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Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Bunga Pinang (Areca cetechu L.) Terhadap Streptococcus mutans Penyebab Karies Gigi Yulia Puteri Rahmida; Putri Vidiasari Darsono; Noval Noval
Sains Medisina Vol 1 No 4 (2023): Sains Medisina
Publisher : CV. Wadah Publikasi Cendekia

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Abstract

Karies gigi merupakan penyakit infeksi pada gigi dan mulut. Terapi yang digunakan pada karies gigi yaitu antibiotik amoxicillin. Saat ini banyak terjadi resistensi terhadap antibiotik salah satunya adalah bakteri Streptococcus mutans sehingga perlu penemuan alternatif antibakteri untuk mengatasi karies. Ekstrak bunga pinang (Areca cetechu L) memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder flavonoid yang diduga efektif sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bunga pinang (Areca cetechu L) terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan menentukan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) ekstrak Bunga Pinang (Areca catechu L) terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Metode yang digunakan adalah true experimental dengan desain post test only with control group design. Skrining aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bunga pinang menggunakan difusi sumuran dan penentuan KHM dan KBM menggunakan dilusi kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan kruskal-wallis test dan mann whitney test. Hasil penelitian ialah Ekstrak bunga pinang (Areca cetechu L) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans dengan zona hambat sebesar 14,64 mm dan memiliki kemampuan daya hambat minimum pada konsentrasi konsentrasi 75%. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukan terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan p value 0,019 pada kruskal-wallis test dan pada man whitney test menunjukan p value 0,025. Ekstrak bunga pinang tidak memiliki kemampuan daya bunuh terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Ekstrak bunga pinang (areca cetechu l) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans dengan nilai KHM sebesar 75% dan tidak memiliki KBM.
Pengaruh Penambahan Vitamin C Terhadap Nilai SPF Dan Evaluasi Fisik Sediaan Handbody Gel Ekstrak Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L) Amalia Safitri; Noval Noval; Mia Audina
Sains Medisina Vol 1 No 4 (2023): Sains Medisina
Publisher : CV. Wadah Publikasi Cendekia

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Abstract

Pencegah efek buruk papanan sinar matahari dapat dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan tabir surya. Penetapan potensi tabir surya yang baik ditinjau dari kemampuannya dalam menyerap atau memantulkan sinar ultraviolet dengan penentuan nilai SPF. Senyawa yang terbukti menangkal efek negatif dari radikal bebas adalah antioksidan. Antioksidan yang terkandung dalam daun kersen dengan penambahan vitamin C pada sediaan  untuk meningkatkan nilai SPF. Mengetahui pengaruh penambahan vitamin C terhadap nilai SPF dan mengetahui formula optimal pada sediaan handbody gel ekstrak daun kersen (Muntingia Calabura L). Metode eksperimental dengan rancangan Quasy Experiment Design. Handbody gel dibuat 3 formula dengan variasi konsentrasi vitamin C yang kemudian di evaluasi fisik dan uji aktivitas nilai SPF. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian evaluasi fisik sediaan handbody gel dengan penambahan vitamin C pada uji organoleptik berpengaruh pada warna sediaan, dan uji viskositas. Sedangkan pada uji homogenitas, pH, daya sebar dan daya lekat tidak ada pengaruh. Uji aktivitas nilai SPF didapatkan hasil pada formula I yaitu 18,041, formula II yaitu 354,825 dan formula III yaitu 41,173. Semua sediaan memberikan optimal baik berupa uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, dan daya lekat. Dan uji aktivitas nilai SPF semua nilai SPF dalam kategori ultra protective UV.
Aktivitas Enzim Protease Dan Enzim Amilase Dari Senyawa Isolat Bakteri Tanah Gambut Sept Enno Putri; Dede Mahdiyah; Noval Noval
Sains Medisina Vol 1 No 5 (2023): Sains Medisina
Publisher : CV. Wadah Publikasi Cendekia

