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Rethinking Subsidiary in Corruption Cases: Indonesian Experiences Nugroho, Fendi; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani
Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System
Publisher : Lembaga Contrarius Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53955/jhcls.v5i2.714

Abstract

The imposition of additional penalties in the form of restitution in corruption cases in Indonesia continues to reveal significant conceptual and practical weaknesses. A primary issue is the tendency of convicted individuals to opt for subsidiary imprisonment rather than paying restitution, which undermines the effective recovery of state financial losses. Furthermore, inconsistencies in interpretation between prosecutors and judges, weak asset tracing mechanisms, and ambiguities in existing regulations exacerbate the problem. This study examines the legal significance of restitution in corruption cases, identifies the shortcomings in its current implementation, and proposes a ius constituendum model to reconstruct the restitution system to enhance substantive justice and improve state financial recovery. The research employs a normative juridical method, combining statutory analysis, doctrinal review, and case studies, complemented by a comparative study of legal frameworks in the United States and the United Kingdom to highlight gaps in Indonesia’s asset recovery mechanisms. The findings indicate that first, current regulations fail to provide adequate deterrence; second, there is insufficient alignment between state interests and the rights of convicts; and third, existing mechanisms for asset tracing and execution are ineffective. Accordingly, this study recommends legal reconstruction through strengthening the prosecutorial role in execution, ensuring consistency between prosecution demands and judicial decisions, and incorporating the time value of money in determining restitution amounts.
THE WESTERN LEGAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIAN CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LAW REFORM: A GLOBALIZATION AND LEGAL POLITICS PERSPECTIVE Santoso, Bambang; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Rustamaji, Muhammad
Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum Vol 11, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum
Publisher : UNISSULA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jph.v11i2.30488

Abstract

In the field of law, the influence of globalization is reflected in the legal politics of procedural law reform, which is currently still in the form of legislation draft. This study aims to analyze the influence of globalization on the reform of Indonesian criminal procedural law in relation to national legal politics. This research is normative legal research, which focuses on studying library materials. Based on the results of a comprehensive study is known, the Draft Criminal Procedure Code includes a new system originating from the western legal system such as adversary system in court trial. Adopting the adversary system into the Draft Criminal Procedure Code is a very revolutionary legal political reform of the criminal procedural law. Various challenges will be faced along with the adoption of the new legal system.  Changes in the legal culture of law bearers is also a key variable in the success or failure of a western legal system implementation. Although the concept of the Criminal Procedure Code is colored by the western legal system, it does not conflict with national legal politics because it reflects universal legal principles, namely equality.
The Price of Corruption on State Losses Policy Rahmadi, Aji; Karjoko, Lego; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih
Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi Vol. 8 Issue 2 (2025) Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/volksgeist.v8i2.14813

Abstract

Legal instruments and law enforcement agencies have actively pursued efforts to eradicate corruption; however, empirical evidence indicates that the recovery of state financial losses remains disproportionate to the magnitude of economic harm incurred. This study seeks to reformulate the concept of state economic loss in corruption cases to establish a legal framework that is fairer, proportionate, and grounded in legal certainty. The research uses a normative juridical method, analyzing secondary data through three distinct approaches: the statutory approach, which examines the consistency of legal norms; the conceptual approach, which investigates relevant doctrines and theoretical frameworks; and the case study approach, which identifies judicial practices and jurisprudence relevant to the topic. The findings reveal two principal insights. First, the application of the economic loss element in state corruption cases encounters significant challenges, including ambiguous interpretations, the absence of clear normative boundaries, reliance on potential rather than actual loss calculations, and the lack of a standardized methodology. Second, reformulating this element is necessary by clarifying its normative definition, incorporating actual losses, recognizing systemic impacts, and standardizing the methodology for calculating losses. This reformulation enhances the quality of evidence, reduces disparities in legal interpretation, and promotes harmonization across laws and regulations. Moreover, this policy framework is expected to improve coordination among law enforcement agencies, strengthen public trust, and ultimately foster a more effective, transparent, and corruption-free governance environment.
Dysfunctional Factors of Environmental Law on Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation and Developing Remedial Strategies Through Reconstruction Criminal Law System Model in Indonesia Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Gumbira, Seno Wibowo; Barkhuizen, Jaco
PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW) Vol 10, No 3 (2023): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The excessive criminalization of community and environmental enforcement activists has prolonged the problem of SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation) in Indonesia. This study explores the factors contributing to non-optimal protection for citizens and environmental law enforcement activists. It aims to develop an ideal model for formulating the criminal law system to address Indonesia's Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation (SLAPP). This study used a doctrinal juridical approach to analyze and identify the factors preventing environmental law from effectively providing legal protection to the community and activists advocating for a good, healthy, and safe environment or the occurrence of SLAPP. This research found that the new model should incorporate clear sentencing guidelines for law enforcement while addressing and reformulating conflicting legal instruments. The goal is to foster juridical harmonization, serving as a strategic approach to prevent SLAPP in the future.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v10n3.a6 
Criminal Liability Political Parties in Criminal Acts of Corruption: Indonesia Korea Comparison Lukitasari, Diana; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Ginting, Rehnalemken; Subekti, Subekti; Pratiwi, Dian Esti
IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (November, 2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcls.v6i2.33917

