconut cooking oil with pure cooking oil into biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel and has a good impact on diesel engine performance.
Testing the Inclination of an Industrial Diesel Engine Under Static Conditions According to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Regulations Suardi; Muhdar Tasrief; Samsu Dlukha Nurcholik; Amalia Ika Wulandari; Wira Setiawan
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i1.5521

Abstract

Many industrial diesel engines are used as the main engine of the ship. Apart from being relatively cheaper, the availability of industrial engine is also very abundant, and the repair process is also not too complicated. However, when viewed from the SOLAS regulations related to the main requirements for a ship propulsion engine, it must also be considered, because it operates at sea, so that ship engines must be tougher than industrial engines, especially related to engine performance when experiencing rolling and trim. The purpose of this research is to test the feasibility of industrial diesel engines being operated on ships. By using a water-cooled single-cylinder diesel engine which is commonly used in small ships. The experimental method was used in this research to obtain optimal results according to the conditions in the field, the engine was made in three variations, namely the normal condition (without inclination angle), the rolling condition of 150, and the trim condition of 50 which complies with SOLAS regulations related to the inclination angle. The results of the research obtained torque, Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), and engine thermal efficiency in various engine variations. The highest torque is in the condition of the 150 rolling engine, which is 13.87 N.m. The lowest SFC is in the condition of the 150 rolling engine, which is 194 gr/kW.h. and the highest thermal efficiency was also obtained at the condition of the 150 rolling engine, namely 44.9%. The higher the engine speed, the higher the engine performance value in rolling 150 conditions, and the 50 trim conditions experience an increasing trend, but in low rotation conditions (750 Rpm) the performance decreases. Seeing the results obtained, a water-cooled single-cylinder diesel engine can be used as a small boat propulsion engine.
Biodiesel Production from POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) and Effects on Diesel Engine Perfor-mance Suardi; Moch Purwanto; Aung Ye Kyaw; Wira Setiawan; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Alfawan
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v7i4.5558