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Abstract

Berbagai spesies mikroorganisme terdapat di dalam tanah gambut. Mikroorganisme merupakan sumber enzim yang paling sering dimanfaatkan, enzim yang berasal dari mikroorganisme lebih menguntungkan. Hal ini karena enzim yang berasal dari mikroorganisme tumbuh lebih cepat, dapat tumbuh pada substrat yang murah dan hasil mudah ditingkatkan dengan pertumbuhan serta rekayasa genetika. Meningkatnya permintaan akan enzim yang dimanfaatkan dalam bidang industri farmasi baik dalam pembuatan obat atau suplemen diperlukan produksi dalam jumlah besar. Oleh karenanya, dapat dipenuhi dengan pemilihan mikroorganisme yang unggul sebagai produk enzim yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas enzim protease dan enzim amilase dari senyawa isolat bakteri tanah gambut, Kecamatan gambut Banjarmasin Kalimantan Selatan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yakni, pengambilan sampel tanah gambut, identifikasi morfologi dan mikroskopis menggunakan metode pewarnaan gram, uji aktivitas enzim protease dan uji aktivitas enzim amilase menggunakan metode observasi adanya zona pada media disekitar koloni. Didapatkan hasil 11 isolat tanah gambut dengan karakteristik morfologi bentuk batang dan termasuk gram positif dengan kode ITG (Isolat Tanah Gambut). 11 ITG memiliki aktivitas enzim protease dan enzim amilase yang ditandai dengan adanya zona jernih disekitar koloni yang ditanamkan pada media susu skim 1% + Na yang menandakan adanya (protease) dan pati 1,5% + Na (amilase). Didapatkan kesimpulan 11 isolat dari senyawa bakteri tanah gambut, semua isolat bakteri memiliki aktivitas enzim protease dan aktivitas enzim amilase. Berdasarkan identifikasi morfologi dan mikroskopis yaitu memiliki bentuk batang dengan jenis gram positif.
Formulasi Dan Uji Stabilitas Sediaan Serum Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia L.) Sebagai Antiacne M. al Gifari; Noval Noval; Mia Audina
Sains Medisina Vol 1 No 5 (2023): Sains Medisina
Publisher : CV. Wadah Publikasi Cendekia

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Abstract

Ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia L) mengandung metabolit sekunder flavonoid, alkaloid, dan saponin sebagai antibakteri penyebab jerawat. (Propionibacterium Acnes). Ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk nipis dibuat sediaan serum antiacne. Sediaan serum diformulasi dengan variasi konsentrasi carbomer dan dilakukan pengujian stabilitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula optimal dan menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi carbomer terhadap stabilitas sediaan serum ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk nipis. Metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti ialah penelitian metode quasy-experimental tanpa kelompok kontrol, rancangan one-group posttest only design. Estrak etanol kulit jeruk nipis diformulasikan 4 formula variasi konsentrasi carbomer 0,5%, 1,0%, 1,5%, dan 2,0%, kemudian diuji stabilitas metode cycling test 12 hari atau 6 siklus dengan mengevaluasi sebelum dan sesudah uji stabilitas, meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, dan daya lekat. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu Stabilitas organoleptis keempat formula stabil konsistensi dan memiliki warna coklat transparan, bau khas jeruk nipis. Keempat formula stabil homogen. Stabilitas pH keempat formula stabil dan memenuhi parameter. Stabilitas viskositas formula III stabil dan memenuhi parameter. Stabilitas daya sebar formula II, III, dan IV stabil dan memenuhi parameter. Stabilitas daya lekat formula II, III, dan IV stabil dan memenuhi parameter. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Variasi konsentrasi carbomer memiliki pengaruh terhadap sebelum dan sesudah uji stabilitas. Berdasarkan uji stabilitas formula yang optimal adalah formula III dengan konsentrasi carbomer sebesar 1,5%.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Pelarut Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.): The Effect of Different Types of Solvents on Total Levels of Flavonoid Extract (Annona muricata L.) Ni Ketut Linda Puspa Yani; Kunti Nastiti; Noval Noval
Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/jsm.v9i1.5131