Abstract

Political parties are often in the spotlight because of the corrupt behavior of their members with the aim of party interests. The forms of criminal acts of corruption by cadres or political party administrators have various modes, including bribery, buying and selling positions, extorting strategic sectors, harming state finances, abuse of authority and misuse of budgets in development programs. Although there are many cases where political parties are suspected of being in the vortex of enjoying the proceeds of criminal acts of corruption, until now criminal responsibility is still borne by individuals, whether cadres or administrators of political parties. This study aims to provide an overview of the criminal liability arrangements of political parties in corruption in Indonesia and to conduct a comparative study of the accountability of political parties in Indonesia and South Korea. The research method used is non-doctrinal by taking secondary data sources with legal, conceptual and grammatical approaches. The results show that Indonesia still includes political parties as corporations, however, political parties in Indonesia are legal entities that cannot be held criminally responsible. South Korea is an example of a country that regulates criminal acts of political parties through their respective laws. In general, South Korea imposes criminal responsibility on persons or administrators of party members, not on the party itself.
The Role of Law On the Implementation of Green Banking in Indonesia Safitri, Ria; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Purwadi, Hari
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v7i1.10897

Abstract

Abstract: The Economic development in Indonesia shows significant results, yet it has a negative impact towards the environment. The trouble  is that if the bank has provided credit or financing to customers, it turns out that the credit recipient company discharges waste into the river or other actions that undermine the environment. Do banks have helped in financing environmental damage? Then how was the bank's responsibility for credit channeled to polling debtors? Economic development cannot be separated from bank institutions as an intermediary institution which has become one of the drivers of the economy and business so that it has a strategic role that can be used to achieve certain goals. One of the objectives of development is environmental sustainability. In order to espouse environmental preservation, the pattern of green banking can be applied, but only a small number of conventional banks and Islamic banks implement it in credit assessment terms. The pattern of green banking practice that can be realized in each credit agreement and financing at the bank, among others: administrative patterns, associative patterns, incentive patterns and evaluative patterns. Those patterns can be implemented with great awareness and responsibility from all banks in Indonesia.Keywords: law, bank, green banking Abstrak: Pembangunan ekonomi di Indonesia menunjukkan hasil yang cukup signifikan, akan tetapi menghasilkan dampak buruk terhadap lingkungan hidup. Permasalahannya yaitu apabila bank sudah menyalurkan kredit atau pembiayaan kepada nasabah yang ternyata perusahaan penerima kredit melakukan pembuangan limbah ke sungai atau kegiatan lainnya yang merusak lingkungan. Apakah bank dapat dikatakan turut membiayai terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan? Lalu bagaimana tanggungjawab bank terhadap kredit yang disalurkan pada debitur pencemar? Pembangunan ekonomi tidak dapat dilepaskan dari lembaga bank sebagai intermediary institution yang merupakan salah satu penggerak ekonomi dan bisnis sehingga memiliki peran strategis yang dapat digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu. Salah satu tujuan pembangunan adalah kelestarian lingkungan hidup. Dalam rangka menunjang pelestarian lingkungan hidup, pola green banking dapat diterapkan, akan tetapi hanya sebagian kecil bank konvensional dan bank syariah yang melaksanakannya dalam syarat penilaian kredit. Pola pelaksanaan green banking yang dapat direalisasikan dalam setiap perjanjian kredit dan pembiayaan pada bank, antara lain: pola administrative, pola asosiatif, pola pola insentif dan pola evaluative. Pola demikian dapat dilaksanakan dengan kesadaran dan tanggungjawab yang besar dari semua bank di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Hukum, Bank, green banking  
Islamic Law and the Blasphemy Debate in Contemporary Indonesia Mufidah, Mufidah; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Isharyanto, Isharyanto; Wardi, Musa
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v24i2.41287

