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Journal : Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology

Harnessing the Role of Carbon Black: A New Frontier for Energy-Density Supercapacitor Electrodes Komariyah, Ana Yuli; Luthfiyah, Ishmah; Albadi’ah, Ida Vaeruza; Nasikhudin, Nasikhudin; Meevasana, Worawat; Diantoro, Markus
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p268

Abstract

The performance of activated carbon (AC)-based supercapacitor electrodes is often limited by poor electrical conductivity, prompting interest in conductive additives such as carbon black (CB). This study explores the transformative potential of CB as a conductive additive in AC-based supercapacitor electrodes and systematically investigates CB mass loadings of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, using styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as the binder. The findings in this study demonstrate that 10% CB is the optimal loading, offering a balanced performance in terms of structure, morphology, and capacitance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals a distinct structural evolution at 10% CB, characterized by the exclusive emergence of a (100) peak at 43° 2θ, which indicates the formation of dense graphene-like layers and enhanced π-π electron delocalization. This promotes the formation of robust conductive networks, reducing electrode resistivity by 72%. Morphological and specific surface area characterization confirms the uniform particle distribution of an ultra-thin electrode AC-10% CB (26.5 μm) with a high surface area of 851.84 m²/g; this maximizes ion-accessible active sites and minimizes diffusion pathways. These combined effects result in a specific capacitance of 61.33 F/g, representing a 12% improvement over the pristine electrode (56.36 F/g) and 89.87% capacitance retention after 50 cycles. These results highlight the importance of optimizing CB loading: Lower concentrations (
Effect of Thickness of Nanofiber Separator Membrane PAN/PVDF on Supercapacitor’s Performance Agustina, Silvia Nurlaili; Diantoro, Markus; Hartatiek, Hartatiek; Nasikhudin, Nasikhudin
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p228

Abstract

Separators in supercapacitors have an important role as intermediaries for ions that pass during the charge-discharge process and affect the performance of supercapacitors. Therefore, a comprehensive study is needed related to separator characteristics, including morphology, pore size, diameter, functional group, and electrochemical performance of separator membranes from PAN/PVDF composites. The separator membrane was synthesized using the electrospinning method with thickness variation (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 layers), followed by supercapacitor fabrication with coin cell device. The resulting membrane was then characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). For the result of supercapacitor fabrication with coin cells, Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to determine supercapacitor performance. FTIR results showed that the PAN/PVDF membrane was successfully composites with the addition of new peaks identified as PVDF and PAN at wave numbers 2243.21 and 881 cm-1. The nanofibers formed have diameters ranging from 319.7 to 339.95 nm. The optimum percentage of electrolyte uptake is obtained at membranes that have 6 layers, which is 318.18% and decreases to 173.68% the thickness is 10 layers. In this study, the optimum supercapacitor performance was obtained in the 6 layers variation with a thickness of 75.91 x 103 nm with a gravimetric capacitance value is 53.36 F/g, the capacity retention is 88.96% after being tested for 500 cycles, the largest curve area of CV, and an ionic conductivity value is 54 x 10-5 S/cm.
Co-Authors Abdul Aziz Dwi Putra Abdulloh Adha, Ahmad Ridlotul Afrianda, Teguh Agung Haryono Agus Hermawan Agus Sumanto Agustina, Silvia Nurlaili Ahmad Zainudin Akbarti Na'ima Akhmad Al Ittikhad Akhmad Al Ittikhad Albadi’ah, Ida Vaeruza Ali, Marlina Alias, Yatimah Binti Alif Syaiful Adam Andhika Widianto Rahardjo Andhika Widianto Rahardjo Annisa Dwi Wulandari Ari Priharta Arif Amrullah Artanti, Kafa Pramitha Anggraini Indhira Atika Sari Puspita Dewi Aturroifah, Nuviya Illa Muthi Azizah, Puspa Dewi Bachrodin, Hanis Bagus Dwi Krismono Cahayana, Monika Ruth Chusnana Insyaf Yogiyanti Dhea Paradita Dian Fatma Supriyanti Dinda Indrianingrum Donni Pratama Dwikky Alfandi Irianto Emma Yunika Puspasari Etty Soesilowati Faiq Nur Saidah Febriani, Candra Putri Fikri, Ahmadani Darul Fina Nur Azizah Fiyardi Dwi Laksono Grisva Agustin Grisvia Agustin Gumilar, Aris Hadi Sumarsono Haidar Ali Hanik Munaddifah Hartatiek, Hartatiek Hartatiek, Hartatiek Heri Soesanto Hidayah, Ade Siyanti Nurul Ida Vaeruza Albadi’ah Irawan, Ivan Danar Aditya Islamiyah, Muizzatul Jatri Endah Nur Muliyanawati Jewaru, Aurelia Astria L. Joko Sayono Joko Utomo Joko Utomo Komariyah, Ana Yuli Lely Jayanti Lia Yuliati Lia Yuliati, Lia Ludi Wishnu Wardana Lustina Fajar Prastiwi Luthfiyah, Ishmah Markus Diantoro Meevasana, Worawat Miftahul Fauziyah Hanifah Moh. Hafidhuddin Karim Mohd Al-ikhsan Ghazali Mualim, Rahmat Mubarak, Bagja Rahmat Muchammad Harly Mudinillah, Adam Muh. Irshan Sachrir Muhammad Adryan Okuputra Muhammad Zunaidi Muntholib Muttaqijn, Imam Nandang Mufti Ni Putu Kumara Shanti Nisa’, Khoirun Nur Asriyani Nur Wahid Ramadhan Nurmayanti, Nadea Catur Nurul Lathii Fatul Chamidah Okuputra, Muhammad Adryan Parno Parno Parno Putri, Febi Rafidah, Farah Ramesh T. Subramaniam Retno Tri Wulandari Revan Ilyaza Risa Suryana Riska, Fati Matur Riski, Dita Suci Novia Rudi Hartono Safitri, Yustina Sahatta, Mahendra Dwianggana Saparullah Saparullah Sefia Kharen Gilar Tiana Sentot Kusairi Silvi Rahmawati Wibowo Siti Khusnul Rofiah Siti Markhamah Sri Rahayu Lestari Sriarianie, Sriarianie Sugeng Hadi Utomo Sujito Sujito Sulikah Sulikah Supriana, Edi Supriyadi Supriyadi Sutopo Sutopo Ulwiyatus Sa’adah Wahjoedi Wahjoedi Wahjoedi Wardani, Vindi Kusuma Wening Patmi Rahayu Wulandari, Annisa Dwi Wulandari, Dwi Wulansari, Nur Iva Yudyanto Yudyanto Yunani Yunani Zunaidi, Muhammad