Abstract

One of the plants that is efficacious to prevent a disease is the leaf Annona muricata L. This plant contains contains saponins, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. Compounds that have the most role in causing pharmacological effects are flavonoid compounds as a source of antioxidants. The level of polarity of the solvent in the study will affect the content of the compound extracted based on the principle of like dissolves like. This study was conducted to determine the total flavonoid content at different levels of solvent types and the effect of different solvents of 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane on total flavonoid content. In addition, qualitative tests were carried out to determine the flavonoid compounds. The type of research used is pre-experimental, extraction with controlled maceration method of temperature, light, length of time and stirring. Qualitative analysis with color correction test and Thin Layer Chromatography. Assay using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of the research on identification by color test and Thin Layer Chromatography on the extract Annona muricata L. using 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents were positive for flavonoids and the results of the determination of flavonoid levels in each solvent were 68,9048 mgQE/g, 97,2381 mgQE /g and 73,6667 mgQE/g. ANOVA statistical analysis in each group had a significant difference with p= <0.001 (<0.05). Flavonoid compounds are influenced by the level of solvent polarity, there are significant differences between treatment groups with different types of solvents on total flavonoid levels. The highest flavonoid content was found in ethyl acetate followed by n-hexane and 96% ethanol.
Optimasi Formulasi Tablet Lepas Lambat Ekstrak Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) Menggunakan Polimer Xanthan Gum dan Lubrikan Magnesium Stearat dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD): Optimization of Celery Extract (Apium graveolens L.) Sustained Release Tablet Formulation Using Xanthan Gum Polymer and Magnesium Stearate Lubricant with Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) Method Nur Azizah; Noval Noval; Putri Vidiasari Sudarsono
Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/jsm.v9i1.5165

Abstract

Antihypertensive drugs undergo first-pass metabolism and therefore have low oral bioavailability. It causes an increase in the frequency of drug use and concentration fluctuations that affect patient comfort. The sustained release tablet formulation was chosen because it can deliver the active substance with good bioavailability. An active antihypertensive substance that can be used is celery extract because it contains flavonoids, so a sustained release tablet formulation was made using xanthan gum and magnesium stearate to produce a constant and controlled release rate. This study aims to knowing the results of celery extract sustained release tablet evaluation using different concentrations of xanthan gum and magnesium stearate, and also obtains the optimal formulation. The manufacture of tablets uses the direct compression method. Powder evaluations include flow property through a funnel, angle of repose, compressibility index, and moisture content. Tablet evaluations include organoleptic, weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution tests. The evaluation results data were analyzed using Simplex Lattice Design. The powder evaluation result of all formulations meets the requirements of flow property through a funnel, angle of repose, compressibility index, and moisture content. Physical evaluation of the tablets shows all formulations meet the requirement of weight uniformity, hardness, and friability tests. On the size uniformity test, all formulations do not meet the requirement. The disintegration time test results show that F1 does not meet the requirement. Meanwhile, the dissolution test results show that F4 is the best formula because it shows constant and controlled release rate. Based on analyzed using Simplex Lattice Design, the F4 is the most optimal formula with xanthan gum 52 mg and magnesium stearate 3 mg.
OPTIMASI FORMULASI FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLET (FDT) DIFENHIDRAMIN HCL DENGAN AC-DI-SOL SEBAGAI SUPERDISINTEGRANT DAN MANITOL SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGISI Raihanah Raihanah; Noval Noval; Agustina Hotma Uli Tumanggor
Jurnal Farmasi & Sains Indonesia Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Nusaputera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52216/jfsi.vol5no1p8-19