Abstract

One way to reduce the scarcity of fuel oil is to make environmentally friendly alternative fuels such as biodiesel. The utilization of biodiesel can be a new energy source and also help reduce the excessive use of fuel, especially diesel and diesel oil in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the amount of palm oil will reach 49.7 tons by 2021, and this data is up 2.9% from the pre-vious year. Palm fruit is processed into CPO. More palm oil processing will produce waste called POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent). The diesel engine transesterification method is suitable for the manufacture of biodiesel. The amount of base on the catalyst's surface affects the catalyst's activity. So that the higher the base value on the catalyst, the higher the yield of biodiesel that will be produced. The biodiesel produced will be tested on a 4-stroke diesel engine with a B5 and B10 blending composition. The study's results showed that the density and viscosity values for B5 were 5.8 cSt and 810 Kg/m3 and for B10 were 6.3 cSt and 860 Kg/m3. As for engine performance, power, torque, and SFC for B5 fuel at 4000-watt load conditions and 1000 Rpm, engine speeds are 1.18 Kw, 11.28 Nm, and 256.8 gr/Kw. B10 at 4000-watt load condition and 1000 Rpm engine speed is 1.16 Kw, 11.12 Nm, and 269.2 gr/Kw.
Co-Authors A, Alamsyah Abdillah, Riza Abdul Basiq Zainal Abidin Abdurrahman, Luthfi Abidin, Abdul Basiq Zainal Abiyyu Harly Saputra Adhy Rahmat Adila, Imam Rifqi Ahmad Razzan Aknul Ciptiandi Aknul Ciptiandi Alamsyah Alamsyah Alamsyah - Alamsyah Alamsyah Alamsyah Alamsyah alamsyah alamsyah Alamsyah Alamsyah Alamsyah, Alamsyah Alamsyah, Alamsyah Alfawan Alfawan Alfawan Alwi, Muhammad Rusdy amalia ika wulandari Amalia Ika Wulandari Amalia Ika Wulandari Amalia Ika Wulandari Amalia Ika Wulandari Amalia Ika Wulandari Amalia Ika Wulandari Andi Mursid Nugraha Arifuddin Andi Mursid Nugraha Arifuddin Andi Nadia Himaya Anggela, Anggela Anggit Dwi Putra Anugerah, Andi Nurwahid Ardhi Hidayatullah Ardhi Hidayatullah Arifuddin, Andi Mursid Nugraha Astin, Widya Yulia Aulia, Ade Putri Rezki Aung Ye Kyaw Aung Ye Kyaw Aung Ye Kyaw Ayu Nastiti, Yulia Bancin, Sutomo Baratau, Irentya Anugra Basri Said Baya, Nur Bima Jagad Saksana, Febrillian Burliyanto, Decky Cahyani, Alviana Eka Chris Jeremy Verian Sitorus Desinta Larasati Ashar Devy Setiorini Sa’adiyah Dimas Putra Wahid Rusparyansyah Dimas Putra Wahid Rusparyansyah Dwiyanti, Diva Syahirah Elfin Zulmi Azhar Erifive, Pranata Erskine Simei Tonda Fabila, Nova Fachrul Jaya, Muhammad Reza Fahmi Zahrotama Fahrizul Hasmi, Achmad Faisal Mahmuddin Faisal Mahmuddin Fajar, Achmad Feston Sandi Paribang Fiesta Olivia Firman Bagja Juangsa Firmansyah, Mohammad Bagus Fitri, Ade Gad Gunawan Gom Gom Mulia Yehezkiel Tambunan Guskarim Rompon Habibi Habibi Habibi Handayani, Windah Hariyono, Hariyono Haryawan, Hafiz Hendry Hermayanti, Nabila Ayu Hidayat, Taufik Hijriah Hijriah Hijriah Hijriah, Hijriah Hijriah, Hijriah Ikhwani, Rodlian Jamal Imawan Santosa, Pramudya Irvan Setiawan Jumalia, Jumalia Jumardi Jumardi, Jumardi Klara, Syerly Kustiwansa, Harlian Kyaw, Aung Ye Lista Putri Adinda Rahmi Lumbantoruan, Hendra Eliakim Lumenteri, Fido Fortunatus M. Uswah Pawara Mahmuddin, Faisal Mambang Rezalut T Mamola, Randi Maulana, Mohammad Khafid Moch Purwanto Mochammad Purwanto mubarak, azhar aras Muhammad Reza Fachrul Jaya Muhammad Rusdy Alwi Muhammad Yusuf Ismail Muhdar Tasrief Myistro, Evan Naufal, Daffa Ahmad Naval Architecture, Diva Nugraha Arifuddin, Andi Mursid Nugraha, Andi Mursid Orientius Paseru, Ricko Paribang, Feston Sandi Pradityana, Atria Prahmana, Rico Aditia Pranatal, Erifiive Pratama, Brian Yoga Pratama, Raditya Hendra Prihasto, Bima Qalbi AM, Chaerul Raditya, Muhammad Yogi Raditya, Muhammad Yogi Rajagukguk, Pernando Anju Ramadana, Andi Najwa Ramadhani, Rizky Rara Gusnia Nurulhaini Ratna Septati Yani Rifai, Muhammad Rijal Surya Rahmany Rio Hermawan Risaldo, Rizky Rizky Risaldo Rizqi Fahrezi, Dimas Rodlian Jamal Ikhwani Rodlian Jamal Ikhwani Rodlian Jamal Ikhwani Ryanda Bayu Laksana S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Samsu Dlukha N Samsu Dlukha Nurcholik Sarani Nigrat Nai Pos-Pos Setiawan, Wira Setiawan, Wira Setiorini Sa’adiyah, Devy Sherina Fitri Hariani Sherly Clara Siagian, Firman Veryvicasi Vernando Simanjuntak, Lowry Gabriel Simatupang, Gusrawati, Sander V S Siswahyudianto Sitanggang, Syahrul Gunawan Stofani, Dhio Suanggana, Doddy Sultan Mahmud Cakasana Syadzali, Abdul Mujib Syahab, Husein Syaiful Umara, Muhammad Syerly Klara Syerly Klara Tasrief, Muhdar Tasrief, Muhdar Taufik Hidayat Taufik Hidayat Wardina Suwedy Wati, Gusra Widya Yulia Astin Wijaya, Vibra Wira Setiawan Wira Setiawan Wira Setiawan Wira Setiawan Wira Setiawan Wira Setiawan wulandari, amalia ika Wulandari, Amalia Ika Wulandari, Amalia Ika Yosefan, Andreyano Zaed Yuliadi, Mochamad Zulkarnaen, Zen