Abstract

Blasphemy is a sensitive and complex issue in Indonesia, the largest Muslim-majority country in the world. This article examines the regulation of blasphemy, which often clashes with Indonesia's social, cultural, and political dynamics. It evaluates the reconstruction of blasphemy laws through the lens of maqāṣid al-‘uqūbāt in Islamic law. The study concludes that reconstructing the blasphemy law is necessary as part of legal reform that aligns with Indonesia's constitutional principles of the rule of law and democracy. This reconstruction should integrate Islamic legal principles based on maqāṣid al-‘uqūbāt in several key areas, including defining the legal subjects of blasphemy, providing clarification as part of the resolution process by considering shubhāt and al-dan ta'wīl, and developing mechanisms for resolving blasphemy cases. The urgency for reform arises from several critical factors: the ambiguous formulation of blasphemy norms, which significantly impacts court decisions; the absence of consistent justice-based law enforcement mechanisms; disparate treatment toward certain groups; and the tendency to generalize blasphemy cases as criminal acts due to a lack of alternative measures. These issues reflect legal uncertainty and the potential misuse of blasphemy laws for political purposes.AbstrakPenistaan agama merupakan isu yang sensitif dan kompleks di Indonesia, negara berpenduduk mayoritas Muslim terbesar di dunia. Artikel ini mengkaji pengaturan penodaan agama yang sering kali berbenturan dengan dinamika sosial, budaya, dan politik di Indonesia. Artikel ini mengevaluasi rekonstruksi hukum penodaan agama melalui lensa maqāṣid al-'uqūbāt dalam hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa rekonstruksi undang-undang penodaan agama diperlukan sebagai bagian dari reformasi hukum yang selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip konstitusional Indonesia tentang negara hukum dan demokrasi. Rekonstruksi ini harus mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam berdasarkan maqāṣid al-'uqūbāt di beberapa bidang utama, termasuk mendefinisikan subjek hukum penodaan agama, memberikan klarifikasi sebagai bagian dari proses penyelesaian dengan mempertimbangkan syubhat dan al-ta'wīl, dan mengembangkan mekanisme penyelesaian kasus penodaan agama. Urgensi reformasi muncul dari beberapa faktor kritis: rumusan norma penodaan agama yang ambigu, yang secara signifikan berdampak pada putusan pengadilan; ketiadaan mekanisme penegakan hukum yang berbasis keadilan yang konsisten; perlakuan yang tidak adil terhadap kelompok-kelompok tertentu; dan kecenderungan untuk menggeneralisasi kasus-kasus penodaan agama sebagai tindakan kriminal karena kurangnya upaya-upaya alternatif. Isu-isu ini mencerminkan ketidakpastian hukum dan potensi penyalahgunaan undang-undang penodaan agama untuk tujuan politik.
The Essence of Paying Compensation To Victims of Fair-Based Fraud According To John Rawls Widjaja, Johan; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Herlin Setyorini, Erny
Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management Vol. 3 No. 12 (2024): Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jrssem.v3i12.686

Abstract

This article aims to discuss and analyze the nature of justice-based compensation payments to victims of fraud, the problem approaches used are a conceptual approach, a statutory approach, a comparative approach, a case approach and finally a philosophical approach. This research uses normative research by studying and understanding law as norms or positive legal rules. Sources of legal materials are obtained from legislation, literature books, theory and legal journals. Where later it will be used to find out what the essence of compensation payments should be that provides justice for victims of criminal acts of fraud to obtain their rights, namely through the reconstruction of regulations by adding sanctions in the form of criminal compensation for losses experienced as a result of the criminal act, due to criminal witnesses who were present. This applies only to giving prison sentences without paying attention to the victims.
THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULATING NON-CONCIVTION BASED FORFEITURE IN CORRUPTION CASES IN INDONESIA Mukminah, Lily Solichul; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Yudianto, Otto; Hufron, Hufron
IBLAM LAW REVIEW Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): IBLAM LAW REVIEW
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM IBLAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52249/ilr.v3i2.125

Abstract

This research examines the importance of regulating Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB) in corruption cases in Indonesia. NCB is a mechanism of asset forfeiture that allows the state to seize assets without a prior criminal conviction. The study argues that the regulation of NCB is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of asset recovery in corruption cases and to prevent abuse of power by law enforcement agencies. The research uses a qualitative approach and analyzes relevant laws and regulations, court decisions, and academic literature. The findings suggest that the current legal framework for NCB in Indonesia is inadequate, leading to the misuse of NCB by law enforcement agencies. The research recommends the enactment of a specific law on NCB in corruption cases that provides clear criteria and safeguards for the use of this mechanism.
Disparitas Hukum Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Pada Anak Rahmawati, Rahmawati; Hartiwiningsih, Hartiwiningsih; Rustamaji, Muhammad; Sulistiyanta, Sulistiyanta; Abdillah, Muhammad
AL-ISTINBATH : Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 8 No 2 November (2023)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/jhi.v8i2.7379

Abstract

This research aims to elucidate how criminal law disparities against perpetrators of sexual violence against children manifest based on Islamic law in Indonesia. The legal disparities indicate that child victims of sexual violence have not received comprehensive legal justice. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, collecting data through exploration and reading online media with the keywords 'sexual violence against children in Indonesia' on the Google search engine. This paper reveals that legal imbalances have undermined the value of justice for child victims of sexual crimes, affecting them both psychologically and physically, and leading to other consequences such as dropping out of school, forced marriage to the perpetrator, and suicide. This study is crucial to bring about justice based on Islamic law for child victims of sexual crimes, juxtaposed with Pancasila justice. It highlights that the criminal legal disparities in cases of sexual violence consistently place children as the disadvantaged objects of legal justice. True legal inequality would not occur if the application of the law is based on Islamic Law grounded in divine values, as the punishment for perpetrators of sexual violence in Islam can be judged as hudud crimes, qhisas crimes, and ta'zir crimes.