Abstract

Diphenhydramine HCl is a drug that is used to reduce and block the effects of histamine in the body, to speed up the action of the drug and increase its effect, especially for pediatric and elderly patients. FDT is made with the active ingredient Diphenhydramine HCl combined with superdisintegrant Ac-Di-Sol and Mannitol as filler. To determine the effect of the optimal combination of Ac-Di-Sol and Mannitol in the FDT Diphenhydramine HCl formulation. This study uses a Quasi Experiment Design method with a Non Equivalent Control Group design. FDT was made with 5 different Ac-Di-sol and Mannitol formulations by direct compression method and then evaluated for moisture content, flow rate, angle of repose, compressibility, uniformity of size, uniformity of weight, friability, hardness, disintegration time, disintegration time and wetting time. The results of the research are descriptive analysis and Simplex Lattice Design using Software Design Expert Version 10.0. Evaluation of the physical properties of the powders showed that all formulations met the requirements of moisture content, angle of repose and compressibility, while the flow properties of all formulations did not meet the requirements. The results of the evaluation of the physical properties of FDT produced a clean white color, odorless, with a slightly bitter taste. All FDT formulations met the requirements for uniformity of weight, friability, hardness, disintegration time, and disintegration time, while the results of the uniformity of size and wetting time of all formulations did not meet the requirements. The combination of the concentration ratio of Ac-Di-Sol and Mannitol affects the aspects of brittleness, hardness, disintegration time and wetting time. Formulation 4 is the optimal formulation with the composition of Ac-Di-Sol 12.5 mg and Mannitol 7.5 mg with a desirability value of 0.953.
Floating System Tablet Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Kombinasi Matriks HPMC K4M dan Na CMC Martinah Martinah; Noval Noval
Jurnal Farmasi & Sains Indonesia Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Nusaputera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52216/jfsi.vol5no1p20-29

Abstract

Floating system tablets combination of HPMC K4M and Na matrix. CMC and the active substance of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.), by floating in the stomach for a long time and can release the active substance from papaya leaf extract to treat ulcers in the stomach for a certain time to improve its working mechanism. This study used an experimental method with bivariate analysis. Tablet Floating system was made by direct compression method and evaluation includes evaluation of powder, evaluation of physical properties of tablets and evaluation of floating system made in five formulations with different concentrations of HPMC K4M and Na matrix. CMC. The evaluation results of powder, LOD, flow properties, and quiet angle in all formulations met the requirements, while the compressibility test at F4 did not meet the requirements. The resulting tablet has a brown color, is bitter, has a characteristic smell of extract, and is elongated in shape. Tablets in all formulations have uniformity of weight according to the requirements. The results of the hardness test showed that none of the formulations met the requirements, while the friability test of all formulations met the requirements. In the lag time test, all formulations meet the requirements of 1 second, while the floating time results show that all formulations do not meet the requirements. The evaluation results show that the optimal formulation is F5. Combination of HPMC K4M and Na matrix. CMC affects the evaluation of LOD, quiet angle, compressibility, friability, hardness, and floating time. Keywords : Papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.), floating system tablets, HPMC K4M and Na.CMC
Pendampingan Pengolahan Nira Pohon Nipah dalam Diversifikasi usaha GKN bersujud Tanahbumbu pada Program Kosabangsa Samsul Hadi; Liling tryasmono; Gunawan Gunawan; Deni Setiawan; Kunti Nastiti; Noval Noval; Yusri Yusri; Eka Setya Wijaya
Indonesia Berdaya Vol 5, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UKInstitute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/ib.2024704

Abstract

Nipah, sebuah tumbuhan yang dapat tumbuh pada daerah payau sampai dengan daerah mangrove, juga daerah pasang-surut laut. Nipah termasuk dalam genus palm yang dapat menghasilkan nira yang manis. Melihat potensi itu maka pangabdian ini dilakukan, dengan tujuan melakukan diversifikasi usaha GKN, menggunakan bahan baku nira dari sadapan tanaman nipah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah kegiatan observasi, analisis, pelatihan dan pengarahan. Hasil dari pendampingan ini adalah peningkatan ilmu pengetahuan, kemampuan dan ketrampilan anggota GKN bersujud berkaitan dengan pengalahan nira dari pohon nipah untuk menjadi gula rendah kalori. Kesimpulan dalam kegiatan ini adalah anggota GKN bersujud mendapatkan pengeetahuan baru dan ketrampilan dalam melihat potensi yang ada disekitarnya berkaitan dengan keberadaan pohon nipah.
Isolation and Identification of Marine Bacteria in Raja Ampat Islands West Papua Producing Antibacterial Against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus Dede Mahdiyah; Muhammad Rifqi Dharmawan; Noval Noval
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 7 No. 4 (2024): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v7i4.3908

Abstract

Indonesia's vast archipelago harbors a wealth of natural resources, including marine bacteria with potential antibacterial properties. Given the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, particularly against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, there is a pressing need to explore alternative antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to isolate and characterize marine bacteria with antibacterial activity and evaluate their efficacy against S. typhi and S. aureus. Isolation of marine bacteria was conducted using the spread plate method. Antibacterial activity screening of the secondary metabolites was performed using the well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the dilution method, while minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined using the spread plate method. Seven bacterial isolates were obtained, all identified as Gram-negative bacilli. The secondary metabolites of these marine bacteria demonstrated antibacterial activity against both S. typhi and S. aureus, with inhibition zones of 8.50 mm and 8.46 mm, respectively. The MIC for both bacteria was determined to be 1500 μg/mL. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in antibacterial activity between the isolates (Kruskal-Wallis Test, p-value = 0.007) and between S. typhi and S. aureus (Mann-Whitney Test, p-value = 0.025). While the secondary metabolites exhibited antibacterial activity against both bacteria, they did not demonstrate bactericidal activity as measured by the MBC test.
Co-Authors Adam Ferdian Sigit Pratama Ahmad Faisal Ali Rakhman Hakim Amalia Safitri Bayu Nugraha Clara Montella Dahlia Syahrina Darini Kurniawati Darini Kurniawati Dede Mahdiyah Delva Warti Karlina Deni Setiawan Dyan Fitri Nugraha Dyan Fitri Nugraha Faisal Rahman Fauzah Fauzah Frani Mariani Giovanni Ulima Nibras Giovanni Gunawan Gunawan Haryono, Ika Avrilina Husda Oktaviannoor Ilham Kuncahyo, Ilham Indah Purnamasari Iwan Yuwindry Jesika Claudia Khaliza Natasya Dilla Khusnul Berty Indartantri Kunti Nastiti Kunti Nastiti Liling tryasmono Linda Meydigret Damayanti M. al Gifari Martinah Martinah Meldawati Meldawati Melviani Mia Audina Muhammad Rifqi Dharmawan Muhammad Zulfadhila Nabila Chanisya Putri Nadya Novianty Ni Ketut Linda Puspa Yani Nisrina Deanita Ananda Novia Novia Nur Azizah Nur Hidayah Nurul Auliyani Onny Ziasti Fricillia Putri Astuning Panglipur Putri Vidiasari Darsono Rabiatul Adawiyah Rahmadani Rahmadani Raihana Raihana Raihanah Raihanah Rizali, Muhammad Rizka Appriliani Rizki Adhie Ramadhani Rohama Rohama Roosma Hatmayana Rosyifa Rosyifa Safti Aryzki Samsul Hadi Sept Enno Putri Setia Budi Setia Riadi D. R Siti Aisyiyah Siti Malahayati Siti Malahayati Siti Mutaharah Syafira Nabillah Syafira Nabillah Tumanggor, Agustina Hotma Uli Tuti Alawiyah Wijaya, Eka Setya Yuditha Mutia Windy Yulia Puteri Rahmida Yusri Yusri